Nonlinear models for lateral dynamics of railway vehicles on bridges subject to wind action

The study of lateral dynamics of running trains on bridges is of importance mainly for the safety of the traffic, and may be relevant for laterally compliant bridges. These studies require threedimensional coupled vehicle-bridge models, wheree consideration of wheel to rail contact is a key aspect. Furthermore, an adequate evaluation of safety of rail traffic requires nonlinear models. A nonlinear coupled model is proposed here for vehicle-structure vertical and lateral dynamics. Vehicles are considered as fully three-dimensional multibody systems including gyroscopic terms and large rotation effects. The bridge structure is modeled by means of finite elements which may be of beam, shell or continuum type and may include geometric or material nonlinearities. The track geometry includes distributed track alignment irregularities. Both subsystems (bridge and vehicles) are described with coordinates in absolute reference frames, as opposed to alternative approaches which describe the multibody system with coordinates relative to the base bridge motion. The wheelrail contact employed is a semi-Hertzian model based on realistic wheel-rail profiles. It allows a detailed geometrical description of the contact patch under each wheel including multiple-point contact, flange contact and uplift. Normal and tangential stresses in each contact are integrated at each time-step to obtain the resultant contact forces. The models have been implemented within an existing finite element analysis software with multibody capabilities, Abaqus (Simulia Ltd., 2010). Further details of the model are presented in Antolín et al. (2012). Representative applications are presented for railway vehicles under lateral wind action on laterally compliant viaducts, showing the relevance of the nonlinear wheel-rail contact model as well as the interaction between bridge and vehicle.

Lateral Dynamic Models for High-Speed Railway Bridges and Vehicles

The analysis of the running safety of railway vehicles on viaducts subject to strong lateral actions such as cross winds requires coupled nonlinear vehicle-bridge interaction models, capable to study extreme events. In this paper original models developed by the authors are described, based on finite elements for the structure, multibody and finite element models for the vehicle, and specially developed interaction elements for the interface between wheel and rail. The models have been implemented within ABAQUS and have full nonlinear capabilities for the structure, the vehicle and the contact interface. An application is developed for the Ulla Viaduct, a 105 m tall arch in the Spanish high-speed railway network. The dynamic analyses allow obtaining critical wind curves, which define the running safety conditions for a given train in terms of speed of circulation and wind speed

Aplicación de la tecnología GPS para la cuantificación del proceso de readaptación de una lesión de ligamento lateral externo de tobillo: estudio de un caso

GPS y readaptación

Optimización de las superestructuras de autobuses y autocares sometidos al vuelco lateral

En la presente tesis, como en todo proceso de optimization, se ha llevado a cabo un análisis previo de los factores determinantes del problema. Para ello, en primer lugar, se ha puesto a punto un proceso teórico-experimental de verificación de la resistencia de las superestructuras de autobuses y autocares sometidas a vuelco lateral. A partir de la definición de dicho proceso, se ha utilizado el mismo para obtener determinados criterios de diseño que permitan mejorar la relación resistencia/peso de cada estructura. Por último, en base a la experiencia adquirida en la elaboración del proceso de verificación, se han planteado posibles enmiendas y aclaraciones que debieran reflejarse en el Reglamento 66. Este desarrollo ha permitido extraer conclusiones relativas a cada uno de los tres aspectos mencionados: proceso de verificación, criterios de diseño y posibles enmiendas, o rectificaciones, aplicables al Rgto

Minimum volume of long liquid bridges between noncoaxial, nonequal diameter circular disks under lateral acceleration

The stability limit of minimum volume and the breaking dynamics of liquid bridges between nonequal, noncoaxial, circular supporting disks subject to a lateral acceleration were experimentally analyzed by working with liquid bridges of very small dimensions. Experimental results are compared with asymptotic theoretical predictions, with the agreement between experimental results and asymptotic ones being satisfactory