Eficacia y seguridad de la melatonina para el manejo de los trastornos del sueño en el autismo: meta-análisis
| Contribuinte(s) |
Ibáñez-Pinilla, Milcíades Vallejo Silva, Alexie |
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| Data(s) |
01/02/2016
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| Resumo |
INTRODUCCIÓN: El 80% de los niños y adolescentes con trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) presenta algún trastorno del sueño, en cuya génesis al parecer intervienen alteraciones en la regulación de la melatonina. El objetivo de este metaanálisis fue determinar la eficacia y seguridad de la melatonina para el manejo de ciertos trastornos del sueño en niños con TEA. MÉTODOS: Tres revisores extrajeron los datos relevantes de los ensayos clínicos aleatorizados doble ciego de alta calidad publicados en bases de datos primarias, de ensayos clínicos, de revisiones sistemáticas y de literatura gris; además se realizó búsqueda en bola de nieve. Se analizaron los datos con RevMan 5.3. Se realizó un análisis del inverso de la varianza por un modelo de efectos aleatorios para las diferencias de medias de los desenlaces propuestos: duración del tiempo total, latencia de sueño y número de despertares nocturnos. Se evaluó la heterogeneidad interestudios con el parámetro I2 RESULTADOS: La búsqueda inicial arrojó 355 resultados, de los cuales tres cumplieron los criterios de selección. La melatonina resultó ser un medicamento seguro y eficaz para aumentar la duración total del sueño y disminuir la latencia de sueño en niños y adolescentes con TEA; hasta el momento la evidencia sobre el número de despertares nocturnos no es estadísticamente significativa. DISCUSIÓN: A la luz de la evidencia disponible, la melatonina es una elección segura y eficaz para el manejo de ciertos problemas del sueño en niños y adolescentes con TEA. Es necesario realizar estudios con mayores tamaños muestrales y comparados con otros medicamentos disponibles en el mercado. No aplica INTRODUCTION: Up to 80% of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has a sleep disorder, in whose genesis some alterations in the regulation of melatonin are apparently involved. The aim of this meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy and safety of melatonin for management of certain sleep disorders in children with ASD. METHODS: Three reviewers extracted relevant data from high-quality double-blind randomized clinical trials published in primary, clinical trials, systematic reviews and gray literature databases; further search was conducted in snowball. Data were analyzed with RevMan 5.3. An inverse of variance analysis by random-effects model was made for the mean differences of the proposed outcomes was performed (total sleep time, sleep onset latency and number of nighttime awakenings). Inter-study heterogeneity was evaluated with I2 parameter. RESULTS: The initial search yielded 355 results, of which three met the selection criteria. Melatonin was found to be a safe and effective drug to increase total sleep time and decrease sleep onset latency in children and adolescents with ASD; so far the evidence on the number of night awakenings is not statistically significant. DISCUSSION: According to available evidence, melatonin is a safe and effective choice for managing certain sleep problems in children and adolescents with ASD. Studies are needed with larger sample sizes and comparing with other drugs available in the market. |
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application/pdf |
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spa |
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Facultad de Medicina |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Fonte |
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| Palavras-Chave | #Psiquiatría #616.89 #Psicoanálisis #Trastorno autístico #Trastornos del sueño #Melatonina #Autism #Melatonin #Sleep Disorders |
| Tipo |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |
