Niveles de actividad física en escolares de instituciones distritales de Bogotá, Colombia.


Autoria(s): Salamanca Capello, Norland; Sandoval Cuellar, Carolina; Páez Rubiano, Carolina
Contribuinte(s)

Correa Bautista, Jorge Enrique

Data(s)

11/11/2016

Resumo

Objetivo: Estimar los niveles de actividad física (AF) de escolares de básica primaria durante el recreo, a través del uso del Sistema de Observación de Juego y Tiempo Libre en niños. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Cinco instituciones educativas de la localidad de Engativá de Bogotá participaron en el presente estudio. Se contó con una muestra a conveniencia de 2.415 escolares (1.093 niñas y 1.322 niños), los cuales cursaban de 2º a 5º de primaria. Se realizaron 261 observaciones en 87 áreas determinadas. La muestra presentó una confiabilidad del 95%. Resultados: El tiempo de recreo fue de 30 minutos, los niños mostraron mayores porcentajes de AF con respecto a las niñas, sin embargo no se encontraron asociaciones estadísticamente significativas (p=0,506). Las áreas eran totalmente accesibles y utilizables, pero ausentes de actividades organizadas. Se encontró un bajo nivel de AF 9,5% en áreas supervisadas. De los escolares; el 22,5% para niñas, y el 20,6% para niños, tuvieron comportamientos sedentarios durante el recreo. Menos del 15% de los escolares realizaron AF vigorosa en el recreo y un mayor porcentaje 62,8% para niñas vs 64,6% para niños realizaron AF moderada. Conclusión: Los escolares acumularon una cantidad valiosa de AF moderada y vigorosa durante el recreo. Es probable que se aumente el nivel de AF, si el patio de la escuela está equipado y con actividades organizadas. Es esencial que las estrategias específicas se estudien y evalúen para determinar cómo y en qué medida se fomenta la AF entre los escolares.

Objective: To estimate the levels of physical activity (PA) of elementary school students during the break time, through the use of a System for observing play and leisure activity in children. Methodology: Cross-sectional, descriptive study over a representative sample of 2415 students (1093 girls and 1322 boys), they were elementary students, from second to fifth grade and studied in five schools of the localidad de Engativa respectively. 261 observations were made in 87 specific areas. The sample was 95% reliable. Results: the average time of the break was 30 minutes, and boys showed higher rates of PA than girls. However, no statistically significant associations were found (p=0,506). It was seen that, the school play areas were fully accessible and usable, but there were not organized activities. As a consequence, a low level of PA 9.5% was found in supervised areas. Students: data showed that 22.5% of girls and 20.6% of boys were sedentary during recess. Less than 15% of school children did vigorous PA and a higher percentage, 62.8% of girls and 64.6% of boys performed moderate PA during the break time. Conclusion: school children accumulated a valuable amount of moderate and vigorous PA during recess. If the school play area had organized activities, the level of PA would increase. It is important to evaluate and study the specific strategies used to increase the level of PA of students and look for different ways to encourage it at schools.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/12815

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

Anthamatten, P., Brink, L., Lampe, S., Greenwood, E., Kingston, B., & Nigg, C. (2011). An assessment of schoolyard renovation strategies to encourage children’s Physical activity International Journal of Behaviora Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8(27), 2-9.

Arias A., E. A. (2014).Niveles de actividad física de niños y adolescentes durante el descanso en la escuela, un estudio observacional con el uso de soplay. Revista Educación Física y Deporte, 33 (1), 175-191, Ene-Jul 2014.

Artero, E.G., Jackson A.S., Sui, X., Lee D.C., O´Connor, D.P., Lavie, C.J.Blair, S.N. (2014). Longitudinal algoritmns to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness journal American college Cardiology 63(21) , 2289-2296. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.008.

Bustamante P Luis Carlos. (2012). Politécnico Jaime Isaza Cadavid Universidad San Buenaventura LuisKbustamante@gmail.com Medellín _ Colombia, Obesidad y actividad física en niños y adolescentes

Beighle A, Morgan CF, Le Masurier G, and Pangrazi RP. (2006) Children's physical Activity during recess and outside of school.JSch Health; 76:516-520.

Clavel-Chapelon, F., & Mesrine, S. (2013). Risk of cancer associated with nutrition and Physical inactivity. La Revue du praticien, 63(8), 1113- 1117.

Casimiro, A.J. (1999). Comparación, evolución y relación de hábitos saludables y nivel de condición física salud en escolares, entre final de educación Primaria,(12 años) y final de educación secundaria obligatoria (16 años) Obligatoria (16 años). España. Universidad de Almería.

De Saint-Maurice P, Welk GJ, Martin P, Lanningham-Foster L. (2009). Validation of the SOPLAY direct observation tool with an objective accelerometry-based physical activity monitor. Available from: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd

Dobbins, M., Husson, H., DeCorby, K., & La Rocca, R.L. (2013). School based physical activity programs for promoting phsysical activity and fitness in childrens and adolescents age 6 to 18 The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2(CD007651). doi: 10.1002/14651858.

Eaton DK, Kann L, Kinchen S, Shanklin S, Ross J, Hawkins J. (2009). Youth risk behavior surveillance - United States, Dep Heal Hum Serv Centers Dis Control Prev [Internet]. 2010; 59(5):1–142.

Escalante Y, Backx K, Saavedra JM, García-hermoso A, Domínguez AM, (2011). Ciencias F DeBRIEF ORIGINAL RELATIONSHIP B.

González, S. Sarmiento OL, Cohen DD, Camargo DM, Correa JE, Páez DC. (2014). Results From Colombia’s Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth. J PhysAct Heal;11(Supp 1):33–44.

Chin JJ, Ludwig D. (2013). Increasing Children’s Physical Activity During School Recess Periods. Am JPublic Health.; 103(7):1229-1234. Doi: .2105/AJPH.2012.301132.

ICBF. Encuesta Nacional De La Situación Nutricional En Colombia (2010). (64):325.

McKenzie, T., Sallis, J., & Patterson, T. (1991). BEACHES: an observational system for assessing children’s eating and physical activity behaviors and associated events. J ApplBehav Anal, 24, 141-151.

McKenzie, T. L., Marshall, S. J., Sallis, J. F., & Conway, T. L. (2000). Leisure-time physical activity in school environments: an observational study using SOPLAY. Preventive medicine, 30(1), 70-77.

McKenzie, T. (2002).The use of direct observation to assess physical activity. In G. Welk (Ed.), Physical Activity Assessments for Health- Related Research(pp.179-195). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.

Moore MS. (1999). Contribution of a sedentary lifestyle and inactivty to the etiology of overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues. MedSciSports Exert;31: 534-541.

Mota, J., Suva, P., Santos, M., Ribeiro, J., Oliverira, J., & Duarte. (2005). Physical activity and school recess time: differences betweenThe sexes and the relationship between children’s playground physical activity and habitual physical activity. J Sports Sci, 23(3), 269-275

Naylor PJ, and McKay HA. (2009). Prevention in the first place: schools a setting for action on physical inactivity. Br J Sports Med.; 43:10-13

OMS; World Health Organization.(2010). Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health.Berna (Suiza).

OPS, organización Panamericana de la Salud (2012). Salud en las Américas Edición de 2012 Panorama regional y perfiles de país.

Perula de Torres LA, Lluch C, Ruiz Moral R, Espejo Espejo J, Tapia G and Mengual Luque P.(1998) Prevalencia de actividad física y su relación con variables sociodemográficas y ciertos estilos de vida en escolares cordobeses. Rev Esp Salud Pública.72:233-244

PMEE, Acosta pedro. (2013). PLAN MAESTRO DE EQUIPAMIENTO ESCOLAR; los ambientes pedagógicos como escenarios de educación integral, SED, BOGOTA.

Sallis JF, Prochaska JJ, and Taylor WC.(2000). A review of correlates of physical activity of children and adolescents. MedSci Sports Exerc; 32:963-975.

Sallis, J. F., Conway, T. L., Prochaska, J. J., McKenzie, T. L., Marshall, S. J., & Brown, M. (2001).The association of school environments with youth physical activity.American Journal of Public Health, 91(4).

Sallis, JF, McKenzie, TL, Conway, TL, Elder, JP, Prochaska, JJ, Brown, M. y Alcaraz, JE. (2003). Las intervenciones ambientales para una alimentación y actividad física: Un ensayo controlado aleatorio en las escuelas medias revista americana de la medicina preventiva, 24 (3), 209-217.

Sarkin, J., McKenzie, T., &Sallis, J. (1997). Gender differences in physical activity during fifth-grade physical education and recess periods. JTeachPhysEduc, (17), 99-106.

Stratton, G., & Mullan, E. (2005). The effect of multicolor playground markings on children’s physical activity levels during recess. Prev Med, 41, 828-833

Vidarte José A, Claros, Vélez Álvarez, Consuelo y. Parra-Sánchez Verstraete, Stefanie JM Cardon, Greet M. Dirk LR De Clercq, Ilse MM De Bourdeaudhuij. (2006). El aumento de los niveles de actividad física de los niños durante los periodos de recreo en las escuelas primarias: los efectos de proporcionar equipo de juego. 415-419.

Welsman JR and Armstrong N. (1996). The measurement and interpretation of aerobic fitness in children: current issues. J R Soc Med89:281-285.

Who WHO. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Geneva World Heal Organ . 2010;60.

Wei, M., Gibbons L.W., Kampert, J.B., Nichaman, M.Z., & Blair, S.N. (2000). low cardiorespiratory fitness and phsysical inactivity as predictor of mortality in men with tipe 2 diabetes annals of internal medicine 132(8),605-611.

Wechsler, H., Devereaux, R., Davis, M., & Collins, J. (2000). Using the school environment to promote physical activity and healthy eating. Prev Med, (31), 121-137.

Palavras-Chave #Entrenamiento #613.7 #Actividad motora #Ejercicio #Promoción de la salud #Desarrollo infantil #Sedentary lifestyle #School environments #Motor activity #Students
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion