Índices predictores de asma bronquial en niños y niñas de 6 a 11 años atendidos en consulta externa de neumología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de la ciudad de Cuenca. 2015

Antecedentes: Distintos estudios han demostrado que aproximadamente la mitad de los niños presentan al menos un episodio de obstrucción bronquial durante los primeros 3 años de vida y, en más del 50% de ellos el episodio se repite una o más veces. Entonces es necesario prever que niños que inician con sibilancias en una etapa temprana de la vida, van a padecer de asma en el futuro, estudios realizados muestran una sensibilidad del 16 % y especificidad del 97 % para el IPA Castro – Rodríguez y para el PIAMA una sensibilidad de 63% y una especificidad del 64% aproximadamente. Objetivo General: Determinar la validez de diversos índices predictores de asma bronquial en niños y niñas de 6 a 11 años atendidos en Consulta Externa de Neumología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Metodología: Se trató de un estudio de validación de test predictores de asma en la totalidad de niños/as de 6 a 11 años con diagnóstico de asma y un grupo equitativo escogidos al azar de niños de las mismas edades atendidos en consulta externa de Neumología durante el periodo Enero – Diciembre 2014. Se aplicó una encuesta a sus representantes, además se revisó los hemogramas previos que mostraron eosinofilia. Los datos fueron analizados con los programas SPSS versión 20. Uso de resultados: Se mostró la validez de los Índices Predictores de Asma que podrán ser aplicados a niños en edades aún más tempranas

Background: Differents studies had shown that half of children present an episode of bronquial obstruction during the first three years of life, in more of fifty percent of them, the episode gets repeat one or more times. So it is necessary foresee that the children that begin wheezing in a early stage of life they are going to suffer from athsma in the future, it already that of this shape could to plan secondary prevention strategies and therapeutic strategies. For these purposes have been developed the Predictive asthma indices, in studies realized show a sensitivity of 16% and specificity of 97 % for the IPA Castro - Rodríguez and PIAMA a sensitivity of 63 % and a specificity of about 64% General Objective: Determine the validity of different predictors of bronquial asthma indices in children 6 to 11 years treated in Pneumology of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Methodology: It was treated of a validation study to test predictors of asthma in all children 6 to 11 years diagnosed with asthma and equitable group randomly selected of children of the same years treated in Pneumology during the period January – December 2014. Homes of patients were personally visited, and a survey was applied to their representatives, and in addition, previous blood counts showing eosinophilia were revised. The data were analyzed with SPSS program version 20 using simple draw with relative frequencies and percentages. For validation of the indices was used as the gold standard diagnosis of asthma and with EPIDAT program was calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and negative and positive verisimilitude and Youden index. Using SPSS program contingency tables were drawn with different variables and Chi Square was calculated with the p-value for each of the cases. Using results: Validity was demonstrated of the Indices Predictors of Asthma that may be applied to children even younger ages being helpful both for health personnel as for your family prognostic and therapeutic parameters.

Médico

Cuenca