Relanzando la Respuesta Rápida Militar: Los Battlegroups


Autoria(s): Girona, Carlos
Data(s)

28/10/2016

Resumo

La utilidad de los Battlegroups, casi una década después de declarar capacidad operativa plena, ha estado y continuará estando en duda debido a la inacción europea. Para que la UE se convierta en el actor internacional que durante tantos años ha proclamado, necesitará consolidar su capacidad de respuesta rápida militar para hacer frente a crisis multidimensionales y llevar a cabo todo el espectro de Misiones Petersberg. El artículo hace un repaso a la concepción y el desarrollo de los Battlegroups y propone un conjunto de reformas para que puedan llegar a ser un instrumento efectivo de respuesta rápida militar.

The utility of Battlegroups, nearly a decade after declaring their full operational capability, has been and will continue to be questioned due to the European inaction. In order to become a global international actor, as proclaimed for many years, the EU will need to consolidate its capacity of military rapid response capabilities to deal with multidimensional crisis and to carry on all the spectrum of the Petersberg Tasks. This article reviews the concept and development of the Battlegroups and proposes a package of reforms in order to become an effective tool for a military rapid response.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RUNI/article/view/53793

10.5209/RUNI.53793

Publicador

Ediciones Complutense

Relação

http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/RUNI/article/view/53793/49265

/*ref*/Anderson, Jan Joel (2015). “If not now, when? The Nordic EU Battlegroup”, febrero 2015, Alert nº 11. EUISS, en http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Alert_11_Nordic_Battlegroup.pdf

/*ref*/Björn, F. et al (2013): “Towards a European Global Strategy: Securing European Influence in a Changing World”. Real Insituto Elcano, 28 de mayo de 2013, en http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/web/rielcano_es/contenido?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT= /elcano/elcano_es/zonas_es/europa/european-global-strategy-final-report

/*ref*/Chappell, Laura (2009): “Differing member state approaches to the development of the EU Battlegroup Concept: implications for CSDP”. European Security, vol. 18, nº. 4, en http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/235561/3/L%20Chappell%20EU%20Battlegroups%20final.pdf

/*ref*/Cîrlig,Carmen-Cristina (2016): “Financing of CSDP missions and operations”. European Parliament Research Service; PE 577.958, en http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/ATAG/2016/577958/EPRS_ATA(2016)577958_EN.pdf

/*ref*/Colom, Guillem (2014). “El Largo Camino hacia la Gestion Integral de Crisis en la Unión Europea”. UNISCI Discussion Papers, nº 34,( enero 2014). en https://www.ucm.es/data/cont/media/www/pag-72482/UNISCIDP34-2COLOM.pdf

/*ref*/CMPD, (2011). "Actions to enhance EU CSDP support to UN peacekeeping",(doc. 17497/11),

/*ref*/Consejo Europeo, (1999b). Conclusiones de la Presidencia. Cap. II, apdo. 28 y Anexo 1 del Annexo IV sobre Respuesta Rápida Militar. Helsinki, 10 y 11 de diciembre de 1999. Disponible en: http://www.europarl.europa.eu/summits/hel1_es.htm

/*ref*/Council Decision 2011/871/CFSP of 19 December 2011 establishing a mechanism to administer the financing of the common costs of European Union operations having military or defence implications (Athena). OJ L 343, en http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32011D0871&from=EN.

/*ref*/Council Decision (CFSP) 2015/528 of 27 March 2015 establishing a mechanism to administer the financing of the common costs of European Union operations having military or defence implications (Athena) and repealing Decision 2011/871/CFSP. OJ L 84, en http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=OJ:JOL_2015_084_R_0006&qid=1427824153272&from=EN

/*ref*/Dempsey, Judy (2013). “The Depressing Saga of Europe's Battle Groups”, 19 de diciembre de 2013. Carnegie Europe, en: http://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/?fa=53975

/*ref*/Drent. Margriet, Zandee, Dick y Maas, Eva (2015): “Defence matters: more urgent tan ever”, Cligendael Report, April 2015, en https://www.clingendael.nl/sites/default/files/Defence_matters_report_clingendael_apr2015.pdf

/*ref*/EATC (s.f.): “EATC Factsheet”, en http://eatc-mil.com/user_uploads/page_contents/downloads/EATC%20Factsheet.pdf

/*ref*/ECFR (2015). “Article 42.7: An explainer”. ECFR Commentary, 19th November 2015, en http://www.ecfr.eu/article/commentary_article_427_an_explainer5019

/*ref*/EDA (2014): “European Air Transport Fleet (EATF)”, en: http://www.eda.europa.eu/what-we-do/activities/activities-search/european-air-transport-fleet-(eatf)

/*ref*/EDA (2014): “Air-to-Air Refuelling”,en http://www.eda.europa.eu/what-we-do/activities/activities-search/air-to-air-refuelling

/*ref*/EU Operations Centre (s.f.),en http://eeas.europa.eu/csdp/structures-instruments-agencies/eu-operations-centre/index_en.htm

/*ref*/EUMC, (2002): “EU Framework Nation Concept”, (doc. 11278/1/02), en http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-11278-2002-REV-1/en/pdf

/*ref*/EUMC, (2008). “EU Concept for Military Command and Control”, (doc. 10688/5/08), en http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-10688-2008-REV-5/en/pdf

/*ref*/EUMC, (2015): “EU Military Rapid Response Concept”, (doc. 02168/4/14), en http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-17036-2014-REV-1/en/pdf

/*ref*/EUMC (2015), “EUMC Report to PSC on the Outcome of MiLRRCC 1/15”, en http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-8347-2015-INIT/en/pdf

/*ref*/EUMS, (2010). “European Union Battlegroup Concept”, (doc. 16277/10 EXT 1), en: http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-16277-2010-EXT-1/en/pdf

/*ref*/EUMS, (2015a): “EUMC Report to the PSC on the Outcome of BGCC 1/15-Enclosures”, (doc.8379/15), en http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-8379-2015-ADD-1/en/pdf

/*ref*/EUMS, (2015b): “EU Concept for Military Command and Control”, (doc 5008/15), p.13, en http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-5008-2015-INIT/en/pdf

/*ref*/Foreign Affairs Council, (18 May 2015). Council Conclusions on CSDP, (doc. 8971/15), en http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-8971-2015-INIT/en/pdf

/*ref*/France, Olivier de. y Witney, Nick (2013): “Europe’s Strategic Cacophony”. Policy Brief, nº 77. ECFR, 25 de abril de 2013, en http://www.ecfr.eu/page/-/ECFR77_SECURITY_BRIEF_AW.pdf

/*ref*/Headline Goal 2010 , en http://eeas.europa.eu/csdp/about-csdp/military_headline_goals/index_en.htm

/*ref*/Informe sobre la aplicación de la Estrategia Europea de Seguridad -Ofrecer seguridad en un mundo en evolución , Bruselas, 11 de diciembre de 2008, en http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/ES/reports/104637.pdf

/*ref*/Juncker, Jean.Claude (2016). “State of the Union Address 2016: Towards a Better Europe -a Europe that protects, empowers and defends”. 14 de septiembre de 2016, SPEECH/16/3043, en http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_SPEECH-16-3043_en.htm

/*ref*/Langlois, Mauricde y Ara, Bénedicte (2015). “Article 44 of the Treaty on European Union: enhancing efficiency in EU operations”. Institute de Recherche Stratégique de l’Ecole Militaire, Note de Recherche Strategique nº 26, en http://www.defense.gouv.fr/content/download/459520/7282802/file/NRS_n26_2015_en.pdf

/*ref*/Lindstrom, Gustav (2007). “Enter the EU Battlegroups”. Febrero 2007, nº 97. EUISS: París, en http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp097.pdf

/*ref*/Marquina, Antonio (2010). "Global Challenges and Threats: European and US Approaches". UNISCI Discussion Papers, nº. 22, (enero de 2010), p. 159, en http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/UNIS/article/view/28250

/*ref*/Major, Claudia y Mölling,,Chritian (2011): "EU Battlegroups: What Contribution to European Defence", SWP, Research Paper nº 8, junio 2011, p. 12., en

/*ref*/Missiroli, Antonio (ed). (2015): Towards an EU Global Strategy – Background, process, references. Paris, EUISS en http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Towards_an_EU_Global_Strategy.pdf

/*ref*/Mölling, Christian. et al (2014). “European Defence Monitoring (EDM)”, Working Paper No 1, SWP: Berlín, en: https://www.swp-berlin.org/fileadmin/contents/products/arbeitspapiere/WP_EuropeanDefenceMonitoring_Jan2014.pdf

/*ref*/NATO, (2015): “Strategic Airlift Interim Solution (SALIS)”, en http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/topics_50106.htm

/*ref*/Rutten, Maartje (2001). "British-French summit, St-Malo, 3-4 December 1998", en: "From St-Malo to Nice. European defence: core documents".EUISS, París, en: http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/cp047e.pdf

/*ref*/Shared Vision, Common Action: A Stronger Europe. A Global Strategy for the European Union’s Foreign and Security Policy, en https://eeas.europa.eu/top_stories/pdf/eugs_review_web.pdf

/*ref*/Simón, Luis (2010): “Command and Control? Planning for EU military operations”. EUISS, Occasional Paper 81, January 2010: París en http://www.iss.europa.eu/uploads/media/Planning_for_EU_military_operations.pdf. Towards a European Global Strategy. Securing European influence in a changing world , May 13, 2013, en http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/wcm/connect/4c2675804fc8b86b80b5caccba746acc/EGS_Report. pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CACHEID=4c2675804fc8b86b80b5caccba746acc

/*ref*/Una Europa segura en un mundo mejor – Estrategia Europea de Seguridad 2003, Bruselas 12 de diciembre de 2003.en https://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cmsUpload/031208ESSIIES.pdf

Direitos

LICENCIA DE USO: Los artículos a texto completo incluidos en el Portal de Revistas Científicas Complutenses son de acceso libre y propiedad de sus autores y/o editores. Por tanto, cualquier acto de reproducción, distribución, comunicación pública y/o transformación total o parcial requiere el consentimiento expreso y escrito de aquéllos. Cualquier enlace al texto completo de los artículos del Portal de Revistas Científicas Complutenses debe efectuarse a la URL oficial de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid

LICENCE OF USE: The full text articles included on the Scientific Journals of the Complutense website are open access and the property of their authors and/or publishers. Therefore, any reproduction, distribution, public communication and/or total or partial transformation requires their express and written consent. Links to the full text of the articles on the Scientific Journals of the Complutense website should be to the official URL of the Complutense University of Madrid.

Fonte

UNISCI Journal; No 42 (2016); 242-276

Revista UNISCI; No 42 (2016); 242-276

Palavras-Chave #Estrategia Global de la Unión Europea; OTAN; Seguridad Europea; Defensa Europea; PCSD; Estrategia de Seguridad; Unión EuropeaBattlegoups; Capacidades militares de la UE; Misiones Petersberg; Tratado de Lisboa; Estrategia Global de Seguridad de la UE #Battlegroups; Military capabilities of the EU; Petersberg Tasks; Lisbon Treaty; Global Security Strategy of the EU
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/article

Artículo revisado por pares

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion