Leadership and Pedagogical Interaction as Predictors of Learning Outcomes in Physical Education

This research aims to understand the relative contribution of leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction concerning learning performance and academic achievement in Physical Education. A quantitative methodology was implemented, comprising a sample of 447 students attending a school grouping located in the coastal region of central Portugal. In order to verify the nature, the strength and the direction of the relations among the variables, correlation and multiple regression analyses were used. For this, scales already validated and used in other researches were applied. The results show that the learning performance and the academic achievement are significantly associated with teacher leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction. A stronger association was obtained with leadership styles, especially the democratic one. It should be mentioned that these factors provide a higher relative contribution to the learning performance than to the academic achievement. The analysis conducted highlights the importance of the democratic teacher leadership style and of the pedagogical interaction established within the classroom towards the improvement of students’ ability to understand the gains and the effort made in learning.

Leadership and Pedagogical Interaction as Predictors of Learning Outcomes in Physical Education

Problem Statement: This research aims to understand the relative contribution of leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction concerning the learning performance and academic achievement in physical education. Research Questions: Are the teacher leadership style and the teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction related to the learning performance and academic achievement in physical education in basic schooling? Purpose of Study: There are several factors that contribute for the explanation of learning outcomes, namely teacher leadership styles in the classroom, as well as teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interactions. These factors are considered to be essential in the teaching-learning process and in the subsequent improvement of educational outcomes. Research Methods: A quantitative methodology was implemented, comprising a sample of 447 students attending a School Grouping located in the Central Region of Portugal. In order to verify the nature, the strength and the direction of the relations among the variables, correlation and multiple regression analyses were used. For this, scales already validated and used in other researches were applied. Findings: The results show that the learning performance and the academic achievement are significantly associated with teacher leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction. A stronger association was obtained with leadership styles, especially the democratic one. It should be mentioned that these factors provide a higher relative contribution to the learning performance than to the academic achievement. Conclusions: This study sought to deepen the understanding of the explanatory factors of academic success concerning the teaching-learning process in physical education. The analysis conducted highlights the importance of the democratic teacher leadership style and of the pedagogical interaction established within the classroom towards the improvement of students' ability to understand the gains and the effort made in learning.

Percurso formativo em educação pré-escolar e 1º ciclo do ensino básico : conceção e avaliação de uma mala pedagógica em contexto de expressão dramática na educação pré-escolar

O presente relatório final de estágio do mestrado em educação pré-escolar e ensino do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico é composto por duas partes. A primeira consiste numa reflexão crítica sobre as Práticas de Ensino Supervisionadas (PES) desenvolvidas no estágio, tanto a nível da Educação Pré-Escolar (PES II) como do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (PES III), onde se analisam aspetos pedagógicos e didáticos e as competências essenciais aos profissionais, para a promoção de um ensino de qualidade, a partir das práticas realizadas. A segunda parte deste relatório incide sobre o trabalho de investigação desenvolvido. A questão abordada reflete acerca do potencial de uma mala pedagógica concebida para a promoção de situações de exploração da expressão dramática no âmbito da Educação Pré-Escolar. Este estudo enquadra-se numa investigação de natureza qualitativa de caráter exploratório. Utilizamos diversos instrumentos para auxiliar a recolha de dados, nomeadamente, a escala de envolvimento da criança de Laevers (1994), a grelha de observação da exploração dos objetos da mala pedagógica e entrevistas semiestruturadas às crianças e à educadora. A apresentação do estudo inclui enquadramento teórico e os resultados obtidos, dando-se a conhecer as conclusões. Tais resultados permitem entender que as sessões de exploração livre da mala pedagógica e dos objetos contribuíram eficazmente para promover interações entre crianças (sem influência de idade ou sexo) e desenvolver a criatividade e imaginação das mesmas. Ao longo deste trabalho é evidenciada a importância da expressão dramática na Educação Pré-Escolar. Ela coloca, desenvolve e desafia as capacidades de transformação e de imaginação das crianças mediante diversas situações. As malas são objetos simbólicos que potenciam oportunidades para essas capacidades se desenvolverem, criando diversas situações de exploração de jogos dramáticos, num espaço pedagógico, proporcionando momentos de aprendizagens significativas, bem como momentos prazerosos.