Riesgo de hipertensión arterial por ruido laboral: revisión sistemática
Contribuinte(s) |
Briceno-Ayala, Leonardo |
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Data(s) |
04/02/2016
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Resumo |
Introducción: la pérdida auditiva inducida por ruido es el efecto nocivo del ruido más comúnmente estudiado, sin embargo, el ruido también produce trastornos digestivos y del sueño, cambios en los niveles de cortisol, efectos cardiovasculares e hipertensión arterial (HTA), entre otros. Objetivo: determinar si la exposición laboral a ruido induce hipertensión arterial. Materiales y métodos: se siguieron las recomendaciones del método PRISMA para revisiones sistemáticas. Se hizo una búsqueda de estudios en PUBMED utilizando los términos “occupational and noise and hypertension” y aplicando los filtros: 1) publicaciones incluidas entre 2005-2015; 2) estudios publicados en inglés; 3) revisión de títulos y resúmenes; 4) revisión completa de los textos para un total final de 32 estudios. Se hizo la revisión, análisis y resumen de todos los estudios. Resultados: los estudios concluyeron que aquellos portadores de los polimorfismos de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina expuestos a ruido, tuvieron una mayor susceptibilidad genética a tener HTA. Los estudios reportaron una asociación positiva entre ruido e HTA. Hay controversia acerca de la relación que existe entre HTA, ruido y coexposición a otros factores como calor, trabajo por turnos, presencia de solventes o plomo en el lugar de trabajo y carga física. Conclusiones: Se presume que solo los niveles de ruido ≥ 85 dBA tienen efectos negativos sobre la salud, pero se ha encontrado que los efectos no auditivos del ruido se producen por debajo de este parámetro. Recomendaciones: se sugiere el uso de la pérdida auditiva inducida por ruido entre población trabajadora como un método de tamizaje para detectar personas prehipertensas, con el fin prevenir la generación de HTA. Universidad del Rosario Abstract Introduction: noise induced hearing loss is the harmful effect of noise most commonly studied, however, noise also produces digestive and sleep disorders, changes in cortisol levels, cardiovascular effects and hypertension, among others. Objective: to determine whether occupational exposure to noise induces hypertension. Methods: recommendations of the PRISMA method for systematic reviews were followed. A search of studies was made in PUBMED using the terms "occupational and noise and hypertension", moreover next filters were applied: 1) only publications between 2005-2015; 2) studies published in English; 3) review of titles and abstracts; 4) complete review of texts for a total of 32 studies. Results: studies concluded that those carriers of angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphisms exposed to noise had more genetic susceptibility to hypertension. The studies reported a positive association between noise and hypertension. There is controversy about the relationship between hypertension, co-exposure to noise and other factors such as heat, shift work, the presence of solvents, lead or exercise stress in the workplace. Conclusions: it is assumed that only the noise levels ≥ 85 dBA have negative effects on health, but it has been found that non auditory noise effects also occur below this parameter. Recommendations: the use of noise-induced hearing loss is suggested as a method of screening for detecting pre hypertensive workers, in order to prevent the generation of hypertension. |
Formato |
application/pdf |
Identificador | |
Idioma(s) |
spa |
Publicador |
Facultad de Medicina |
Direitos |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
Fonte |
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Palavras-Chave | #Salud ocupacional #613.62 #Salud laboral #Riesgos laborales #Hipertensión #Enfermedades profesionales #arterial hypertension #occupational noise #blood pressure #occupational exposure |
Tipo |
info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion |