Mobile assisted language learning : prototipo de la aplicación UP2B2

La forma de consumir contenidos en Internet ha cambiado durante los últimos años. Inicialmente se empleaban webs estáticas y con contenidos pobres visualmente. Con la evolución de las redes de comunicación, esta tendencia ha variado. A día de hoy, deseamos páginas agradables, accesibles y que nos presenten temas variados. Todo esto ha cambiado la forma de crear páginas web y en todos los casos se persigue el objetivo de atraer a los usuarios. El gran auge de los smartphones y las aplicaciones móviles que invaden el mercado actual han revolucionado el mundo del estudio de los idiomas permitiendo compatibilizar los recursos punteros con el aprendizaje tradicional. La popularidad de los dispositivos móviles y de las aplicaciones ha sido el principal motivo de la realización de este proyecto. En él se realizará un análisis de las diferentes tecnologías existentes y se elegirá la mejor opción que se ajuste a nuestras necesidades para poder desarrollar un sistema que implemente el enfoque llamado Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) que supone una aproximación innovadora al aprendizaje de idiomas con la ayuda de un dispositivo móvil. En este documento se va a ofrecer una panorámica general acerca del desarrollo de aplicaciones para dispositivos móviles en el entorno del e-learning. Se estudiarán características técnicas de diferentes plataformas seleccionando la mejor opción para la implementación de un sistema que proporcione los contenidos básicos para el aprendizaje de un idioma, en este caso del inglés, de forma intuitiva y divertida. Dicho sistema permitirá al usuario mejorar su nivel de inglés mediante una interfaz web de forma dinámica y cercana empleando los recursos que ofrecen los dispositivos móviles y haciendo uso del diseño adaptativo. Este proyecto está pensado para los usuarios que dispongan de poco tiempo libre para realizar un curso de forma presencial o, mejor aún, para reforzar o repasar contenidos ya aprendidos por otros medios más tradicionales o no. La aplicación ofrece la posibilidad de que se haga uso del sistema de forma fácil y sencilla desde cualquier dispositivo móvil del que se disponga como es un smartphone, tablet o un ordenador personal, compitiendo con otros usuarios o contra uno mismo y mejorando así el nivel de partida a través de las actividades propuestas. Durante el proyecto se han comparado diversas soluciones, la mayoría de código abierto y de libre distribución que permiten desplegar servicios de almacenamiento accesibles mediante Internet. Se concluirá con un caso práctico analizando los requisitos técnicos y llevando a cabo las fases de análisis, diseño, creación de la base de datos, implementación y pruebas dentro del ciclo de vida del software. Finalmente, se migrará la aplicación con toda la información a un servidor en la nube. ABSTRACT. The way of consuming content on the Internet has changed over the past years. Initially, static websites were used with poor visual contents. Nevertheless, with the evolution of communication networks this trend has changed. Nowadays, we expect pleasant, accessible and varied topic pages and such expectations have changed the way to create web pages generally aiming at appealing and therefore, attracting users. The great boom of smartphones and mobile applications in the current market, have revolutionized the world of language learning as they make it possible to combine computing with traditional learning resources. The popularity of mobile devices and applications has been the main reason for the development of this project. Here, the different existing technologies will be examined and we will try to select the best option that adapts to our needs in order to develop a system that implements Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) that in broad terms implies an approach to language learning with the help of a mobile device. This report provides an overview of the development of applications for mobile devices in the e-learning environment. We will study the technical characteristics of different platforms and we will select the best option for the implementation of a system that provide the basic content for learning a language, in this case English, by means of an intuitive and fun method. This system will allow the user to improve their level of English with a web interface in a dynamic and close way employing the resources offered by mobile devices using the adaptive design. This project is intended for users who do not have enough free time to make a classroom course or to review contents from more traditional courses as it offers the possibility to make use of the system quickly and easily from any mobile device available such as a smartphone, a tablet or a personal computer, competing with other users or against oneself and thus improving their departing level through different activities. During the project, different solutions have been compared. Most of them, open source and free distribution that allow to deploy storage services accessible via the Internet. It will conclude with a case study analyzing the technical requirements and conducting phases of analysis, design and creation of a database, implementation and testing in the software lifecycle. Finally, the application will be migrated with all the information to a server in the cloud.

Educación Ambiental y Huella de Carbono en la asignatura de "Technologies" 3º E.S.O.

Este documento presenta el diseño de un proyecto para la asignatura de tecnología de tercero de educación secundaria obligatoria en un instituto de enseñanza bilingüe. Se perfilan una serie de tareas cíclicas que permitirán desarrollar a los alumnos una mayor comprensión sobre el uso de la energía y la importancia del medio ambiente a través de la lengua inglesa. Este ciclo de actividades organizadas en cuatro sesiones se fundamenta en la metodología del Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lengua Extranjera, AICLE. A través de esta se persigue el doble objetivo del aprendizaje de la lengua a la par que el del contenido. Para ello, las estrategias que se proponen se centran en el alumno y se apoyan en el trabajo colaborativo, la interacción entre iguales y las metodologías activas y participativas en las que son los propios estudiantes los que diseñan los contenidos y los adaptan a su estilo de aprendizaje. Aunque sin resultados concluyentes, el trabajo supone una aportación más a las propuestas de actividades cooperativas que centran el aprendizaje en las aulas AICLE. This project presents the design of a teaching sequence for the subject of technology in the third grade in a bilingual high school. A task cycle is created with the double objective of providing students with a deeper understanding about the use of energy and the importance of the environment through the English language. The series of activities were organized in four sessions, attending to Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) methodology. Throughout this double focussed objective of learning the language and the subject matter content at the same time, the strategies proposed are focused on the student and support collaborative work, peer interaction and active participatory methodologies, focussed in the students who are the real designers of the content materials based on their own learning style. Although no conclusive results are presented, this work aims to be a contribution to other cooperative task proposals as one of the main basis of CLIL methodology.

Efectos de la educación bilingüe España, propuestas de mejora y recursos didácticos relacionados con la metodología AICLE

Desde hace más de una década se vienen realizando en España enormes esfuerzos por implantar programas bilingües español-inglés en los centros educativos y es, por tanto, de gran interés conocer qué efectos ha tenido y está teniendo actualmente la implantación de dichos programas en los alumnos. Son, así pues, objetivos de este trabajo: identificar los efectos de la educación bilingüe en España, establecer propuestas de mejora frente a los problemas o insuficiencias detectadas y, por último, ofrecer una serie de propuestas relativas a la elaboración de materiales didácticos dentro del enfoque metodológico de Aprendizaje Integrado de Contenidos y Lenguas Extranjeras (AICLE). Se presentan también un banco de recursos didácticos de apoyo a uno de los bloques en los que se organiza la asignatura de Tecnología de la Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria, los resultados esperados del proyecto, una propuesta de valoración de la puesta en práctica del mismo y, como conclusión, se valoran positivamente este tipo de recursos y se propone la conveniencia de desarrollar nuevos recursos didácticos que aborden otras temáticas dentro de la Tecnología. ABSTRACT From the mid-nineties onwards great efforts have been made in Spain in order to implement bilingual education programs into primary and secondary schools. Therefore, this work’s main objectives are to identify the effects of bilingual education in Spain and to make proposals for the improvement or elimination of the identified problems and weaknesses and for creating Content and Language Integrated Learning- specific learning materials. The work also includes a teacher resource bank to support one of the blocks in which the subject of Technology in Secondary Education is organized, the expected results, an assessment plan to measure the project’s success and, as a conclusion, it is highlighted the need for creating new materials that address other thematic areas within the subject of Tecnology.

Aplicación Android para el aprendizaje de inglés nivel B2 : extensión del ILLLab

Desde el inicio de la globalización, el aprendizaje de la lengua inglesa se ha instaurado como una necesidad. Hoy en día, con la adopción del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior este lenguaje no sólo se impone como un requisito para los estudiantes sino que se exige un nivel B2, lo cual significa un esfuerzo mayor tanto como para el alumno como para el profesor a la hora de hacer de este ejercicio un hábito y lograr la evaluación continua de los mismos. Este proyecto intenta extender las funcionalidades de una aplicación existente llamada Illlab con ejercicios que se adapten al nivel B2 y permitan la interacción entre alumnos durante la realización de estos ejercicios. El objetivo de esta aplicación es el de desarrollar ejercicios extra en la aplicación Illlab que añadan complejidad para el aprendizaje de inglés de un nivel B2 y que además se puedan realizar actividades entre los alumnos. La idea es hacer una aplicación de preguntas y respuestas “multiple choice” con cuatro opciones por pregunta. El fuerte de este juego está en presentar material variado sobre uso de la lengua y además permitir el juego entre varios alumnos. La extensión de ILLLab se plantea como un proyecto para desarrollar interfaces y funcionalidades adicionales en la antigua aplicación. La principal funcionalidad que se añade es un juego de preguntas y respuestas con opciones múltiples para un nivel B2 y las interfaces responden a necesidades de intercambio y manejo de contenido por Internet mediante estándares aceptados en el mundo del aprendizaje digital tales como Common Cartridge o SCORM. Este proyecto simplemente adapta la aplicación para su uso en un entorno de evaluación de actividades en el cual el profesor tiene acceso a las actividades que realizan los alumnos de un curso para su posterior evaluación. Antiguamente ILLLab sólo contenía ejercicios que se llevaban a cabo en el dispositivo móvil por lo que el control de estas actividades no era posible. La mejora se presenta como una interfaz Common Cartridge para el manejo del contenido, una interfaz de comunicación sobre servicios web tipo REST y el manejo de base de datos mediante Hibernate que agrupa una serie de librerías Java para la persistencia de objetos de la base de datos. ABSTRACT. Since the onset of globalization, the learning of the English language has become as a necessity. Today, with the adoption of the European Higher Education Area this language is not only imposed as a requirement for students but a B2 level is required, which means a greater effort both to the student and teacher when it comes to make the learning exercise a habit and achieve continuous evaluation of students. This project aims to extend the functionality of an existing application called Illlab with an exercise that suits the B2 level and allow interaction between students while performing these exercises. The purpose of this application is to develop an additional exercise in the application Illlab that adds complexity for learning English at B2 level and also enables the interaction among students. The main idea is to make an application in multiple choices style with four options. The strength of this game is to present varied material on use of Enlgish and also allow play between two students. ILLLab extension is conceived as a project to develop interfaces and additional functionalities in the old application. The main functionalities added are a game of questions and answers with multiple choices for a B2 level and interfaces that meet information exchange requirements and content management over the Internet using standards adopted in the world of digital learning such as Common Cartridge or SCORM. This project simply adapts the application for its use in an activities evaluation environment in which the teacher has access to the activities performed by students in a course for further evaluation. The former versión of ILLLab contained only exercises that were carried out on the mobile device so that the evaluation of these activities was not possible. The improvement comes as a Common Cartridge interface for content management, a communication interface with REST web services and a database access using Hibernate which groups a number of Java libraries for object persistence in the database.

Urban microclimate and thermal comfort modelling: strategies for urban renovation

The urban microclimate plays an important role in building energy consumption and thermal comfort in outdoor spaces. Nowadays, cities need to increase energy efficiency, reduce pollutant emissions and mitigate the evident lack of sustainability. In light of this, attention has focused on the bioclimatic concepts use in the urban development. However, the speculative unsustainability of the growth model highlights the need to redirect the construction sector towards urban renovation using a bioclimatic approach. The public space plays a key role in improving the quality of today’s cities, especially in terms of providing places for citizens to meet and socialize in adequate thermal conditions. Thermal comfort affects perception of the environment, so microclimate conditions can be decisive for the success or failure of outdoor urban spaces and the activities held in them. For these reasons, the main focus of this work is on the definition of bioclimatic strategies for existing urban spaces, based on morpho-typological components, urban microclimate conditions and comfort requirements for all kinds of citizens. Two case studies were selected in Madrid, in a social housing neighbourhood constructed in the 1970s based on Rational Architecture style. Several renovation scenarios were performed using a computer simulation process based in ENVI-met and diverse microclimate conditions were compared. In addition, thermal comfort evaluation was carried out using the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) in order to investigate the relationship between microclimate conditions and thermal comfort perception. This paper introduces the microclimate computer simulation process as a valuable support for decision-making for neighbourhood renovation projects in order to provide new and better solutions according to the thermal quality of public spaces and reducing energy consumption by creating and selecting better microclimate areas.

Fostering English-taught higher education programs in a Spanish university: the "TechEnglish" innovative project

In recent years, coinciding with adjustments to the Bologna process, many European universities have attempted to improve their international profile by increasing course offerings in English. According to the Institute of International Education (IIE), Spain has notably increased its English-taught higher education programs, ranking fifth in the list of European countries by number of English-taught Master's programs in 2013. This article presents the goals and preliminary results of an on-going innovative education project (TechEnglish) that aims to promote course offerings in English at the Technical University of Madrid (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, UPM). The UPM is the oldest and largest of all Technical Universities in Spain. It offers graduate and postgraduate programs that cover all the engineering disciplines as well as architecture. Currently, the UPM has no specific bilingual/multilingual program to promote teaching in English, although there is an Educational Model Whitepaper (with a focus on undergraduate degrees) that promotes the development of activities like an International Semester or a unique shared curriculum. The TechEnglish project is an attempt to foster courses taught in English at 7 UPM Technical Schools, including students and 80 faculty members. Four tasks were identified: (1) to design a university wide framework to increase course offerings, (2) to identify administrative difficulties, (3) to increase visibility of courses offered, and (4) to disseminate the results of the project. First, to design a program we analyzed existing programs at other Spanish universities, and other projects and efforts already under way at the UPM. A total of 13 plans were analyzed and classified according to their relation with students (learning), professors (teaching), administration, course offerings, other actors/institutions within the university (e.g., language departments), funds and projects, dissemination activities, mobility plans and quality control. Second, to begin to identify administrative and organizational difficulties in the implementation of teaching in English, we first estimated the current and potential course offerings at the undergraduate level at the UPM using a survey (student, teacher and administrative demand, level of English and willingness to work in English). Third, to make the course offerings more attractive for both Spanish and international students we examined the way the most prestigious universities in Spain and in Europe try to improve the visibility of their academic offerings in English. Finally, to disseminate the results of the project we created a web page and a workspace on the Moodle education platform and prepared conferences and workshops within the UPM. Preliminary results show that increasing course offerings in English is an important step to promote the internationalization of the University. The main difficulties identified at the UPM were related to how to acknowledge/certify the departments, teachers or students involved in English courses, how students should register for the courses, how departments should split and schedule the courses (Spanish and English), and the lack of qualified personnel. A concerted effort could be made to increase the visibility of English-taught programs offered on-line.