Gravity collapse structures in the Central Precordillera fold-andthrust belt, Argentina
Contribuinte(s) |
CONICET SAN JUAN UNIVERSITY |
---|---|
Data(s) |
20/10/2016
|
Resumo |
Several landforms found in the fold-and-thrust belt area of Central Precordillera, Pre-Andes of Argentina, which were often associated with tectonic efforts, are in fact related to non-tectonic processes or gravitational superficial structures. These second-order structures, interpreted as gravitational collapse structures, have developed in the western flank of sierras de La Dehesa and Talacasto. These include rock-slides, rock falls, wrinkle folds, slip sheets and flaps, among others; which together constitute a monoclinal fold dipping between 30º and 60º to the west. Gravity collapse structures are parallel to the regional strike of the Sierra de la Dehesa and are placed in Ordovician limestones and dolomites. Their sloping towards the west, the presence of bed planes, fractures and joints; and the lithology (limestone interbedded with incompetent argillaceous banks) would have favored their occurrence. Movement of the detached structures has been controlled by lithology characteristics, as well as by bedding and joints. Detachment and initial transport of gravity collapse structures and rockslides in the western flank of the Sierra de la Dehesa were tightly controlled by three structural elements: 1) sliding surfaces developed on parallel bedded strata when dipping >30° in the slope direction; 2) Joint’s sets constitute lateral and transverse traction cracks which release extensional stresses and 3) Discontinuities fragmenting sliding surfaces. Some other factors that could be characterized as local (lithology, structure and topography) and as regional (high seismic activity and possibly wetter conditions during the postglacial period) were determining in favoring the steady loss of the western mountain side in the easternmost foothills of Central Precordillera. Numerosas formas de relieve ubicadas en el área de la faja plegada y corrida de la Precordillera Central de Argentina, que a menudo se asocian con una tectónica compresiva, están de hecho relacionadas con procesos gravitacionales superficiales. Estas estructuras de colapso gravitacional se han desarrollado en el flanco occidental de las sierras de La Dehesa y Talacasto, éstas incluyen deslizamientos, caídas de rocas, pliegues en rodilla, deslizamientos planares y flaps, entre otros; que en conjunto constituyen un pliegue monoclinal que inclina entre 30º y 60º hacia el oeste. Las estructuras de colapso por gravedad son paralelas al rumbo regional de la Sierra de la Dehesa y se originan en calizas y dolomías del Ordovícico. Su pendiente hacia el oeste, la presencia de planos de estratificación, las fracturas y diaclasas; y la litología (intercalaciones de calizas con bancos incompetentes arcillosos) habrían favorecido su ocurrencia. El despegue y transporte inicial de las estructuras gravitacionales y deslizamientos de rocas en el flanco occidental de la Sierra de la Dehesa estuvieron estrechamente controlados por tres elementos estructurales: 1) la estratificación cuando inclina >30° en la dirección de la pendiente; 2) los juegos de diaclasas que constituyen grietas de tracción lateral y transversal que liberan tensiones por tracción; y 3) las discontinuidades que fragmentan superficies deslizantes. Algunos otros factores que podrían caracterizarse como locales (litología, estructura y topografía) y regionales (elevada actividad sísmica y posiblemente condiciones más húmedas durante el período post-glacial) fueron determinantes para favorecer la pérdida de equilibrio de la ladera occidental en las estribaciones orientales de la Precordillera Central. |
Formato |
application/pdf application/pdf |
Identificador |
http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/JIGE/article/view/52747 10.5209/rev_JIGE.2016.v42.n2.52747 |
Publicador |
Ediciones Complutense |
Relação |
http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/JIGE/article/view/52747/49369 http://revistas.ucm.es/index.php/JIGE/article/view/52747/49370 /*ref*/Allmendinger, R., Figueroa, D., Zinder, E., Beer, J., Mpodozis, C., Isacks, B. L. (1990): Foreland shortening and crustal balancing in the Andes at 30ºlatitude.Tectonics 9, 789-809. doi:10.1029/TC009i004p00789 /*ref*/Alonso, J.L., Rodríguez Fernández, L.R. García-Sansegundo, J.,Heredia, N., Farias, P. and Gallastegui, J. (2005): Gondwanic and Andean structure in the Argentine Central Precordillera: the Río San Juan section revisited. 6th International Symposium on Andean Geodynamics. IRD Editions (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement), Extended Abstracts, Paris, 36–39. /*ref*/Alvarez-Marrón, J., Rodríguez-Fernández, R, Heredia, N, Busquets, P., Colombo, F., Brown, D. (2006): Neogene structures overprinting Palaeozoic thrust systems in the Andean Precordillera at 30ºS latitude. Journal of the Geological Society 163, 949-964. doi:10.1144/0016- 76492005-142 /*ref*/Braddock, W.A. (1978): Dakota Group rockslides, northern Front Range, Colorado, U.S.A. In: Voight, B. (Ed.), Rockslides and Avalanches: 1. Natural Phenomena, Developments in Geotechnical Engineering, l4A. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 439–480. /*ref*/Budding, A. J. (1963): Origin and age of superficial structures, Jicarilla Mountains, Central New Mexico. Geological Society of America Bulletin 74, 203-208. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1963)74[203:OAAOSS]2 .0.CO;2 /*ref*/Costa, C., Machette, M., Dart, R., Bastías, H., Paredes, J., Perucca, L., Tello, G., Haller, K. (2000): Map and Database of Quaternary Faults and Folds in Argentina: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00- 0108, 75 p. /*ref*/Cristallini, E.O., Ramos, V.A. (2000): Thick-skinned and thin-skinned thrusting in the La Ramada fold and thrust belt: crustal evolution of the High Andes of San Juan, Argentina (32° SL). Tectonophysics 317, 205-235. doi: 10.1016/S0040-1951(99)00276-0 /*ref*/Cruden, D.M. (2000): Some forms of mountain peaks in the Canadian Rockies controlled by their rock structure. Quaternary International 68-71, 59-65. doi: 10.1016/S1040-6182(00)00032-X /*ref*/Cruden, D.M. (2003): The shapes of cold, high mountains in sedimentary rocks. Geomorphology 55, 249–261. doi: 10.1016/S0169-555X(03)00143-0 /*ref*/Davis, G. A, Friedmann, S. J. (2005): Large-scale gravity sliding in the Miocene Shadow Valley Supradetachment Basin, Eastern Mojave /*ref*/Desert, California. Earth Science Reviews 73, 149-176. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.04.008 /*ref*/de Sitter, L.U. (1954): Gravitational gliding tectonics, an essay on comparative structural geology: American Journal Science 252, 321-344. doi: 10.2475/ajs.252.6.321 /*ref*/Esper-Angillieri, M.Y., Perucca, L., Rothis, M., Tapia Baldis, C., Vargas, N. (2014): Morphometric characterization of a large scale rockslide, and probable seismogenic origin of landslides on the western flank of Central Precordillera, Argentina. Quaternary International 352, 92-99. doi: 10.1016/j.quaint.2014.04.058 /*ref*/Fauqué, L., Tchilinguirian, P. (2002): Villavil rockslides, Catamarca Province, Argentina, in Evans S.G. and DeGraff J.V. eds. Catastrophic landslides: Effects, occurrence and mechanisms: Boulder, Colorado, Geological Society of America Reviews in Engineering Geology 15, 303-324. /*ref*/Furque, G., González, P. y Caballé, M. (1998): Descripción de la hoja cgeológica 3169-II, San José de Jáchal (Provincias de San Juan y La Rioja). Servicio Geológico y Minero Argentino, Boletín 259, 150 p. /*ref*/González, M.A., Fauqué, L. (1996): Estudio de Estabilidad de laderas de la quebrada de la Troya, Sierra de los Colorados, Provincia de la Rioja, Actas de la Asociación de Geología Aplicada a la Ingeniería 10, 109–134. /*ref*/González, M.A., Fauqué, L. (2007): Deslizamiento traslacional (Pandeo), quebrada de la Troya, La Rioja, Argentina. Movimientos en masa en la región Andina: Una guía para la evaluación de amenazas. Proyecto Multinacional Andino: Geociencias para las Comunidades Andinas. Casos Históricos de Movimientos en Masa en la Región Andina, 235-240. /*ref*/Gutiérrez, M., Peña, J.L. (1979): Deslizamientos intracuaternario de bloques en la región de Villel (Provincia de Teruel). Estudios Geológicos 35, 299-303. /*ref*/Harrison, J.V., Falcon, N.L. (1934): Collapse Structures. Geological Magazine 71, 529-539. doi:10.1017/S0016756800095005 /*ref*/Harrison, J.V., Falcon, N.L. (1936): Gravity collapse structures in mountain ranges, as exemplified in south-western Persia. Quarterly Journal Geological Society of London 92, 91-102. /*ref*/Hills, E.S. (1963): Elements of Structural Geology. Methuen. London, 483p. doi: 10.1126/science.143.3609.945-b. /*ref*/Jordan, T.E., Allmendinger, R.W., Damanti, J.F., Drake, R. (1993): Chronology of motion in a complete thrust belt: the Precordillera, 30-31°S, Andes Mountains. Journal of Geology 101, 135-156. doi: 10.1086/648213 /*ref*/Jordan, T.E., Allmendinger, R.W., Brewer, J.A., Ramos, V.A., Ando, C.J. (1983): Andean tectonics related to geometry of subducted Nazca plate. Geological Society of America Bulletin 94, 341-361. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1983)94<341:ATRTGO>2.0.CO;2 /*ref*/Kendrick, E., Bevis, M., Smalley Jr., R., Brooks, B., Vargas, R.B., Lauría, E., Fortes, L. (2003): The Nazca-South America Euler vector and its rate of Change. Journal of South American Earth Sciences 16, 125- 131. doi: 10.1016/S0895-9811(03)00028-2 /*ref*/Kobayashi, T. (1937). The Cambro-Ordovician shelly faunas of South America. Journal Faculty of Sciences, Imperial University of Tokyo, Section 2, 4, 309-522. /*ref*/Mercier E., De Putter T., Mansy J. L., Herbosch A. (1994): L’écaille des Gaux (Ardennes belges): un exemple d’évolution tectono-sédimentaire complexe lors du développement d’un pli de propagation. Geol. Rundsch 83, 170-179. doi: 10.1007/BF00211900 /*ref*/Mercier E., Rafini S., Ahmadi R. (2007). Fold kinematics in Fold-and-Thrust Belts the “Hinge Migration” Question, a Review. In: Lacombe O., Roure F., Lavé J., Vergés J. (Eds.), Thrust Belts and Foreland Basins, Chapter 7. Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-69426-7_7 /*ref*/Moussa, M. (1968): Gravitational gliding in the Flagstaff Formation near Soldier Summit, Utah. Brigham Young University Research Studies. Geology Studies 15, 77-84. /*ref*/Narimani, H., Yassaghi, A., Hasan-Goodarzi, M. (2012): Collapse structures in Dowgonbadan region, Zagros fold- thrust belt. Geopersia 8, 91-99. /*ref*/NASA (2011): ASTER Global Digital Elevation Map V2. http://gdem.ersdac.jspacesystems.or.jp. /*ref*/Ollier, C.D (1981): Tectonics and Landforms. Longman, London, 324 p. /*ref*/Ollier, C.D., Pain C. (2000): The Origin of mountain, London: Routledge. /*ref*/Perrin N.D., Hancox G.T. (1992): Landslide-dammed lakes in New Zealand preliminary studies on their distribution, causes and effects. In D.H. Bell (ed.), Landslides. Glissements de terrain, Balkema, Rotterdam, 1457-1466. /*ref*/Perucca, L., Pérez, M., Navarro, C. (2006): Fenómenos de licuefacción asociados a terremotos históricos. Su análisis en la evaluación del peligro sísmico en la Argentina. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina 61, 567-578. /*ref*/Perucca, L.P., Vargas, H. (2014): Neotectónica de la provincia de San Juan, centro-oeste de Argentina. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 66, 291-304. /*ref*/Saint Bezar B., D. Frizon de Lamotte, J.L. Morel, Mercier, E. (1998): Kinematics of large scale tip line folds from the High Atlas thrust belt (Morocco). Journal of Structural Geology 20, 999-1011. 10.1016/S0191-8141(98)00031-5 /*ref*/Saint Bezar B., D. Frizon de Lamotte, J.L. Morel, Mercier, E. (1999): Kinematics of large scale tip line folds from the High Atlas thrust belt (Morocco): Reply. Journal of Structural Geology 21, 691-693. doi:10.1016/S0191-8141(99)00088-7 /*ref*/Sherkati, S. Molinaro, M., Frizon de Lamotte, D., Letouzey, J. (2005): Detachment folding in the Central and Eastern Zagros fold-belt (Iran): salt mobility, multiple detachments and late basement control. Journal of Structural Geology 27, 1680–1696. doi: 10.106/j.jsg.2005.05.010 /*ref*/Twidale, C.R. (1971): Structural Landforms. The MIT Press, Cambridge, 247 p. /*ref*/Twidale, C.R. (1976): Analysis of Landforms. Wiley. Sydney, 572 p. Von Gosen, W. (1992): Structural evolution of the Argentine Precordillera: the Rio San Juan section. Journal of Structural Geology 14, 643-667. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(92)90124-f |
Direitos |
Commercial rights and copyright: a) The commercial rights of the printed and online versions of Journal of Iberian Geology are property of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) and the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), and the journal must be cited for any partial or full reproduction.b) The authors retain the copyright on their respective papers and are authorized to post them on their own Web page or in their institutional repository. In all cases, the complete citation and a link to the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) of the article must be included. The authors can use excerpts or reproduce illustrations of their respective papers in other works without prior permission of Journal of Iberian Geology provided there is full acknowledgement of its original source including the complete citation.c) The opinions and conclusions stated in each article are the exclusive responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily coincide with those of the UCM and CSIC.d) Submission of a manuscript for publication implies the implicit acceptance of these terms.LICENCE OF USE: The full text articles included on the Scientific Journals of the Complutense website are open access and the property of their authors and/or publishers. Therefore, any reproduction, distribution, public communication and/or total or partial transformation requires their express and written consent. Links to the full text of the articles on the Scientific Journals of the Complutense website should be to the official URL of the Complutense University of Madrid. |
Fonte |
Journal of Iberian Geology; Vol 42, No 2 (2016); 151-160 Journal of Iberian Geology; Vol 42, No 2 (2016); 151-160 |
Palavras-Chave | #GEOMORPHOLOGY #collapse structures; gravity tectonics; fold-and-thrust belt; Andean Precordillera #estructuras de colapso; tectónica gravitacional; faja plegada y corrida; Precordillera |
Tipo |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article Artículo revisado por pares info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |