An annotated bibliography on detached breakwaters and artificial headlands /

Includes indexes.

Beach changes at Long Beach Island, New Jersey, 1962-73 /

Beach profile line data collected from 32 profile sites along Long Beach Island, New Jersey. A total of 2,158 profile line surveys were examined, using empirical eigenfunction analysis and other measures of beach variability. Most profile lines have shown an accretionary trend since 1962 with rates between 2.3 and 0.24 meter per year in spite of erosion estimates due to sea level rise on the order of 0.68 meter per year. A great deal of variability in profile line change takes place along the beach, increasing from north to south, due to the location of profile lines relative to structures and offshore linear shoals. Detailed closely spaced profile lines taken over a year in a groin field near the north end of the island indicate littoral transport directions shift from north to south. Evidence of a littoral transport node near the north end of the groin field has been found. Net transport of the node is toward the south, but the rate could not be established due to lack of adequate wave data. Profile line variability within groin cells shows that single profile lines are not sufficient to determine the net change within a cell. The design of future beach monitoring studies should consider coastal structures, offshore bathymetry, the method of analysis, and the scales of processes under study. A coastal storm in November 1968 moved the MSL back as much as 22 meters; however, the beach recovered without artificial measures. The offshore bathymetry shows a series of shoreface-connected linear shoals at several locations along the island. Limited data show that these have remained stable and that most beach variability takes place in water shallower than 3 meters.

Analysis of coastal sediment transport processes from Wrightsville Beach to Fort Fisher, North Carolina /

A comprehensive engineering analysis of the coastal sediment transport processes along a 42-kilometer segment of the North Carolina shoreline from Wrightsville Beach to Fort Fisher is presented. Included in the analysis is an interpretation of the littoral processes, longshore transport, and the behavior and success of beach nourishment projects at Wrightsville Beach and Carolina Beach, North Carolina. The historical position of the MLW, MSL, and MHW contours, relative to a fixed base line, is plotted for the period between 1964 and 1975. An equivalent volumetric erosion or accretion between successive surveys is determined by multiplying the average excursion distance of the contours by a constant of proportionality. The plots of excursion distance versus time for the MLW, MSL, and MHW contours also show the time response of the beach fills. This response is described by a mathematical function. The alongshore components of wave-induced energy flux are also determined within the study area through wave refraction analysis. This information, together with the information on volumetric change, is used in a sediment budget analysis to determine the coefficient of alongshore sediment transport and the inlet trapping characteristics. (Author).

Benthic fauna of an offshore borrow area in Broward County, Florida /

Benthic fauna from two stations within a 5-year-old borrow area and two control stations off Hillsboro Beach (Broward County), Florida, were sampled quarterly from June 1977 to March 1978 to evaluate the long-term impact of offshore dredging. Generally enhanced productivities occurred within the borrow area, although there was much seasonal variation among stations. Species diversities were usually higher at the borrow stations than at the control stations. The single exception was due to a high concentration of the bivalve E. nitens at one of the control stations in June. Although faunal similarity analysis revealed a qualitative change in the fauna of the borrow area, this change is not considered detrimental. Conspicuous patterns of heterogeneous faunal distributions were evident in this study, particularly for the bivalve E. nitens. No lasting detrimental effects, in terms of numbers of species, faunal densities, or species diversity, resulted from the dredging operation. (Author).

Benthic community response to dredging borrow pits, Panama City Beach, Florida /

This report gives biological and physical oceanographic data from baseline work, and studies of dredged and undredged sediments before and after dredging (9-meter contour) for beach nourishment at Panama City Beach, Florida. These studies were designed to show major short-term environmental effects of offshore dredging and included analyses of hydrology, sediments, and benthos. (Author).

Long-term changes in beach fauna at Duck, North Carolina /

Long-term changes in the beach fauna at Duck, North Carolina, were investigated. Twenty-one stations located on three transects on the oceanside and twenty-four stations located on three transects on the sound side were sampled seasonally from November 1980 to July 1981. The data collected in this study were compared to a previous study conducted in 1976 (Matta, 1977) to investigate the potential effects of the construction of the CERC Field Research Facility pier on the adjacent beaches. No effects on the benthic fauna were found. Changes observed in the benthic macrofauna on the ocean beaches were well within the range attributable to the natural variation of an open coast system. The ocean beach macrofauna was observed to form a single community migrating on an off the beach with the seasons. On the sound beaches, changes were detected in the benthic macrofauna; however, these were attributed to a salinity increase during the 1981 sampling year. (Author).

Effects of beach nourishment on the nearshore environment in Lake Huron at Lexington Harbor (Michigan) /

In October 1980 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers conducted a beach nourishment project at the Lexington (Michigan) Harbor on the southwest shore of Lake Huron, a project designed to mitigate beach erosion attributable to the installation of the harbor. In response to a request from the Coastal Engineering Research Center (CERC), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Great Lakes Fishery Laboratory conducted a Corps-funded study from June 1980 to October 1981 along a 8.4-kilometer segment of shoreline adjacent to the harbor to determine the effect of the Corps' beach nourishment project on the nearshore aquatic environment. The study performed by the service included aerial photographic surveys of the study area; measurement of dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and suspended particulate matter levels; and collection of lake bottom sediments, macrozoobenthos and fish. Analysis of the aerial photographs showed that the beach face profile changed markedly during the study as a result of beach nourishment. Dredging of about 19,000 cubic meters of beach sediment from an accretion area adjacent to the harbor's north breakwater caused the beach face to recede, while deposition of this sediment on a feeder beach south of the harbor caused the beach face there to extend lakeward.

"Swift and effective retribution" : the U.S. Sixth Fleet and the confrontation with Qaddafi /

Shipping list no.: 97-0159-P.

Livestock grazing management and water quality protection : (state of the art reference document) /

Mode of access: Internet.

Occupational exposure to chloroprene.

Mode of access: Internet.

Occupational exposure to acetylene.

Mode of access: Internet.

Revised recommended asbestos standard.

Mode of access: Internet.

Occupational exposure to refined petroleum solvents.

Issued July 1977.

A guide to the work-relatedness of disease /

Includes bibliographical references.

Environmental exposure to airborne contaminants in the nickel industry, 1976-1977 /

Mode of access: Internet.