Avaliação do potencial erosivo de três bebidas de consumo nacional, no esmalte humano: estudo in vitro

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde Egas Moniz

Projeto de Investimento

Angola encontra-se em processo de restruturação e de desenvolvimento a nível económico e financeiro. A opção pelo investimento em Angola surgiu com as oportunidades de negócio que o país apresenta e também pela necessidade de descentralização do setor da restauração. Após efetuar uma pequena análise do mercado angolano, foi elaborado o projeto “Sweet Art” que está associado ao mercado da indústria alimentar e o mesmo orienta as respetivas propostas de valor para o conjunto de indivíduos e famílias que compram bens e serviços para o consumo próprio. O objetivo principal desse trabalho consiste na elaboração de um plano de negócios viável para a abertura de uma pastelaria em Angola, na província de Luanda - bairro do Talatona, com oferta de doces, salgados, gelados de frutos naturais e secos e também sumos e batidos naturais. Por sua vez, os seus objetivos específicos compreendem a: descrição da ideia; a composição de um plano estratégico, para um melhor estudo do meio envolvente; constituição de um plano operacional de marketing (marketing mix); o plano de operações; plano de pessoal; e um plano financeiro para analisar a sua viabilidade económica e financeira. Na primeira etapa do trabalho foi abordada a componente conceptual e, em seguida, foi apresentado o plano de negócios em si, que terá uma duração estimada de cinco anos, sendo que no terceiro ano se verifica o retorno do investimento. Após elaborado o plano de negócios foi possível concluir que o empreendimento Sweet Art é viável económica e financeiramente.

Inequities in energy-balance related behaviours and family environmental determinants in European children: baseline results of the prospective EPHE evaluation study

BACKGROUND:Tackling inequalities in overweight, obesity and related determinants has become a top priority for the European research and policy agendas. Although it has been established that such inequalities accumulate from early childhood onward, they have not been studied extensively in children. The current article discusses the results of an explorative analysis for the identification of inequalities in behaviours and their determinants between groups with high and low socio-economic status. METHODS: This study is part of the Epode for the Promotion of Health Equity (EPHE) evaluation study, the overall aim of which is to assess the impact and sustainability of EPODE methodology to diminish inequalities in childhood obesity and overweight. Seven community-based programmes from different European countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Greece, Portugal, Romania, The Netherlands) participate in the EPHE study. In each of the communities, children aged 6-8 years participated, resulting in a total sample of 1266 children and their families. A parental self-administrated questionnaire was disseminated in order to assess the socio-economic status of the household, selected energy balance-related behaviours (1. fruit and vegetable consumption; 2. soft drink/ fruit juices and water consumption; 3. screen time and 4. sleep duration) of the children and associated family environmental determinants. The Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson's chi-square test were used to test differences between the low and high education groups. The country-specific median was chosen as the cut-off point to determine the educational level, given the different average educational level in every country. RESULTS: Children with mothers of relatively high educational level consumed fruits and vegetables more frequently than their peers of low socio-economic status. The latter group of children had a higher intake of fruit juices and/or soft drinks and had higher screen time. Parental rules and home availability were consistently different between the two socio-economic groups in our study in all countries. However we did not find a common pattern for all behaviours and the variability across the countries was large. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are indicative of socio-economic inequalities in our samples, although the variability across the countries was large. The effectiveness of interventions aimed at chancing parental rules and behaviour on health inequalities should be studied.

Beverages intake and hydration status in adolescents

Introduction: Type and quantity of beverages intake among adolescents may influence their hydration status. Objective: To evaluate the association between hydration status assessed by Free Water Reserve (FWR) and consumption of 5 types of beverages (water, milk, soft drinks, fruit juices and hot beverages). Conclusions: In this sample of participants, euhydrated adolescents ingest more water and hot beverages than those at risk of hypo-hydration.