Riesgo biomecánico y dolor lumbar en operarios y personal administrativo en una fábrica de jabón en Bogotá 2016


Autoria(s): Muskus Cuervo, Fredy Antonio
Contribuinte(s)

Hernandez, Gilma

Rueda, Maria Clemencia

Data(s)

15/06/2016

31/12/1969

Resumo

Introducción: El dolor lumbar y los desórdenes músculo esqueléticos comprometen la salud y la calidad de vida de los trabajadores, pueden poner en riesgo el futuro laboral de las personas. bjetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de dolor lumbar y los posibles factores biomecánicos asociados en el personal operativo y administrativo en una empresa manufacturera de jabón en Bogotá, en el año 2016 Metodología: Estudio de corte transversal donde se evaluó el riesgo biomecánico y la prevalencia del dolor lumbar en personal administrativo (138) y operativo (165); se utilizó como instrumento el ERGOPAR validado en España. Se revisó la asociación utilizando la prueba Chi Cuadrado de Pearson, con un nivel de significación α 0.05 Resultados: 303 trabajadores de una empresa manufacturera de jabón en Bogotá, donde predominó el género masculino (51,82%) y la población adulta media entre 30-39 años (57,42%). La prevalencia del dolor lumbar en la población fue de 61,39% (186). La edad no se asoció estadísticamente al dolor lumbar. Se encontró asociación estadística entre el síntoma dolor lumbar y extensión de cuello (p=0,05 OR1.95 IC 1.33-2.88), así como con agarrar o sujetar objetos (p= 0,036. OR 2.3 IC 1.59-3.51) y con las exigencias físicas laborales (p= 0.001 OR 1.99 IC 1.31-3.02). Conclusiones: La población estudiada presentó una alta prevalencia de dolor lumbar, con predominio en personal que realiza labores operativas, y del género femenino. La adopción de posturas de extensión del cuello y la sujeción o agarre de objetos son factores asociados directamente con la aparición de lumbalgia.

Introduction: Low back pain and musculoskeletal disorders compromise the health and quality of life of workers, also, it may jeopardize the future of people and imply a significant expense for businesses. Objective: Estimate the prevalence of back pain and possible biomechanical factors associated with the operational and administrative staff in a soap manufacturing company in Bogota, in 2016 Methodology: A cross-sectional study were developed to evaluate the biomechanical risk and prevalence of low back pain in administrative (138) and operating staff (165); It was used as the instrument “ERGOPAR”, validated in Spain. The variables were described using statistics methods as frequency, central tendency and dispersion depending on the nature of the variables and it was revised possible associations using the Pearson chi-square test, for which a 0.05 significance level (α) was defined Results: The study group was made with 303 workers in a soap manufacturing company in Bogota, where male gender predominated (51.82%) and the average adult population age was 30-39 years (57.42%). The prevalence of low back pain in the population was 61.39% (186). The age was not statistically associated with lower back pain. It found a statistical association between low back pain and neck extension (p = 0.05 OR 1.95 IC 1.33 – 2.88), as well as gripping or holding objects (p = 0.036. OR 2.3 CI 1.59-3.51) and with the occupational physical demands (p = 0.001 OR 1.99 CI 1.31-3.02). Sociodemographic variables showed no association with low back pain. Conclusions: The study population showed a high prevalence of low back pain, predominantly in personnel performing with operational tasks and female gender. The posturing of neck extension and the clamping or gripping objects are factors directly associated with the onset of back pain.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/12240

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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TEME

Palavras-Chave #613.62 #Seguridad Industrial #Salud Laboral #Lumbalgia #Biomechanical risk #Risk factor's #Occupational exposure #Low back pain
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion