Osteomielitis esternal: utilidad de las pruebas de diagnóstico por imágenes con enfoque en medicina nuclear


Autoria(s): Carofilis-Mendoza, Franklin-Moisés; Marín-Oyaga, Víctor-Andrés
Contribuinte(s)

Arévalo Leal, José Sinay

Data(s)

30/11/2015

Resumo

Introducción: El diagnóstico de osteomielitis esternal post-esternotomía resulta difícil empleando síntomas clínicos o de laboratorio y las imágenes morfológicas orientan a sospecha más que al diagnóstico. Un diagnóstico precoz ofrece calidad de vida y el mejor tratamiento para reducir una mortalidad que oscila entre 14% y 47%. La gammagrafía con leucocitos marcados ofrece el mejor rendimiento diagnóstico para infecciones y se destaca como el patrón de oro diagnóstico. Objetivo: Identificar el desempeño y utilidad de la gammagrafía con leucocitos autólogos marcados con 99mTc-HMPAO en los estudios realizados para la evaluación de osteomielitis esternal. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo de prueba diagnóstica en la Fundación Cardioinfantil de Bogotá entre enero/2010 y mayo/2015 evaluando gammagrafías con leucocitos marcados ante la sospecha de osteomielitis posterior a esternotomía. Resultados: Se evaluaron 52 pacientes, en los que la gammagrafía con leucocitos mostró 23 pacientes (44,2%) con osteomielitis esternal, logrando una sensibilidad y especificidad del 88,46% y 100% respectivamente. El valor predictivo positivo fue de 100%, y el valor predictivo negativo fue de 89,66%. El impacto de una prueba negativa no modificó el manejo médico inicial en el 93% de los casos mientras que una prueba positiva lo modificó en el 83%. Conclusiones: La gammagrafía con leucocitos autólogos radiomarcados con 99mTc-HMPAO continúa siendo el patrón de oro de referencia no invasiva para el diagnóstico de osteomielitis, y en el caso de osteomielitis esternal se convierte en la prueba de elección pertinente en la selección de pacientes que ameritan una re-intervención quirúrgica.

Introduction: The diagnosis of sternal osteomyelitis post-sternotomy is difficult using clinical or laboratory symptoms and morphological images more oriented to suspect the diagnosis. Early diagnosis offers quality of life and the best treatment to reduce mortality of between 14% and 47%. Labelled white cell scintigraphy provides the best diagnostic performance for infections and stands out as the diagnostic gold standard. Objective: To identify the performance and usefulness of scintigraphy using labeled leukocytes with 99mTc-HMPAO in studies for the evaluation of sternal osteomyelitis. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study of diagnostic test in Bogota Cardioinfantil Foundation between January/2010 and May/2015 scans were performed evaluating radiolabeled autologous leukocytes in suspected osteomyelitis after sternotomy. Results: 52 patients were evaluated, in which leukocyte scintigraphy showed 23 patients (44.2%) with sternal osteomyelitis, achieving a sensitivity and specificity of 88.46% and 100% respectively. The positive predictive value was 100% and the negative predictive value was 89.66%. The impact of a negative test did not change the initial medical management in 93% of cases while the modified test positive in 83%. Conclusions: The scintigraphy with radiolabeled autologous leukocytes with 99mTc-HMPAO remains the gold standard of reference for the non-invasive diagnosis of osteomyelitis, and in the case of sternal osteomyelitis proof becomes relevant choice in the selection of patients who warrant surgical re-intervention.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/11833

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de Medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Fonte

instname:Universidad del Rosario

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

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TEME

Palavras-Chave #Osteomielitis #Cintigrafía #Leucocitos #Esternotomía #616.71 #Osteomyelitis #Radionuclide imaging #Leukocytes #Sternotomy
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion