Factores de riesgo preoperatorios asociados a conversión a técnica abierta en colecistectomía laparoscópica de urgencia


Autoria(s): Chinchilla Hermida, Paola Andrea; Baquero Zamarra, David Ricardo
Contribuinte(s)

Ruiz Sternberg, Jaime Enrique

Data(s)

03/10/2016

31/12/1969

Resumo

Introducción: la colecistectomía laparoscópica es la técnica de elección en pacientes con indicación de extracción quirúrgica de la vesícula; sin embargo, en promedio 20% de éstos requieren conversión a técnica abierta. En este estudio se evaluaron los factores de riesgo preoperatorios para conversión en colecistectomía laparoscópica de urgencia. Metodología: se realizó un estudio de casos y controles no pareado. Se obtuvo información sociodemográfica y de variables de interés de los registros de historias clínicas de pacientes operados entre el 2013 y 2016. Se identificaron los motivos de conversión de técnica quirúrgica. Se caracterizó la población de estudio y se estimaron asociaciones según la naturaleza de las variables. Mediante un análisis de regresión logística se ajustaron posibles variables de confusión. Resultados: se analizaron los datos de 444 pacientes (111 casos y 333 controles). La causa de conversión más frecuente fue la dificultad técnica (50,5%). Se encontró que la mayor edad, el sexo masculino, el antecedente de cirugía abierta en hemiabdomen superior, el signo de Murphy clínico positivo, la dilatación de la vía biliar, la leucocitosis y la mayor experiencia del cirujano, fueron factores de riesgo para conversión. Se encontró un área bajo la curva ROC= 0,743 (IC95% 0,692–0,794, p= <0,001). Discusión: existen unos factores que se asocian a mayor riesgo de conversión en colecistectomía laparoscópica. La mayoría se relacionan con un proceso inflamatorio más severo, por lo que se debe evitar la prolongación del tiempo de espera entre el inicio de los síntomas y la extirpación quirúrgica de la vesícula.

Introduction: laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the election technique for patients with indication for gallbladder extraction. Nevertheless, near 20% of them require conversion to open surgery. In this study we evaluated preoperative risk factors for conversion in patients carried to emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Metodology: a case-control unmatched study was conducted. Sociodemographic information and other interest variables were took from medical records of patients carried to surgery from 2013 to 2016. Conversion reasons were identified and study population was characterized. Correlations test were established and logistic regression was performed for evaluating the role of confounding factors. Results: we analized medical records from 444 patients (111 cases and 333 controls). Commonest conversion reason was technical difficulty (50,5%). Older age, male sex, previous open upper abdominal surgery, Murphy sign, bile duct dilation, total white cell count > 12.000/mm3 and more experienced surgeon, were all risk factors for conversion to open surgery. Area under COR curve was 0.743 (CI95% 0.692–0.794, p= <0.001). Discussion: some factors increase the risk for conversion to open surgery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Most of them are related to an advanced gallbladder inflammation process, so extending time from symptoms beginning to surgical extraction of this organ, must be avoided.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/12471

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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Palavras-Chave #Epidemiología #614.4 #Epidemiología #Colecistectomía #Medicina de emergencia #Periodo preoperatorio #cholecystectomy #laparoscopic #conversion to open surgery #risk factors
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion