Biología de la conservación de endemismos vagetales de los parques nacionales canarios

[ES]El presente proyecto se centra en aplicar técnicas de biología molecular, demográficas y de biología reproductiva en cuatro endemismos canarios amenazados que se encuentran total o parcialmente localizados en los parques nacionales de Canarias: Silene nocteolens Webb & Berthel. (Parque Nacional del Teide, Tenerife); Ilex perado ssp. lopezlilloi (G. Kunkel) A. Hansen & Sunding (Parque Nacional Garajonay, La Gomera), Sorbus aria (L.) Crantz (Parque Nacional de la Caldera de Taburiente, La Palma) y Bencomia exstipulata Svent. (parques nacionales del Teide y Caldera de Taburiente). Se estableció un estudio genético a través de marcadores moleculares hipervariables, microsatélites, y se determinó para cada taxón la variación genética de sus poblaciones, para su posterior aplicación en la gestión en el ámbito de la Biología de la conservación de estos taxones.

[EN]Ilex perado ssp. lopezlilloi and I. perado ssp. platyphylla shared the same genetic pool; whereas I. canariensis and I. azorica have strong genetic differentiation. Genetic analysis of the nine polymorphic microsatellite loci characterized in Sorbus aria showed a low genetic variation in the populations from the Canary Islands. On the other hand, there were genetic differentiations among La Palma and Tenerife populations, as well as, among these and those populations from the Peninsula. In regard to peninsula populations, a high genetic diversity was detected in the Sierra Nevada National Park. Also, a triploid pattern was recorded in the samples from the canaries, as well as, many individuals from the Peninsula. Genetic diversity and differentiation in the two natural populations of Silene nocteolens were estimated using the five microsatellites loci isolated and characterized for the species. Equally, these molecular markers showed a high inbreeding degree, mainly in the first stages, due to selfing. Also, we observed that inbreeding coefficient decreases along the different vital stages of the species, and possibly is related with the mortality rate recorded. Reproductive Biology analysis in Bencomia exstipulata showed that the wind is the principal pollen disperser.