I partiti politici e Il Partito operaio /

Mode of access: Internet.

A függetlenségi párt.

Mode of access: Internet.

Mi profesión de fe : conferencia leída en el Club Vida Nueva la noche del 4 de Mayo de 1906 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Organizations, dangerous to free institutions: the address, at Burlington college, July 4, 1855; the seventy-ninth anniversary of American independence, and the ninth anniversary of the founding of Burlington College:

Mode of access: Internet.

Histoire politique de la révolution française; origines et développement de la démocratie et de la république (1789-1804)

Mode of access: Internet.

Die neuen parteiprogramme mit den letzten der alten parteien zusammengestellt,

"Register" on p. [3] of cover.

Kenseitō tōhō.

Mode of access: Internet.

"Rozvaha" iljustrovanyj kaljendar na r.r. 1916 i 1917. (Kaljendar na rik 1916 na počatku knyžky, na 1917 na kincji knyžky). Pamjatna knyžka polonenych Ukrajincjiv.

Mode of access: Internet.

Party government in the United States,

Mode of access: Internet.

Seitōron /

Cover title.

The life and work of Richard John Seddon, premier of New Zealand, 1893-1906. With a history of the Liberal party in New Zealand.

Mode of access: Internet.

Union des catholiques et des libéraux /

Mode of access: Internet.

Mixed-Member Electoral Systems in Constitutional Context : Taiwan, Japan, and Beyond /

After the electoral reform in 1994, Japan saw a gradual evolution from a multi-party system toward a two-party system over the course of five House of Representatives election cycles. In contrast, after Taiwan’s constitutional amendment in 2005, a two-party system emerged in the first post-reform legislative election in 2008. Critically, however, Taiwan’s president is directly elected while Japan’s prime minister is indirectly elected. The contributors conclude that the higher the payoffs of holding the executive office and the greater degree of cross-district coordination required to win it, the stronger the incentives for elites to form and stay in the major parties. In such a context, a country will move rapidly toward a two-party system. In Part II, the contributors apply this theoretical logic to other countries with mixed-member systems to demonstrate its generality. They find the effect of executive competition on legislative electoral rules in countries as disparate as Thailand, the Philippines, New Zealand, Bolivia, and Russia. The findings presented in this book have important implications for political reform. Often, reformers are motivated by high hopes of solving some political problems and enhancing the quality of democracy. But, as this group of scholars demonstrates, electoral reform alone is not a panacea. Whether and to what extent it achieves the advocated goals depends not only on the specification of new electoral rules per se but also on the political context—and especially the constitutional framework—within which such rules are embedded.

Desorganisace mladočeské strany ; Organisujeme se ku práci! /

Cover title

The presidential campaign of 1832,

Published also as Johns Hopkins university studies in historical and political science, ser. XL, no. 1.