APPROXIMATE CALCULATION OF SUMS I: BOUNDS FOR THE ZEROS OF GRAM POLYNOMIALS

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Processo FAPESP: 09/13832-9

Processo FAPESP: 13/23606-1

Let N be a positive integer and x(j) be N equidistant points. We propose an algorithmic approach for approximate calculation of sums of the form Sigma(N)(j=1) F(x(j)). The method is based on the Gaussian type quadrature formula for sums, Sigma F-N(j =1)(x(j)) approximate to Sigma B-n(k=1)n,k F(g(n,k)(N)), n << N,where g(n,k)(N) are the zeros of the so-called Gram polynomials. This allows the calculation of sums with very large number of terms N to be reduced to sums with a much smaller number of summands n. The first task in constructing such a formula is to calculate its nodes g(n,k)(N). In this paper we obtain precise lower and upper bounds for g(n,k)(N). Numerical experiments show that the estimates for the zeros g(n,k)(N) are very sharp and that the proposed method for calculation of sums is efficient.