Aplicaci��n m��vil para el acceso a juego de naipes sobre el desarrollo humano

Este Proyecto Fin de Carrera (PFC) tiene como objetivo el an��lisis, dise��o e implementaci��n de un videojuego m��vil multijugador, con un enfoque educativo, para la sensibilizaci��n sobre el ��ndice de Desarrollo Humano (IDH). El sistema resultante se ha desarrollado para la Plataforma Android, utilizando el Framework AndEngine, que utiliza aceleraci��n hardware de la GPU para garantizar un buen rendimiento en terminales de gama baja, de modo que pueda utilizarse en un amplio n��mero de terminales m��viles disponibles en el mercado. La aplicaci��n se presenta como un juego de cartas con los diferentes pa��ses y sus datos humanitarios, los jugadores deben conocer el peso de los ��ndices de desarrollo (esperanza de vida, renta, educaci��n) de los pa��ses en comparaci��n con los pa��ses de los otros jugadores. El sistema de juego premia a los jugadores con mayores conocimientos sobre los datos humanos de los diferentes pa��ses del mundo, de ese modo los mejores jugadores ser��n los que tengan m��s conocimientos de estos datos. El juego permite jugar partidas en solitario utilizando jugadores manejados por la CPU, o multijugador mediante WIFI o 3G. La actualizaci��n de la informaci��n y de los datos de las partidas se realiza a trav��s de la comunicaci��n con un servidor web ya implementado de forma complementaria a la realizaci��n de este proyecto. El sistema ha sido integrado y validado satisfactoriamente con diferentes terminales m��viles y usuarios de diferente perfil de edad y uso. El videojuego se puede descargar de la p��gina web creada en un proyecto complementario a ��ste (pendiente de publicaci��n web), y ya se encuentra tambi��n disponible en Google Play. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=xnetcom.pro.cartas&hl=es_419 ABSTRACT. This Project End of Career (PFC) takes as an aim the analysis, design and implementation of a multiplayer mobile videogame, with an educational approach, for the awareness on the Human Development Index (HDI). The resultant system has been developed for the Platform Android, using the AndEngine Framework, which uses hardware acceleration of the GPU to ensure a good performance on low-end terminals, so that it can be used in a wide range of mobile handsets available in the market. The application is presented as a card game with the different countries and his humanitarian information, the players must know the weight of the indexes of development (life expectancy, revenue, education) of the countries in comparison with the countries of other players. The game system rewards players with more knowledge on human information of different countries, thus the best players will be those with more knowledge of these information. The game allows to play items in solitarily using players handled by the CPU, or multiplayer by means of WIFI or 3G. The update of the information and data of the online games is done through communication with a web server implemented as a complement to the realization of this project. The system has been built and successfully validated with different mobile terminals and users of different age and usage profile. The game can be downloaded from the website created in a complementary project to this (web publication pending), and is now also available on Google Play https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=xnetcom.pro.cartas&hl=es_419

Evaluation and implementation of a hybrid cross-platform application combining mobile web-technologies and native device functions

Este Proyecto de Fin de Carrera presenta un prototipo de aplicaci��n m��vil h��brida multi-plataforma para Android y iOS. Las aplicaciones m��viles h��bridas son una combinaci��n de aplicaciones web m��viles y aplicaciones m��viles nativas. Se desarrollan parcialmente con tecnolog��as web y pueden acceder a la capa nativa y sensores del tel��fono. Para el usuario se presentan como aplicaciones nativas, ya que se pueden descargar de las tiendas de aplicaciones y son instaladas en el dispositivo. El prototipo consiste en la migraci��n del m��dulo de noticias financieras de las aplicaciones actuales para m��viles de una compa����a bancaria reimplement��ndolo como aplicaci��n h��brida utilizando uno de los entornos de desarrollo disponibles en el mercado para este prop��sito. El desarrollo de aplicaciones h��bridas puede ahorrar tiempo y dinero cuando se pretende alcanzar m��s de una plataforma m��vil. El objetivo es la evaluaci��n de las ventajas e inconvenientes que ofrece el desarrollo de aplicaciones h��bridas en t��rminos de reducci��n de costes, tiempo de desarrollo y resultado final de la aplicaci��n. El proyecto consta de varias fases. Durante la primera fase se realiza un estudio sobre las aplicaciones h��bridas que podemos encontrar hoy en d��a en el mercado utilizando los ejemplos de linkedIn, Facebook y Financial times. Se hace hincapi�� en las tecnolog��as utilizadas, uso de la red m��vil y problemas encontrados. Posteriormente se realiza una comparaci��n de distintos entornos de desarrollo multi-plataforma para aplicaciones h��bridas en t��rminos de la estrategia utilizada, plataformas soportadas, lenguajes de programaci��n, acceso a capacidades nativas de los dispositivos y licencias de uso. Esta primera fase da como resultado la elecci��n del entorno de desarrollo m��s adecuado a las exigencias del proyecto, que es PhoneGap, y continua con un an��lisis m��s detallado de dicho entorno en cuanto a su arquitectura, caracter��sticas y componentes. La siguiente fase comienza con un estudio de las aplicaciones actuales de la compa����a para extraer el c��digo fuente necesario y adaptarlo a la arquitectura que tendr�� la aplicaci��n. Para la realizaci��n del prototipo se hace uso de la caracter��stica que ofrece PhoneGap para acceder a la capa nativa del dispositivo, esto es, el uso de plugins. Se dise��a y desarrolla un plugin que permite acceder a la capa nativa para cada plataforma. Una vez desarrollado el prototipo para la plataforma Android, se migra y adapta para la plataforma iOS. Por ��ltimo se hace una evaluaci��n de los prototipos en cuanto a su facilidad y tiempo de desarrollo, rendimiento, funcionalidad y apariencia de la interfaz de usuario. ABSTRACT. This bachelor's thesis presents a prototype of a hybrid cross-platform mobile application for Android and iOS. Hybrid mobile applications are a combination of mobile web and mobile native applications. They are built partially with web technologies and they can also access native features and sensors of the device. For a user, they look like native applications as they are downloaded from the application stores and installed on the device. This prototype consists of the migration of the financial news module of current mobile applications from a financial bank reimplementing them as a hybrid application using one of the frameworks available in the market for that purpose. Development of applications on a hybrid way can help reducing costs and effort when targeting more than one platform. The target of the project is the evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages that hybrid development can offer in terms of reducing costs and efforts and the final result of the application. The project starts with an analysis of successfully released hybrid applications using the examples of linkedIn, Facebook and Financial Times, emphasizing the different used technologies, the transmitted network data and the encountered problems during the development. This analysis is followed by a comparison of most popular hybrid crossplatform development frameworks in terms of the different approaches, supported platforms, programming languages, access to native features and license. This first stage has the outcome of finding the development framework that best fits to the requirements of the project, that is PhoneGap, and continues with a deeper analysis of its architecture, features and components. Next stage analyzes current company's applications to extract the needed source code and adapt it to the architecture of the prototype. For the realization of the application, the feature that PhoneGap offers to access the native layer of the device is used. This feature is called plugin. A custom plugin is designed and developed to access the native layer of each targeted platform. Once the prototype is finished for Android, it is migrated and adapted to the iOS platform. As a final conclusion the prototypes are evaluated in terms of ease and time of development, performance, functionality and look and feel.

A model to develop a platform for personalised health applications

Antecedentes Europa vive una situaci��n insostenible. Desde el 2008 se han reducido los recursos de los gobiernos a ra��z de la crisis econ��mica. El continente Europeo envejece con ritmo constante al punto que se prev�� que en 2050 habr�� s��lo dos trabajadores por jubilado [54]. A esta situaci��n se le a��ade el aumento de la incidencia de las enfermedades cr��nicas, relacionadas con el envejecimiento, cuyo coste puede alcanzar el 7% del PIB de un pa��s [51]. Es necesario un cambio de paradigma. Una nueva manera de cuidar de la salud de las personas: sustentable, eficaz y preventiva m��s que curativa. Algunos estudios abogan por el cuidado personalizado de la salud (pHealth). En este modelo las pr��cticas m��dicas son adaptadas e individualizadas al paciente, desde la detecci��n de los factores de riesgo hasta la personalizaci��n de los tratamientos basada en la respuesta del individuo [81]. El cuidado personalizado de la salud est�� asociado a menudo al uso de las tecnolog��as de la informaci��n y comunicaci��n (TICs) que, con su desarrollo exponencial, ofrecen oportunidades interesantes para la mejora de la salud. El cambio de paradigma hacia el pHealth est�� lentamente ocurriendo, tanto en el ��mbito de la investigaci��n como en la industria, pero todav��a no de manera significativa. Existen todav��a muchas barreras relacionadas a la econom��a, a la pol��tica y la cultura. Tambi��n existen barreras puramente tecnol��gicas, como la falta de sistemas de informaci��n interoperables [199]. A pesar de que los aspectos de interoperabilidad est��n evolucionando, todav��a hace falta un dise��o de referencia especialmente direccionado a la implementaci��n y el despliegue en gran escala de sistemas basados en pHealth. La presente Tesis representa un intento de organizar la disciplina de la aplicaci��n de las TICs al cuidado personalizado de la salud en un modelo de referencia, que permita la creaci��n de plataformas de desarrollo de software para simplificar tareas comunes de desarrollo en este dominio. Preguntas de investigaci��n RQ1 >Es posible definir un modelo, basado en t��cnicas de ingenier��a del software, que represente el dominio del cuidado personalizado de la salud de una forma abstracta y representativa? RQ2 >Es posible construir una plataforma de desarrollo basada en este modelo? RQ3 >Esta plataforma ayuda a los desarrolladores a crear sistemas pHealth complejos e integrados? M��todos Para la descripci��n del modelo se adopt�� el est��ndar ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010por ser lo suficientemente general y abstracto para el amplio enfoque de esta tesis [25]. El modelo est�� definido en varias partes: un modelo conceptual, expresado a trav��s de mapas conceptuales que representan las partes interesadas (stakeholders), los artefactos y la informaci��n compartida; y escenarios y casos de uso para la descripci��n de sus funcionalidades. El modelo fue desarrollado de acuerdo a la informaci��n obtenida del an��lisis de la literatura, incluyendo 7 informes industriales y cient��ficos, 9 est��ndares, 10 art��culos en conferencias, 37 art��culos en revistas, 25 p��ginas web y 5 libros. Bas��ndose en el modelo se definieron los requisitos para la creaci��n de la plataforma de desarrollo, enriquecidos por otros requisitos recolectados a trav��s de una encuesta realizada a 11 ingenieros con experiencia en la rama. Para el desarrollo de la plataforma, se adopt�� la metodolog��a de integraci��n continua [74] que permiti�� ejecutar tests autom��ticos en un servidor y tambi��n desplegar aplicaciones en una p��gina web. En cuanto a la metodolog��a utilizada para la validaci��n se adopt�� un marco para la formulaci��n de teor��as en la ingenier��a del software [181]. Esto requiere el desarrollo de modelos y proposiciones que han de ser validados dentro de un ��mbito de investigaci��n definido, y que sirvan para guiar al investigador en la b��squeda de la evidencia necesaria para justificarla. La validaci��n del modelo fue desarrollada mediante una encuesta online en tres rondas con un n��mero creciente de invitados. El cuestionario fue enviado a 134 contactos y distribuido en algunos canales p��blicos como listas de correo y redes sociales. El objetivo era evaluar la legibilidad del modelo, su nivel de cobertura del dominio y su potencial utilidad en el dise��o de sistemas derivados. El cuestionario inclu��a preguntas cuantitativas de tipo Likert y campos para recolecci��n de comentarios. La plataforma de desarrollo fue validada en dos etapas. En la primera etapa se utiliz�� la plataforma en un experimento a peque��a escala, que consisti�� en una sesi��n de entrenamiento de 12 horas en la que 4 desarrolladores tuvieron que desarrollar algunos casos de uso y reunirse en un grupo focal para discutir su uso. La segunda etapa se realiz�� durante los tests de un proyecto en gran escala llamado HeartCycle [160]. En este proyecto un equipo de dise��adores y programadores desarrollaron tres aplicaciones en el campo de las enfermedades cardio-vasculares. Una de estas aplicaciones fue testeada en un ensayo cl��nico con pacientes reales. Al analizar el proyecto, el equipo de desarrollo se reuni�� en un grupo focal para identificar las ventajas y desventajas de la plataforma y su utilidad. Resultados Por lo que concierne el modelo que describe el dominio del pHealth, la parte conceptual incluye una descripci��n de los roles principales y las preocupaciones de los participantes, un modelo de los artefactos TIC que se usan com��nmente y un modelo para representar los datos t��picos que son necesarios formalizar e intercambiar entre sistemas basados en pHealth. El modelo funcional incluye un conjunto de 18 escenarios, repartidos en: punto de vista de la persona asistida, punto de vista del cuidador, punto de vista del desarrollador, punto de vista de los proveedores de tecnolog��as y punto de vista de las autoridades; y un conjunto de 52 casos de uso repartidos en 6 categor��as: actividades de la persona asistida, reacciones del sistema, actividades del cuidador, \engagement" del usuario, actividades del desarrollador y actividades de despliegue. Como resultado del cuestionario de validaci��n del modelo, un total de 65 personas revis�� el modelo proporcionando su nivel de acuerdo con las dimensiones evaluadas y un total de 248 comentarios sobre c��mo mejorar el modelo. Los conocimientos de los participantes variaban desde la ingenier��a del software (70%) hasta las especialidades m��dicas (15%), con declarado inter��s en eHealth (24%), mHealth (16%), Ambient Assisted Living (21%), medicina personalizada (5%), sistemas basados en pHealth (15%), inform��tica m��dica (10%) e ingenier��a biom��dica (8%) con una media de 7.25_4.99 a��os de experiencia en estas ��reas. Los resultados de la encuesta muestran que los expertos contactados consideran el modelo f��cil de leer (media de 1.89_0.79 siendo 1 el valor m��s favorable y 5 el peor), suficientemente abstracto (1.99_0.88) y formal (2.13_0.77), con una cobertura suficiente del dominio (2.26_0.95), ��til para describir el dominio (2.02_0.7) y para generar sistemas m��s espec��ficos (2_0.75). Los expertos tambi��n reportan un inter��s parcial en utilizar el modelo en su trabajo (2.48_0.91). Gracias a sus comentarios, el modelo fue mejorado y enriquecido con conceptos que faltaban, aunque no se pudo demonstrar su mejora en las dimensiones evaluadas, dada la composici��n diferente de personas en las tres rondas de evaluaci��n. Desde el modelo, se gener�� una plataforma de desarrollo llamada \pHealth Patient Platform (pHPP)". La plataforma desarrollada incluye librer��as, herramientas de programaci��n y desarrollo, un tutorial y una aplicaci��n de ejemplo. Se definieron cuatro m��dulos principales de la arquitectura: el Data Collection Engine, que permite abstraer las fuentes de datos como sensores o servicios externos, mapeando los datos a bases de datos u ontolog��as, y permitiendo interacci��n basada en eventos; el GUI Engine, que abstrae la interfaz de usuario en un modelo de interacci��n basado en mensajes; y el Rule Engine, que proporciona a los desarrolladores un medio simple para programar la l��gica de la aplicaci��n en forma de reglas \if-then". Despu��s de que la plataforma pHPP fue utilizada durante 5 a��os en el proyecto HeartCycle, 5 desarrolladores fueron reunidos en un grupo de discusi��n para analizar y evaluar la plataforma. De estas evaluaciones se concluye que la plataforma fue dise��ada para encajar las necesidades de los ingenieros que trabajan en la rama, permitiendo la separaci��n de problemas entre las distintas especialidades, y simplificando algunas tareas de desarrollo como el manejo de datos y la interacci��n as��ncrona. A pesar de ello, se encontraron algunos defectos a causa de la inmadurez de algunas tecnolog��as empleadas, y la ausencia de algunas herramientas espec��ficas para el dominio como el procesado de datos o algunos protocolos de comunicaci��n relacionados con la salud. Dentro del proyecto HeartCycle la plataforma fue utilizada para el desarrollo de la aplicaci��n \Guided Exercise", un sistema TIC para la rehabilitaci��n de pacientes que han sufrido un infarto del miocardio. El sistema fue testeado en un ensayo cl��nico randomizado en el cual a 55 pacientes se les dio el sistema para su uso por 21 semanas. De los resultados t��cnicos del ensayo se puede concluir que, a pesar de algunos errores menores prontamente corregidos durante el estudio, la plataforma es estable y fiable. Conclusiones La investigaci��n llevada a cabo en esta Tesis y los resultados obtenidos proporcionan las respuestas a las tres preguntas de investigaci��n que motivaron este trabajo: RQ1 Se ha desarrollado un modelo para representar el dominio de los sistemas personalizados de salud. La evaluaci��n hecha por los expertos de la rama concluye que el modelo representa el dominio con precisi��n y con un balance apropiado entre abstracci��n y detalle. RQ2 Se ha desarrollado, con ��xito, una plataforma de desarrollo basada en el modelo. RQ3 Se ha demostrado que la plataforma es capaz de ayudar a los desarrolladores en la creaci��n de software pHealth complejos. Las ventajas de la plataforma han sido demostradas en el ��mbito de un proyecto de gran escala, aunque el enfoque gen��rico adoptado indica que la plataforma podr��a ofrecer beneficios tambi��n en otros contextos. Los resultados de estas evaluaciones ofrecen indicios de que, ambos, el modelo y la plataforma ser��n buenos candidatos para poderse convertir en una referencia para futuros desarrollos de sistemas pHealth. ABSTRACT Background Europe is living in an unsustainable situation. The economic crisis has been reducing governments' economic resources since 2008 and threatening social and health systems, while the proportion of older people in the European population continues to increase so that it is foreseen that in 2050 there will be only two workers per retiree [54]. To this situation it should be added the rise, strongly related to age, of chronic diseases the burden of which has been estimated to be up to the 7% of a country's gross domestic product [51]. There is a need for a paradigm shift, the need for a new way of caring for people's health, shifting the focus from curing conditions that have arisen to a sustainable and effective approach with the emphasis on prevention. Some advocate the adoption of personalised health care (pHealth), a model where medical practices are tailored to the patient's unique life, from the detection of risk factors to the customization of treatments based on each individual's response [81]. Personalised health is often associated to the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT), that, with its exponential development, offers interesting opportunities for improving healthcare. The shift towards pHealth is slowly taking place, both in research and in industry, but the change is not significant yet. Many barriers still exist related to economy, politics and culture, while others are purely technological, like the lack of interoperable information systems [199]. Though interoperability aspects are evolving, there is still the need of a reference design, especially tackling implementation and large scale deployment of pHealth systems. This thesis contributes to organizing the subject of ICT systems for personalised health into a reference model that allows for the creation of software development platforms to ease common development issues in the domain. Research questions RQ1 Is it possible to define a model, based on software engineering techniques, for representing the personalised health domain in an abstract and representative way? RQ2 Is it possible to build a development platform based on this model? RQ3 Does the development platform help developers create complex integrated pHealth systems? Methods As method for describing the model, the ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010 framework [25] is adopted for its generality and high level of abstraction. The model is specified in different parts: a conceptual model, which makes use of concept maps, for representing stakeholders, artefacts and shared information, and in scenarios and use cases for the representation of the functionalities of pHealth systems. The model was derived from literature analysis, including 7 industrial and scientific reports, 9 electronic standards, 10 conference proceedings papers, 37 journal papers, 25 websites and 5 books. Based on the reference model, requirements were drawn for building the development platform enriched with a set of requirements gathered in a survey run among 11 experienced engineers. For developing the platform, the continuous integration methodology [74] was adopted which allowed to perform automatic tests on a server and also to deploy packaged releases on a web site. As a validation methodology, a theory building framework for SW engineering was adopted from [181]. The framework, chosen as a guide to find evidence for justifying the research questions, imposed the creation of theories based on models and propositions to be validated within a scope. The validation of the model was conducted as an on-line survey in three validation rounds, encompassing a growing number of participants. The survey was submitted to 134 experts of the field and on some public channels like relevant mailing lists and social networks. Its objective was to assess the model's readability, its level of coverage of the domain and its potential usefulness in the design of actual, derived systems. The questionnaires included quantitative Likert scale questions and free text inputs for comments. The development platform was validated in two scopes. As a small-scale experiment, the platform was used in a 12 hours training session where 4 developers had to perform an exercise consisting in developing a set of typical pHealth use cases At the end of the session, a focus group was held to identify benefits and drawbacks of the platform. The second validation was held as a test-case study in a large scale research project called HeartCycle the aim of which was to develop a closed-loop disease management system for heart failure and coronary heart disease patients [160]. During this project three applications were developed by a team of programmers and designers. One of these applications was tested in a clinical trial with actual patients. At the end of the project, the team was interviewed in a focus group to assess the role the platform had within the project. Results For what regards the model that describes the pHealth domain, its conceptual part includes a description of the main roles and concerns of pHealth stakeholders, a model of the ICT artefacts that are commonly adopted and a model representing the typical data that need to be formalized among pHealth systems. The functional model includes a set of 18 scenarios, divided into assisted person's view, caregiver's view, developer's view, technology and services providers' view and authority's view, and a set of 52 Use Cases grouped in 6 categories: assisted person's activities, system reactions, caregiver's activities, user engagement, developer's activities and deployer's activities. For what concerns the validation of the model, a total of 65 people participated in the online survey providing their level of agreement in all the assessed dimensions and a total of 248 comments on how to improve and complete the model. Participants' background spanned from engineering and software development (70%) to medical specialities (15%), with declared interest in the fields of eHealth (24%), mHealth (16%), Ambient Assisted Living (21%), Personalized Medicine (5%), Personal Health Systems (15%), Medical Informatics (10%) and Biomedical Engineering (8%) with an average of 7.25_4.99 years of experience in these fields. From the analysis of the answers it is possible to observe that the contacted experts considered the model easily readable (average of 1.89_0.79 being 1 the most favourable scoring and 5 the worst), sufficiently abstract (1.99_0.88) and formal (2.13_0.77) for its purpose, with a sufficient coverage of the domain (2.26_0.95), useful for describing the domain (2.02_0.7) and for generating more specific systems (2_0.75) and they reported a partial interest in using the model in their job (2.48_0.91). Thanks to their comments, the model was improved and enriched with concepts that were missing at the beginning, nonetheless it was not possible to prove an improvement among the iterations, due to the diversity of the participants in the three rounds. From the model, a development platform for the pHealth domain was generated called pHealth Patient Platform (pHPP). The platform includes a set of libraries, programming and deployment tools, a tutorial and a sample application. The main four modules of the architecture are: the Data Collection Engine, which allows abstracting sources of information like sensors or external services, mapping data to databases and ontologies, and allowing event-based interaction and filtering, the GUI Engine, which abstracts the user interface in a message-like interaction model, the Workow Engine, which allows programming the application's user interaction ows with graphical workows, and the Rule Engine, which gives developers a simple means for programming the application's logic in the form of \if-then" rules. After the 5 years experience of HeartCycle, partially programmed with pHPP, 5 developers were joined in a focus group to discuss the advantages and drawbacks of the platform. The view that emerged from the training course and the focus group was that the platform is well-suited to the needs of the engineers working in the field, it allowed the separation of concerns among the different specialities and it simplified some common development tasks like data management and asynchronous interaction. Nevertheless, some deficiencies were pointed out in terms of a lack of maturity of some technological choices, and for the absence of some domain-specific tools, e.g. for data processing or for health-related communication protocols. Within HeartCycle, the platform was used to develop part of the Guided Exercise system, a composition of ICT tools for the physical rehabilitation of patients who suffered from myocardial infarction. The system developed using the platform was tested in a randomized controlled clinical trial, in which 55 patients used the system for 21 weeks. The technical results of this trial showed that the system was stable and reliable. Some minor bugs were detected, but these were promptly corrected using the platform. This shows that the platform, as well as facilitating the development task, can be successfully used to produce reliable software. Conclusions The research work carried out in developing this thesis provides responses to the three three research questions that were the motivation for the work. RQ1 A model was developed representing the domain of personalised health systems, and the assessment of experts in the field was that it represents the domain accurately, with an appropriate balance between abstraction and detail. RQ2 A development platform based on the model was successfully developed. RQ3 The platform has been shown to assist developers create complex pHealth software. This was demonstrated within the scope of one large-scale project, but the generic approach adopted provides indications that it would offer benefits more widely. The results of these evaluations provide indications that both the model and the platform are good candidates for being a reference for future pHealth developments.

Multi-agent location system in wireless networks

In this paper we propose a flexible Multi-Agent Architecture together with a methodology for indoor location which allows us to locate any mobile station (MS) such as a Laptop, Smartphone, Tablet or a robotic system in an indoor environment using wireless technology. Our technology is complementary to the GPS location finder as it allows us to locate a mobile system in a specific room on a specific floor using the Wi-Fi networks. The idea is that any MS will have an agent known at a Fuzzy Location Software Agent (FLSA) with a minimum capacity processing at its disposal which collects the power received at different Access Points distributed around the floor and establish its location on a plan of the floor of the building. In order to do so it will have to communicate with the Fuzzy Location Manager Software Agent (FLMSA). The FLMSAs are local agents that form part of the management infrastructure of the Wi-Fi network of the Organization. The FLMSA implements a location estimation methodology divided into three phases (measurement, calibration and estimation) for locating mobile stations (MS). Our solution is a fingerprint-based positioning system that overcomes the problem of the relative effect of doors and walls on signal strength and is independent of the network device manufacturer. In the measurement phase, our system collects received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measurements from multiple access points. In the calibration phase, our system uses these measurements in a normalization process to create a radio map, a database of RSS patterns. Unlike traditional radio map-based methods, our methodology normalizes RSS measurements collected at different locations on a floor. In the third phase, we use Fuzzy Controllers to locate an MS on the plan of the floor of a building. Experimental results demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method. From these results it is clear that the system is highly likely to be able to locate an MS in a room or adjacent room.

Servicio ubicuo de estimulaci��n cognitiva orientado a personas con enfermedad de Parkinson

Este trabajo de investigaci��n detalla el dise��o y evaluaci��n de un servicio de e-salud cuyo objetivo es mejorar la estimulaci��n y seguimiento de personas con un trastorno cognitivo. Con este fin, se ha desarrollado un protocolo de transferencia de mensajes que facilita la provisi��n de un servicio telem��tico para personas afectadas de Parkinson, pudiendo as�� realizar estimulaci��n cognitiva personalizada, de forma ubicua, mediante un dispositivo f��cil de usar como un tablet Android. Asimismo, este servicio permite a los terapeutas adaptar y monitorizar de forma segura la terapia, v��a web, benefici��ndose as�� de una mejor calidad en el seguimiento efectivo de cada paciente. El sistema ha sido evaluado satisfactoriamente durante tres meses con 10 pacientes entre 59 y 77 a��os. La soluci��n resultante es f��cilmente integrable con otras terapias complementarias y puede ser adaptada para otros deterioros cognitivos, como el debido a la enfermedad de Alzheimer o el deterioro cognitivo leve.

Hacia "augmented home": hitos antecedentes

Una vez que el tiempo ha superado al espacio, la casa del futuro es ampliada en torno al recorrido del ipad y el smartphone evolucionado que se convierte en interfaz entre el cuerpo y la ciudad. Augmented home se entiende como el tiempo dom��stico en un sistema integrado de cuerpo e informaci��n.

La impulsividad mec��nica durante la conducci��n: definici��n y medici��n

La ponencia muestra las relaciones entre variables f��sicas de la conducci��n (aceleraciones, jerks, etc) capturadas con un smartphone y variables psicol��gicas como impulsividad, agresividad, etc.

El aprendizaje en el proyecto URBANO

Se presenta el estado actual del proyecto URBANO, que en la versi��n 8.02 es una arquitectura distribuida de componentes orientada al dise��o de aplicaciones en robots sociales. Se utiliza SOAP como mecanismo de integraci��n remota. Se han dise��ado nuevos componentes que permiten diferentes formas de aprendizaje. Por un lado, se ha dise��ado una aplicaci��n Android que posibilita la integraci��n del m��vil o tablet al control del robot. Por otro se ha desarrollado una ontolog��a que permite representar, no solo conceptos, sino el aprendizaje propiamente dicho y se suman a los ya disponibles para la sintetizaci��n y reconocimiento de voces, gesti��n de gestos de cara y brazos, generaci��n de trayectorias y navegaci��n segura, modelo de estado de ��nimo del robot y ejecuci��n de tareas definidas por el usuario mediante el lenguaje propio UPL (Urbano Programming Language).

Aprendizaje en robots sociales: El caso de Urbano

Se presenta el estado actual del proyecto URBANO, que en la versi��n 8.02 es una arquitectura distribuida de componentes orientada al dise��o de aplicaciones en robots sociales. Se utiliza SOAP como mecanismo de integraci��n remota. Se han dise��ado nuevos componentes que permiten diferentes formas de aprendizaje. Por un lado, se ha dise��ado una aplicaci��n Android que posibilita la integraci��n del m��vil o tablet al control del robot. Por otro se ha desarrollado una ontolog��a que permite representar, no solo conceptos, sino el aprendizaje propiamente dicho y se suman a los ya disponibles para la sintetizaci��n y reconocimiento de voces, gesti��n de gestos de cara y brazos, generaci��n de trayectorias y navegaci��n segura, modelo de estado de ��nimo del robot y ejecuci��n de tareas definidas por el usuario mediante el lenguaje propio UPL (Urbano Programming Language)

Case study on mobile applications UX: effect of the usage of a crosss-platform development framework

Cross-platform development frameworks for mobile applications promise important advantages in cost cuttings and easy maintenance, posing as a very good option for organizations interested in the design of mobile applications for several platforms. Given that platform conventions are especially important for the User eXperience (UX) of mobile applications, the usage of framework where the same code defines the behavior of the app in different platforms could have negative impact in the UX. The objetive of this study is comparing the cross-platform and the native approach for being able to determine if the selected development approach has any impact on the users in terms of UX. To be able to set a base line under this subject, study on cross-platform frameworks was performed to select the most appropriate one from a UX point of view. In order to achieve the objectives of this work, two development teams have developed two versions of the same application; one using framework that generates Android and iOS versions automatically, and another team developing native versions of the same application. The alternative versions for each platform have been evaluated with 37 users with a combination of a laboratory usability test and a longitudinal study. The results show that differences are minimal in the Android version, but in iOS, even if a reasonable good UX can be obtained with the usage of this framework by an UX-conscious design team, a higher level of UX can be obtained directly developing in native code.

Propuesta, implementaci��n y evaluaci��n de la biometr��a de firma en el aire como sistema de verificaci��n en tel��fonos m��viles

En esta tesis doctoral se propone una t��cnica biom��trica de verificaci��n en tel��fonos m��viles consistente en realizar una firma en el aire con la mano que sujeta el tel��fono m��vil. Los aceler��metros integrados en el dispositivo muestrean las aceleraciones del movimiento de la firma en el aire, generando tres se��ales temporales que pueden utilizarse para la verificaci��n del usuario. Se proponen varios enfoques para la implementaci��n del sistema de verificaci��n, a partir de los enfoques m��s utilizados en biometr��a de firma manuscrita: correspondencia de patrones, con variantes de los algoritmos de Needleman-Wusch (NW) y Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), modelos ocultos de Markov (HMM) y clasificador estad��stico basado en M��quinas de Vector Soporte (SVM). Al no existir bases de datos p��blicas de firmas en el aire y con el fin de evaluar los m��todos propuestos en esta tesis doctoral, se han capturado dos con distintas caracter��sticas; una con falsificaciones reales a partir del estudio de las grabaciones de usuarios aut��nticos y otra con muestras de usuarios obtenidas en diferentes sesiones a lo largo del tiempo. Utilizando estas bases de datos se han evaluado una gran cantidad de algoritmos para implementar un sistema de verificaci��n basado en firma en el aire. Esta evaluaci��n se ha realizado de acuerdo con el est��ndar ISO/IEC 19795, a��adiendo el caso de verificaci��n en mundo abierto no incluido en la norma. Adem��s, se han analizado las caracter��sticas que hacen que una firma sea suficientemente segura. Por otro lado, se ha estudiado la permanencia de las firmas en el aire a lo largo del tiempo, proponiendo distintos m��todos de actualizaci��n, basados en una adaptaci��n din��mica del patr��n, para mejorar su rendimiento. Finalmente, se ha implementado un prototipo de la t��cnica de firma en el aire para tel��fonos Android e iOS. Los resultados de esta tesis doctoral han tenido un gran impacto, generando varias publicaciones en revistas internacionales, congresos y libros. La firma en el aire ha sido nombrada tambi��n en varias revistas de divulgaci��n, portales de noticias Web y televisi��n. Adem��s, se han obtenido varios premios en competiciones de ideas innovadoras y se ha firmado un acuerdo de explotaci��n de la tecnolog��a con una empresa extranjera. ABSTRACT This thesis proposes a biometric verification technique on mobile phones consisting on making a signature in the air with the hand holding a mobile phone. The accelerometers integrated in the device capture the movement accelerations, generating three temporal signals that can be used for verification. This thesis suggests several approaches for implementing the verification system, based on the most widely used approaches in handwritten signature biometrics: template matching, with a lot of variations of the Needleman- Wusch (NW) and Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithms, Hidden Markov Models (HMM) and Supported Vector Machines (SVM). As there are no public databases of in-air signatures and with the aim of assessing the proposed methods, there have been captured two databases; one. with real falsification attempts from the study of recordings captured when genuine users made their signatures in front of a camera, and other, with samples obtained in different sessions over a long period of time. These databases have been used to evaluate a lot of algorithms in order to implement a verification system based on in-air signatures. This evaluation has been conducted according to the standard ISO/IEC 19795, adding the open-set verification scenario not included in the norm. In addition, the characteristics of a secure signature are also investigated, as well as the permanence of in-air signatures over time, proposing several updating strategies to improve its performance. Finally, a prototype of in-air signature has been developed for iOS and Android phones. The results of this thesis have achieved a high impact, publishing several articles in SCI journals, conferences and books. The in-air signature deployed in this thesis has been also referred in numerous media. Additionally, this technique has won several awards in the entrepreneurship field and also an exploitation agreement has been signed with a foreign company.

Explotaci��n de servicios de la Infraestructura de Datos Espaciales de Espa��a (IDEE) en dispositivos m��viles

En los ��ltimos a��os el n��mero de dispositivos m��viles y smartphones ha aumentado dr��sticamente, as�� como el n��mero de aplicaciones destinadas a estos. Los desarrolladores siempre se han visto frenados en la creaci��n de estas aplicaciones debido a la complejidad que supone la diversidad de sistemas operativos (Android, iOS, Windows Phone, etc), que utilizan lenguajes de programaci��n diferentes, haciendo que, para poder desarrollar una aplicaci��n que funcione en estas plataformas, en verdad haya que implementar una aplicaci��n independiente para cada una de las plataformas. Para solucionar este problema han surgido frameworks, como Appcelerator Titanium, que permiten escribir una sola vez la aplicaci��n y compilarla para las diferentes plataformas m��viles objetivo. Sin embargo, estos frameworks est��n a��n en estado muy temprano de desarrollo, por lo que no resuelven toda la problem��tica ni dan una respuesta completa a los desarrolladores. El objetivo de este Trabajo de Fin de Grado ha sido contribuir a la evoluci��n de estos frameworks mediante la creaci��n de un m��dulo para Appcelerator Titanium que permita construir de manera ��gil aplicaciones multiplataforma que hagan uso de visualizadores de informaci��n geogr��fica. Para ello se propone el desarrollo de un m��dulo de mapa con soporte para capas WMS, rutas y pol��gonos en WKT, KML y GeoJSON. Se facilitar�� adem��s que estas aplicaciones puedan acceder a capacidades del hardware como la br��jula y el GPS para realizar un seguimiento de la localizaci��n, a la vez que se hace uso de la aceleraci��n por el hardware subyacente para mejorar la velocidad y fluidez de la informaci��n visualizada en el mapa. A partir de este m��dulo se ha creado una aplicaci��n que hace uso de todas sus caracter��sticas y posteriormente se ha migrado a la plataforma Wirecloud4Tablet como componente nativo que puede integrarse con otros componentes web (widgets) mediante t��cnicas de mashup. Gracias a esto se ha podido fusionar por un lado todas las ventajas que ofrece Wirecloud para el r��pido desarrollo de aplicaciones sin necesidad de tener conocimientos de programaci��n, junto con las ventajas que ofrecen las aplicaciones nativas en cuanto a rendimiento y caracter��sticas extras. Usando los resultados de este proyecto, se pueden crear de manera ��gil aplicaciones composicionales nativas multiplataforma que hagan uso de visualizaci��n de informaci��n geogr��fica; es decir, se pueden crear aplicaciones en pocos minutos y sin conocimientos de programaci��n que pueden ejecutar diferentes componentes (como el mapa) de manera nativa en m��ltiples plataformas. Se facilita tambi��n la integraci��n de componentes nativos (como es el mapa desarrollado) con otros componentes web (widgets) en un mashup que puede visualizarse en dispositivos m��viles mediante la plataforma Wirecloud. ---ABSTRACT---In recent years the number of mobile devices and smartphones has increased dramatically as well as the number of applications targeted at them. Developers always have been slowed in the creation of these applications due to the complexity caused by the diversity of operating systems (Android, iOS, Windows Phone, etc), each of them using different programming languages, so that, in order to develop an application that works on these platforms, the developer really has to implement a different application for each platform. To solve this problem frameworks such as Appcelerator Titanium have emerged, allowing developers to write the application once and to compile it for different target mobile platforms. However, these frameworks are still in very early stage of development, so they do not solve all the difficulties nor give a complete solution to the developers. The objective of this final year dissertation is to contribute to the evolution of these frameworks by creating a module for Appcelerator Titanium that permits to nimbly build multi-platform applications that make use of geographical information visualization. To this end, the development of a map module with support for WMS layers, paths, and polygons in WKT, KML, and GeoJSON is proposed. This module will also facilitate these applications to access hardware capabilities such as GPS and compass to track the location, while it makes use of the underlying hardware acceleration to improve the speed and fluidity of the information displayed on the map. Based on this module, it has been created an application that makes use of all its features and subsequently it has been migrated to the platform Wirecloud4Tablet as a native component that can be integrated with other web components (widgets) using mashup techniques. As a result, it has been fused on one side all the advantages Wirecloud provides for fast application development without the need of programming skills, along with the advantages of native apps, such as performance and extra features. Using the results of this project, compositional platform native applications that make use of geographical information visualization can be created in an agile way; ie, in a few minutes and without having programming skills, a developer could create applications that can run different components (like the map) natively on multiple platforms. It also facilitates the integration of native components (like the map) with other web components (widgets) in a mashup that can be displayed on mobile devices through the Wirecloud platform.

Urban built environment analysis: evidence from a mobility survey in Madrid

Applications involving travel behavior from the perspective of land use are dating from the 1990s. Usually, four important components are distinguished: density, diversity and design (3D?s of Cervero and Kockelman) and accessibility (introduced by Geurs and van Wee). But there is not a general agreement on how to measure each of those 4 components. Density is used to be measured as population and employment densities, but others authors separate population density between residential and building densities. A lot of measures have been developed to estimate diversity: among others, a dissimilarity index to indicate the degree to which different land uses lie within one another?s surrounding, an entropy index to quantify the degree of balance across various land use types or proximities to commercial-retail uses. Design has been characterized by site design, and dwelling and street characteristics. Lastly, accessibility has become a frequently used concept, but its meaning on travel behavior field always refers to the ability ?to reach activities or locations by means of a travel mode?, measured as accessibility to jobs, to leisure activities, and others. Furthermore, the previous evidence is mainly based on US data or on north European countries. Therefore, this paper adds some new evidence from a Spanish perspective to the research debate. Through a Madrid smartphone-based survey, factor analysis is used to linearly combine variables into the 3D?s and accessibility dimensions of the built environment. At a first step for future investigations, land use variables will be treated to define accurately the previous 4 components.

A general framework to testing the effect of transport policy measures to achieve a modal shift: a sequental hybrid model

In order to achieve to minimize car-based trips, transport planners have been particularly interested in understanding the factors that explain modal choices. In the transport modelling literature there has been an increasing awareness that socioeconomic attributes and quantitative variables are not sufficient to characterize travelers and forecast their travel behavior. Recent studies have also recognized that users? social interactions and land use patterns influence travel behavior, especially when changes to transport systems are introduced, but links between international and Spanish perspectives are rarely deal. In this paper, factorial and path analyses through a Multiple-Indicator Multiple-Cause (MIMIC) model are used to understand and describe the relationship between the different psychological and environmental constructs with social influence and socioeconomic variables. The MIMIC model generates Latent Variables (LVs) to be incorporated sequentially into Discrete Choice Models (DCM) where the levels of service and cost attributes of travel modes are also included directly to measure the effect of the transport policies that have been introduced in Madrid during the last three years in the context of the economic crisis. The data used for this paper are collected from a two panel smartphone-based survey (n=255 and 190 respondents, respectively) of Madrid.

Win-win transport strategies: searching for sinergies

In order to achieve to minimize car-based trips, transport planners have been particularly interested in understanding the factors that explain modal choices. In the transport modelling literature there has been an increasing awareness that socioeconomic attributes and quantitative variables are not sufficient to characterize travelers and forecast their travel behavior. Recent studies have also recognized that users? social interactions and land use patterns influence travel behavior, especially when changes to transport systems are introduced, but links between international and Spanish perspectives are rarely deal. In this paper, factorial and path analyses through a Multiple-Indicator Multiple-Cause (MIMIC) model are used to understand and describe the relationship between the different psychological and environmental constructs with social influence and socioeconomic variables. The MIMIC model generates Latent Variables (LVs) to be incorporated sequentially into Discrete Choice Models (DCM) where the levels of service and cost attributes of travel modes are also included directly to measure the effect of the transport policies that have been introduced in Madrid during the last three years in the context of the economic crisis. The data used for this paper are collected from a two panel smartphone-based survey (n=255 and 190 respondents, respectively) of Madrid.