Comportamiento metabólico, fisiológico y electrocardiográfico en trabajadores expuestos a altas temperaturas en una empresa líder en la explotación y coquización del carbón en Boyacá, Colombia, 2016


Autoria(s): Ricaurte Rubio, Claudia Patricia
Contribuinte(s)

Varona, Marcela

Data(s)

05/07/2016

31/12/1969

Resumo

Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre la exposición ocupacional a altas temperaturas o sobrecarga térmica con el comportamiento fisiológico, metabólico y electrocardiográfico. Métodos: estudio de corte transversal, donde se incluyeron dos grupos (expuesto y no expuesto a altas temperaturas) en una empresa minera, en el departamento de Boyacá, Colombia, en el año 2016. El número de participantes fue de 160 trabajadores del género masculino, grupo expuesto (n=86) y grupo no expuesto (n=74). La exposición ocupacional a sobrecarga térmica se evaluó con el índice de temperatura de globo y bulbo húmedo (TGBH), el comportamiento fisiológico con el índice de costo cardiaco relativo (ICCR) con mediciones de frecuencia cardiaca (FC), el comportamiento metabólico con la determinación del colesterol total (CT), colesterol de alta densidad (C-HDL), colesterol de baja densidad (C-LDL), triglicéridos (TG) y glicemia basal (GL). Las alteraciones electrocardiográficas con la toma de Electrocardiograma de 12 derivaciones. También fueron evaluadas variables antropométricas, tensión arterial, hábitos y antecedentes de enfermedad cardiovascular en ambos grupos. Resultados: incrementos significativos del ICCR (p<0.001) y la carga física (p<0.001) fueron encontrados en los trabajadores expuestos a altas temperaturas. Los índices lipídicos y glicemia, así como los antecedentes personales cardiovasculares, IMC, consumo de cigarrillo y consumo de alcohol, no mostraron significancia. El antecedente familiar de ACV (p=0.043) y el EKG alterado (p=0.011) mostraron una asociación significativa con la exposición a altas temperaturas. El modelo de regresión lineal múltiple explicó la relación entre el incremento del ICCR y la exposición a altas temperaturas (β=4,213, IC 95%: 1.57,6.85) ajustado por variables fisiológicas y electrocardiográficas. Conclusiones: La exposición ocupacional a altas temperaturas, presenta asociación con las alteraciones cardiovasculares a nivel fisiológico y electrocardiográfico, aumentando el ICCR y la carga física de trabajo (GE trabajo).

Evolucionar Servicios de Salud

Objective: To establish the relationship between occupational exposure to high temperatures or thermal overload with the physiological, metabolic and electrocardiographic behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional study where two groups were included (exposed and not exposed to high temperatures) in a mining company in the department of Boyacá, Colombia, in 2016. The number of participants was 160 workers male exposed group (n = 86) and unexposed group (n = 74). Occupational exposure to heat stress was assessed with the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) index, the physiological behavior with the Relative Cardiovascular Load (%CVL) with measurements of heart rate (HR). The metabolic behavior with determination total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and basal glycemia (GL). Electrocardiographic changes with taking 12-lead ECG. They were also evaluated anthropometric variables, blood pressure, habits and history of cardiovascular disease in both groups. Results: Significant increases in the CVL (p <0.001) and physical load (p <0.001) were found in workers exposed to high temperatures. Lipid and glucose levels and cardiovascular medical history, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption had no significance. Family history of stroke (p = 0.043) and altered ECG (p = 0.011) showed a significant association with exposure to high temperatures. The multiple linear regression model explained the relationship between the increase of CVL and exposure to high temperatures (β = 4.213, 95% CI 1.57,6.85) adjusted for physiological and electrocardiographic variables. Conclusions: Occupational exposure to high temperatures, presents association with cardiovascular and electrocardiographic abnormalities at physiological level, increasing the CVL and physical workload.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/12241

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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Palavras-Chave #613.62 #Exposición Profesional #Seguridad Industrial #Salud Laboral #Calor -- Efectos fisiológicos #Heat stress #Occupational exposure #Relative cardiovascular load #WBGT index #Cardiovascular disease #Metabolic changes
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion