Consulta on-line basada en corpus de construcciones con preposición en el texto técnico en inglés y su traducción al español

Basándonos en la recopilación inicial de preposiciones, locuciones preposicionales, términos con preposición dependiente y phrasal verbs utilizados en el texto técnico realizada en otros proyectos anteriores del Departamento de Lingüística Aplicada a la Ciencia y a la Tecnología, el objetivo de este trabajo es completar, organizar, actualizar y dar visibilidad a esta información inicial. Tras realizar un proceso exhaustivo de verificación, unificación, clasificación y ampliación de la información existente, en caso necesario, el listado resultante se utiliza para elaborar un glosario de términos con preposición. El objetivo final de este proyecto es que este glosario esté a disposición de los usuarios, a través de una consulta on-line, en la página del ILLLab (http://illlab.euitt.upm.es/wordpress/), dependiente del Departamento de Lingüística Aplicada a la Ciencia y a la Tecnología. Para incluir en el glosario ejemplos actualizados de textos técnicos, se ha recopilado un corpus lingüístico de textos técnicos, tomando como base diferentes números de la revista IEEE Spectrum, en su edición digital, publicados entre los años 2009 y 2012. El objetivo de esta recopilación es la de ofrecer al consultante diferentes ejemplos de uso en el texto técnico de los distintos términos con preposición que componen el glosario, de manera que pueda acceder de manera rápida y sencilla a ejemplos de uso real de los términos que está buscando, con objeto de clarificar aspectos relacionados con su uso o, en su caso, facilitar su aprendizaje. Toda esta información, tanto el listado de términos con preposición como las frases pertenecientes al corpus recopilado, se incorpora a una base de datos, alojada dentro de la misma página web del ILLLab. A través de un formulario de consulta, a disposición del usuario en dicha página, se pueden obtener todos los términos recopilados que coincidan con los criterios de búsqueda introducidos. El usuario puede realizar dos tipos de búsqueda principales: por preposición o por término completo. Además, puede elegir una búsqueda global (entre todos los términos que integran el glosario) o parcial (en una sola de las categorías en las que se han dividido los diferentes términos, de acuerdo con su función gramatical). Por último, se presentan unas estadísticas de uso de los términos recopilados dentro de los diferentes textos que integran el corpus lingüístico, de manera que pueda establecerse una relación de los que aparecen con más frecuencia en el texto técnico. ABSTRACT. Based on the initial collection of prepositions, prepositional phrases, dependent prepositions and phrasal verbs used in technical texts collected on previous projects in the Department of Applied Linguistics to Science and Technology, the aim of this project is to improve, organize, update and provide visibility to this initial information. Following a process of verification, unification, classification and extension of existing information, if necessary, a glossary of terms with preposition is built. The ultimate objective of this project is to make this glossary available to users through an online consultation in the ILLLab webpage (http://illlab.euitt.upm.es/wordpress/). The administration of tis webpage depends of the Department of Applied Linguistics in Science and Technology. A linguistic corpus of technical texts has been compiled, based on different numbers of the IEEE Spectrum magazine, in its online edition, published between the years 2009 and 2012. The aim of this collection is to provide different examples of use in the technical text for the terms included in the glossary, so that examples of the actual use of the terms consulted can be easily and quickly accessed, in order to clarify doubts regarding their meaning or translation into Spanish and facilitate learning. All this information, both the list of terms with prepositional phrases as well as the corpus developed, is incorporated in a database. Through a searching form, the ILLLab's user may obtain all the terms matching the search criteria entered. The user can perform two types of main search: by preposition or by full term. Additionally, a global search can be selected (including all terms included in the glossary) or a partial one (including only one of the glossary's categories). Finally, some statistics of use are presented according to the various texts included in the corpus, so a relation of the most frequent prepositions in the technical text can be established.

Characterization of a 90° Transfer Point in a Fruit Packing Line.

Characteristics of the impacts suffered by the fruit on a transfer point of an experimental fruit packing line were analysed. The transfer is made up by two transporting belts at different heights forming an angle of 90°. These transfer points are very common in fruit packing lines, in which fruits receive two impacts: the first onto the belt base and the second into the lateral plate. Different tests were earned out to study the effect of transfer height, velocity, belt structure and padding on tire acceleration values recorded by an instrumental sphere (IS 100). Results showed that transfer height and belt structure affect mainly impact values on the belt base, and padding affects mainly impact values registered in lateral impact. The effect of belt velocity in both impacts is less important when compared to the rest of the variables. Additionally, two powered transfer decelerators were tested at the same point with the aim of decreasing impacts suffered by the fruit. Comparing impacts registered using these decelerators to those analysed in the first part of the study without decelerators a high reduction of the impact values was observed.

Lateral impact sensor for measuring firmness of fruits in an experimental packing line.

Different parameters are used to quantify the maturity of fruits at or near harvest (shape, color, flesh texture and internal composition). Flesh firmness is a critical handling parameter for fruits such as peach, pear and apple. Results of previous studies conducted by different researchers have shown that impact techniques can be used to evaluate firmness of fruits. A prototype impact system for firmness sorting of fruits was developed by Chen and Ruiz-Altisent (Chen et al, 1996). This sensor was mounted and tested successfully on a 3 m section of a commercial conveyor belt (Chen et al, 1998). This is a further development of the on-line impact system for firmness sorting of fruits. The design of the sensor has been improved and it has been mounted on a experimental fruit packing line (Ortiz-Cañavate et al 1999).

Determination of firmness in a fruit packing line using a non destructive impact sensor.

The increasing of quality fruit demanded by the consumers is originating an advance in the development and application of sensors capable of measuring parameters of quality (sugar, acids, firmness, etc) on a non destructive way. Some of these sensors are already operative for their use in laboratory and even in lines. The Physical Properties laboratory of the Polytechnic University of Madrid, is developing different sensors for their implementation in lines. One of them is a non destructive impact sensor to measure fruit firmness.

On-line MRI sequences for the evaluation of apple internal quality.

On-line dynamic MRI, which is oriented to industrial grading lines, requires high-speed sequences with motion correction artefacts. In this study two different types of motion correction sequences have been used and have been implemented in real-time (FLASH and UFLARE). They are based on T2* and T2 respectively and their selection depends on the expected contrast effect of the disorder: while watercore enhances bright areas due to higher fluid mobility, internal breakdown potentiates low signal due to texture degradation. For watercore study, five different apple cultivars were used (Normanda-18-, Fuji-35-, Helada-36-, Verde Doncella-54-, Esperiega-75-) along two seasons (2011 and 2012). In total 218 fruits were measured under both, static conditions (20 slices per fruit) and under dynamic conditions (3 repetitions without slice selection). For internal breakdown, Braeburn cultivar has been studied (in total 106 fruits) under both static (20 slices per fruit) and dynamic conditions (3 replicates with slice selection). Metrological aspects such as repeatability of dynamic images and subsequent histogram feature stability become of major interest for further industrial application. Segregation ability among varying degrees of disorder is also analyzed.

Model Based On-Line Energy Prediction System for Semi-Autonomous Mobile Robots

Maximizing energy autonomy is a consistent challenge when deploying mobile robots in ionizing radiation or other hazardous environments. Having a reliable robot system is essential for successful execution of missions and to avoid manual recovery of the robots in environments that are harmful to human beings. For deployment of robots missions at short notice, the ability to know beforehand the energy required for performing the task is essential. This paper presents a on-line method for predicting energy requirements based on the pre-determined power models for a mobile robot. A small mobile robot, Khepera III is used for the experimental study and the results are promising with high prediction accuracy. The applications of the energy prediction models in energy optimization and simulations are also discussed along with examples of significant energy savings.

On-line learning of a fuzzy controller for a precise vehicle cruise control system

Usually, vehicle applications require the use of artificial intelligent techniques to implement control methods, due to noise provided by sensors or the impossibility of full knowledge about dynamics of the vehicle (engine state, wheel pressure or occupiers weight). This work presents a method to on-line evolve a fuzzy controller for commanding vehicles? pedals at low speeds; in this scenario, the slightest alteration in the vehicle or road conditions can vary controller?s behavior in a non predictable way. The proposal adapts singletons positions in real time, and trapezoids used to codify the input variables are modified according with historical data. Experimentation in both simulated and real vehicles are provided to show how fast and precise the method is, even compared with a human driver or using different vehicles.

Tratamiento de imágenes de mineral acarreado post-voladura. Análisis de curvas granulométricas y comparativa mediante sistemasplit on-line y Split desktop: automático y manual

En este proyecto se han analizado distintas imágenes de fragmentos de rocas de distintas granulometrías correspondientes a una serie de voladuras de una misma cantera. Cada una de las voladuras se componen de 20 imágenes. A posteriori utilizando el programa Split Desktop en su versión 3.1, se delimitaron los fragmentos de roca de los que está compuesta la imagen, obteniéndose posteriormente la curva granulométrica correspondiente a dicha imagen. Una vez se calculan las curvas granulométricas correspondientes a cada imagen, se calcula la curva media de todas ellas, pudiéndose considerar por tanto la curva media de cada voladura. Se han utilizado las distintas soluciones del software, manual, online y automático, para realizar los análisis de dichas imágenes y a posteriori comparar sus resultados. Dichos resultados se muestran a través de una serie de gráficos y tablas que se explican con detalle para la comprensión del estudio. De dichos resultados es posible afirmar que, el tratamiento de imágenes realizado de manera online y automático por Split, desemboca en el mismo resultado, al no haber una diferencia estadística significativa. Por el contrario, el sistema manual es diferente de los otros dos, no pudiéndose afirmar cual es mejor de los dos. El manual depende del operario que trabaje las imágenes y el online de los ajustes realizados y por tanto, ambos tienen ciertas incertidumbres difíciles de solucionar. Abstract In this project, different images of rock fragments of different grain sizes corresponding to a series of blasts from the same quarry have been analyzed. To study each blast, 20 images has been used and studied with the software Split Desktop 3.1. Rock fragments from each image has been delimitated with the software, obtaining a grading curve of each one. Once these curves are calculated, the mean curve of these data set is obtained and can be considered the mean curve of each blast. Different software solutions as manual, online and automatic, has been used for the analysis of these images. Then the results has been compared between them. These results are shown through a series of graphs and tables, that are explained in detail, to enhance the understanding of the study. From these results, it can be said that the image processing with online and automatic options from Split, leads to the same result, after an statistical study. On the contrary, the manual Split mode is different from the others; however is not possible to assert what will be the best. The manual Split mode depends on the operator ability and dedication, although the online mode depends on the software settings, so therefore, both have some uncertainties that are difficult to solve.

Diseño y evaluación de un procedimiento on-line para la biorremediación de aguas radiactivas en centrales nucleares

Recientemente se ha demostrado la existencia de microorganismos en las piscinas de almacenamiento de combustible nuclear gastado en las centrales nucleares utilizando técnicas convencionales de cultivo en el laboratorio. Estudios posteriores han puesto de manifiesto que los microorganismos presentes eran capaces de colonizar las paredes de acero inoxidable de las piscinas formando biopelículas. Adicionalmente se ha observado la capacidad de estas biopelículas de retener radionúclidos, lo que hace pensar en la posibilidad de utilizarlas en la descontaminación de las aguas radiactivas de las piscinas. En la presente tesis se plantea conocer más profundamente la biodiversidad microbiana de las biopelículas utilizando técnicas de biología molecular como la clonación, además de desarrollar un sistema de descontaminación a escala piloto con el objetivo de valorar si el proceso podría resultar escalable a nivel industrial. Para ello se diseñaron y fabricaron dos biorreactores en acero inoxidable compatibles con las condiciones específicas de seguridad sísmica y protección frente a la radiación en la zona controlada de una central nuclear. Los biorreactores se instalaron en la Central Nuclear de Cofrentes (Valencia) en las proximidades de las piscinas de almacenamiento de combustible nuclear gastado y precediendo a las resinas de intercambio iónico, de forma que reciben el agua de las piscinas permitiendo el análisis in situ de la radiación eliminada del agua de las mismas. Se conectó una lámpara de luz ultravioleta a uno de los biorreactores para poder comparar el desarrollo de bipelículas y la retención de radiactividad en ambas condiciones. En estos biorreactores se introdujeron ovillos de acero inoxidable y de titanio que se extrajeron a diversos tiempos, hasta 635 días para los ovillos de acero inoxidable y hasta 309 días para los ovillos de titanio. Se analizaron las biopelículas desarrolladas sobre los ovillos por microscopía electrónica de barrido y por microscopía de epifluorescencia. Se extrajo el ADN de las biopelículas y, tras su clonación, se identificaron los microorganismos por técnicas independientes de cultivo. Asimismo se determinó por espectrometría gamma la capacidad de las biopelículas para retener radionúclidos. Los microorganismos radiorresistentes identificados pertenecen a los grupos filogenéticos Alpha-proteobacteria, Gamma-proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus y Bacteroidetes. Las secuencias de estos microorganismos se han depositado en el GenBank con los números de acceso KR817260-KR817405. Se ha observado una distribución porcentual ligeramente diferente en relación con el tipo de biorreactor. Las biopelículas han retenido fundamentalmente radionúclidos de activación. La suma de Co-60 y Mn-54 ha llegado en ocasiones al 97%. Otros radionúclidos retenidos han sido Cr-51, Co-58, Fe-59, Zn-65 y Zr-95. Se sugiere un mecanismo del proceso de retención de radionúclidos relacionado con el tiempo de formación y desaparición de las biopelículas. Se ha valorado que el proceso escalable puede ser económicamente rentable. ABSTRACT The existence of microorganisms in spent nuclear fuel pools has been demonstrated recently in nuclear power plants by using conventional microbial techniques. Subsequent studies have revealed that those microorganisms were able to colonize the stainless steel pool walls forming biofilms. Additionally, it has been observed the ability of these biofilms to retain radionuclides, which suggests the possibility of using them for radioactive water decontamination purposes. This thesis presents deeper knowledge of microbial biofilms biodiversity by using molecular biology techniques such as cloning, and develops a decontamination system on a pilot scale, in order to assess whether the process could be scalable to an industrial level. Aiming to demonstrate this was feasible, two stainless steel bioreactors were designed and manufactured, both were compatible with seismic and radiation protection standards in the controlled zone of a nuclear plant. These bioreactors were installed in the Cofrentes Nuclear Power Plant (Valencia) next to the spent nuclear fuel pools and preceding (upstream) ion exchange resins. This configuration allowed the bioreactors to receive water directly from the pools allowing in situ analysis of radiation removal. One ultraviolet lamp was connected to one of the bioreactors to compare biofilms development and radioactivity retention in both conditions. Stainless steel and titanium balls were introduced into these bioreactors and were removed after different time periods, up to 635 days for stainless steel balls and up to 309 days for titanium. Biofilms developed on the balls were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and epifluorescence microscopy. DNA was extracted from the biofilms, was cloned and then the microorganisms were identified by independent culture techniques. Biofilms ability to retain radionuclides was also determined by gamma spectrometry. The identified radioresistant organisms belong to the phylogenetic groups Alphaproteobacteria, Gamma-proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus and Bacteroidetes. The sequences of these microorganisms have been deposited in GenBank (access numbers KR817260-KR817405). A different distribution of microorganisms was observed in relation to the type of bioreactor. Biofilms have essentially retained activation radionuclides. Sometimes the sum of Co-60 and Mn-54 reached 97%. Cr-51, Co-58, Fe-59, Zn-65 and Zr-95 have also been retained. A radionuclide retention process mechanism related to biofilms formation and disappearance time is suggested. It has been assessed that the scalable process can be economically profitable.

Development of a Dashboard for Sentiment Analysis of Football in Twitter based on Web Components and D3.js

This thesis is the result of a project whose objective has been to develop and deploy a dashboard for sentiment analysis of football in Twitter based on web components and D3.js. To do so, a visualisation server has been developed in order to present the data obtained from Twitter and analysed with Senpy. This visualisation server has been developed with Polymer web components and D3.js. Data mining has been done with a pipeline between Twitter, Senpy and ElasticSearch. Luigi have been used in this process because helps building complex pipelines of batch jobs, so it has analysed all tweets and stored them in ElasticSearch. To continue, D3.js has been used to create interactive widgets that make data easily accessible, this widgets will allow the user to interact with them and �filter the most interesting data for him. Polymer web components have been used to make this dashboard according to Google's material design and be able to show dynamic data in widgets. As a result, this project will allow an extensive analysis of the social network, pointing out the influence of players and teams and the emotions and sentiments that emerge in a lapse of time.