ГЕНДЕРНЫЕ РАЗЛИЧИЯ В КОГНИТИВНЫХ СПОСОБНОСТЯХ: РОЛЬ СТЕРЕОТИПА И «ЭФФЕКТ СИБЛИНГА»

The research task was to give a more complete picture of the phenomenon of gender differences in mathematical, spatial, and general cognitive ability. By focusing on the social factors we examined the influence of «sibling effect» and stereotypes on the performance in these abilities. The study was conducted using an online test administration. The study involved 196 male and female participants. The results showed the absence of gender differences (with the exception of a small male advantage in mathematical fluency), as well as the absence of any sibling effect on mathematical and spatial performance. Overall, stereotype (that men show better mathematical and spatial performance) was also shown not to have an effect on any of the assessed abilities.