De touch: extending service channels in an airport through touch technologies

This project aimed to create a communication and interaction channel between Madeira Airport and its passengers. We used the pre-existent touch enabled screens at the terminal since their potential was not being utilised to their full capacity. To achieve our goal, we have followed an agile strategy to create a testable prototype and take advantages of its results. The developed prototype is based on a plugin architecture turning it into a maintainable and highly customisable system. The collected usage data suggests that we have achieved the initially defined goals. There is no doubt that this new interaction channel is an improvement regarding the provided services and, supported by the usage data, there is an opportunity to explore additional developments to the channel.

Quantifying epistemic actions in human-computer interaction

As digital systems move away from traditional desktop setups, new interaction paradigms are emerging that better integrate with users’ realworld surroundings, and better support users’ individual needs. While promising, these modern interaction paradigms also present new challenges, such as a lack of paradigm-specific tools to systematically evaluate and fully understand their use. This dissertation tackles this issue by framing empirical studies of three novel digital systems in embodied cognition – an exciting new perspective in cognitive science where the body and its interactions with the physical world take a central role in human cognition. This is achieved by first, focusing the design of all these systems on a contemporary interaction paradigm that emphasizes physical interaction on tangible interaction, a contemporary interaction paradigm; and second, by comprehensively studying user performance in these systems through a set of novel performance metrics grounded on epistemic actions, a relatively well established and studied construct in the literature on embodied cognition. The first system presented in this dissertation is an augmented Four-in-a-row board game. Three different versions of the game were developed, based on three different interaction paradigms (tangible, touch and mouse), and a repeated measures study involving 36 participants measured the occurrence of three simple epistemic actions across these three interfaces. The results highlight the relevance of epistemic actions in such a task and suggest that the different interaction paradigms afford instantiation of these actions in different ways. Additionally, the tangible version of the system supports the most rapid execution of these actions, providing novel quantitative insights into the real benefits of tangible systems. The second system presented in this dissertation is a tangible tabletop scheduling application. Two studies with single and paired users provide several insights into the impact of epistemic actions on the user experience when these are performed outside of a system’s sensing boundaries. These insights are clustered by the form, size and location of ideal interface areas for such offline epistemic actions to occur, as well as how can physical tokens be designed to better support them. Finally, and based on the results obtained to this point, the last study presented in this dissertation directly addresses the lack of empirical tools to formally evaluate tangible interaction. It presents a video-coding framework grounded on a systematic literature review of 78 papers, and evaluates its value as metric through a 60 participant study performed across three different research laboratories. The results highlight the usefulness and power of epistemic actions as a performance metric for tangible systems. In sum, through the use of such novel metrics in each of the three studies presented, this dissertation provides a better understanding of the real impact and benefits of designing and developing systems that feature tangible interaction.

Massagem no recém–nascido pré–termo: é um cuidado de enfermagem seguro?

Este estudo experimental de natureza quantitativa avaliou os efeitos da massagem no recém-nascido pré-termo internado em unidades de cuidados intermédios neonatais a nível da estabilidade fisiológica. Material e métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 32 recém-nascidos pré-termo clinicamente estáveis e saudáveis, internados em unidades portuguesas de cuidados intermédios neonatais. Os recém-nascidos pré-termo foram distribuídos aleatoriamente para os grupos controlo e experimental, em número igual de dezasseis. Em várias variáveis basais os grupos não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas, obtendo-se assim grupos equivalentes. O grupo experimental apresentou em média 30,11 semanas de gestação, 1,326 Kg de peso ao nascer e 20,44 dias de duração do internamento na unidade de cuidados intermédios. O grupo de controlo apresentou em média 30,94 semanas de gestação, 1,409 Kg de peso ao nascer e 17,81 dias de duração do internamento na unidade de cuidados intermédios. Durante o estudo os grupos receberam o mesmo padrão de cuidados neonatais à excepção do grupo experimental que recebeu a massagem. A massagem administrada foi a de Tiffany Field (Touch Research Institute), durante cinco dias consecutivos em três períodos diários. Foi administrada por enfermeiras das respectivas unidades, sendo estas execuções fidedignas e válidas, com homogeneidade inter-aplicadores da técnica quase perfeita (96,7 %) e com elevada validade de execução nomeadamente 96,77 % de concordância 1. Resultados: Para avaliar o efeito da massagem na estabilidade do recém-nascido pré-termo mediram-se os parâmetros fisiológicos: frequência respiratória e cardíaca, saturação de oxigénio, tensão arterial e temperatura. Quanto a estes verificamos não haver diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos pelo que concluímos que a massagem é um cuidado de enfermagem seguro em termos de organização do subsistema autónomo. Conclusões: Estes resultados obtidos sugerem que a massagem nos recém-nascidos pré-termo saudáveis e clinicamente estáveis internados em unidades de cuidados intermédios estudados foi uma intervenção segura.