Niveles de actividad física y su relación con los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos en profesores de educación física en Bogotá - Colombia.


Autoria(s): Morales Mora, Yesenia
Contribuinte(s)

Briceno-Ayala, Leonardo

Data(s)

08/07/2016

13/07/2018

Resumo

La actividad física regular desempeña un papel fundamental en la prevención y control de los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos, dentro de la actividad laboral del profesor de educación física. Objetivo: El propósito del estudio fue determinar la relación entre los niveles de actividad física y la prevalencia de los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos, en profesores de educación física de 42 instituciones educativas oficiales de Bogotá-Colombia. Métodos. Se trata de un estudio de corte transversal en 262 profesores de educación física, de 42 instituciones educativas oficiales de Bogotá - Colombia. Se aplicó de manera auto-diligenciada el Cuestionario Nórdico de desórdenes músculos esqueléticos y el Cuestionario IPAQ versión corta para identificar los niveles de actividad física. Se obtuvieron medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión para variables cuantitativas y frecuencias relativas para variables cualitativas. Se calculó la prevalencia de vida y el porcentaje de reubicación laboral en los docentes que habían padecido diferentes tipo de dolor. Para estimar la relación entre el dolor y las variables sociodemográficas de los docentes, se utilizó un modelo de regresión logística binaria simple. Los análisis fueron realizados en SPSS versión 20 y se consideró como significativo un valor p < 0.05 para el contraste de hipótesis y un nivel de confianza para la estimación de parámetros. Resultados: El porcentaje de respuesta fue del 83.9%, se consideraron válidos 262 registros, 22.5% eran de género femenino, la mayor cantidad de docentes de educación física se encuentraon entre 25 y 35 años (43,9%), frente a los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos, el 16.9% de los profesores reporto haberlos sufrido alguna vez molestias en el cuello, el 17,2% en el hombro, 27,9% espalda, 7.93% brazo y en mano el 8.4%. Los profesores con mayores niveles de actividad física, reportaron una prevalencia menor de alteraciones musculo esqueléticas de 16,9 % para cuello; 27.7% para dorsal/lumbar frente a los sujetos con niveles bajos de actividad física. La presencia de los desórdenes se asoció a los años de experiencia (OR 3.39 IC95% 1.41-7.65), a pertenecer al género femenino (OR 4.94 IC95% 1.94-12.59), a la edad (OR 5.06 IC95% 1.25-20.59), y al atender más de 400 estudiantes a cargo dentro de la jornada laboral (OR 4.50 IC95% 1.74-11.62). Conclusiones: En los profesores de Educación Física no sé encontró una relación estadísticamente significativa entre los niveles de actividad física y los desórdenes musculo esqueléticos medidos por auto reporte.

SUMMARY Regular physical activity plays a key role in the prevention and control of musculoskeletal disorders, labor activity of the physical education teacher. Objective: The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between levels of physical activity and the prevalence of musculo skeletal disorders in physical education teachers from 42 official educational institutions in Bogota-Colombia. Methods. We did a cross-sectional study of 262 physical education teachers, 42 official educational institutions in Bogota - Colombia. Two questionnaires, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short form and the Nordic Questionnaire for musculoskeletal disorders were used. Measures of central tendency and dispersion for quantitative variables and relative frequencies for qualitative variables were obtained. The lifetime prevalence and the percentage of job relocation teachers who had experienced different kinds of pain was calculated. A model of simple binary logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between pain and sociodemographic variables of teachers. The analyzes were performed using SPSS version 20, and was considered statistically significant at P <0.05 value for hypothesis testing and confidence level for parameter estimation. Results: The response rate was 83.9%, 262 were considered valid records, 22.5% were female, most of the physical education teachers are between 25 and 35 years old. The frequency of musculoskeletal disorders teachers reported 17,2% as many physical education teachers were between 25 and 35 years (43.9%), compared with skeletal muscle disorders , 16.9% of teachers reported if any ever suffered neck, 17.2% in the shoulder, back 27.9%, 7.93% and 8.4% arm in hand. Teachers with higher levels of physical activity reported a lower prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders Neck 16.9%; 27.7% for dorsal / lumbar versus subjects with low levels of physical activity. Teachers with higher levels of physical activity reported a lower prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. The presence of disorders associated with years of experience (OR 3.39 95% CI 1.41-7.65), and female gender (OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.94-12.59), age (OR 5.06, 95% CI 1.25-20.59) and serve more than 400 students in charge within working hours (OR 4.50, 95% CI 1.74-11.62). Conclusions: In physical education teachers did not find a statistically significant relationship between levels of physical activity and skeletal muscle disorders measured by self-report. An association for age, gender, years of experience and number of students in charge was observed.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/12232

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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Palavras-Chave #Salud ocupacional #613.62 #Salud ocupacional #Actividad motora #Sistema musculoesquelético #Entrenamiento #Occupational health #Occupational epidemiology #Physical Activity #musculoskeletal disorders #Physical education teachers
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion