Factores asociados a la aparición de mediastinitis en revascularizacion miocárdica


Autoria(s): Parada Duarte, Julian Mauricio
Contribuinte(s)

Umaña Mallarino, Juan Pablo

Data(s)

20/12/2012

Resumo

Objetivos: La mediastinitis se presenta hasta en el 4% de los pacientes sometidos a revascularización miocárdica, con un mortalidad hospitalaria reportada del 14 al 47%, generando aumento en los costos de atención, deterioro de la calidad de vida y la sobrevida a largo plazo del enfermo; su etiología es multifactorial. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar cuáles antecedentes clínicos del paciente y factores relacionados con el procedimiento quirúrgico se asocian con la aparición mediastinitis. Métodos: Diseño de casos y controles anidado en una cohorte histórica de pacientes sometidos a revascularización miocárdica en el periodo de enero de 2005 a julio de 2011. Los pacientes con mediastinitis se compararon con un grupo control sin mediastinitis tomados del mismo grupo de riesgo en una relación 1:4, y pareados por fecha de cirugía. El diagnóstico de mediastinitis se hizo con criterios clínicos, de laboratorio y hallazgos quirúrgicos. Resultados: Se identificaron 30 casos en ese periodo. Los factores asociados a la aparición del evento fueron: Diabetes Mellitus OR 2,3 (1.1- 4,9), uso de circulación extracorpórea OR 2,4 (1,1 -5.5), tiempo de perfusión OR 1,1 (1,1 – 1.3) y pacientes mayores de 70 años OR 1.1 (1,2-1-4). Conclusiones: La mediastinitis sigue siendo una complicación de baja prevalencia con consecuencias devastadoras. El impacto clínico y económico de esta complicación debe obligar a los grupos quirúrgicos a crear estrategias de prevención con base en el conocimiento de los factores de riesgo de su población.

Objective: Mediastinitis occurs in up to 4% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with reported hospital mortality from 14 to 47%, with increased care costs, deteriorating quality of life and long-term survival; the etiology is multifactorial. The aim of this study was to establish which risk factors preoperative as well as those related to the surgical procedure are associated with development mediastinitis. Methods: We designed a nested case-control study in a historical cohort of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting between January 2005 and July 2011. Patients with mediastinitis were compared with a control group without mediastinitis taken from the same risk group in a 1:4 ratio and matched for date of surgery. The diagnosis of mediastinitis was based on clinical, laboratory, and surgical findings. Results: We identified 30 cases of mediastinitis in that period with 120 controls. Factors associated with the occurrence of the event were: Diabetes Mellitus OR 2.3 (1.1-4.9), use cardiopulmonary bypass OR 2.4 (1.1 -5.5), CPB time OR 1.1 (1,1 -1.3), age > 70 OR 1.1 (1,2-1,4). Conclusion: Despite a low prevalence, mediastinitis remains a devastating complication. The clinical and economic impact of which should be surgical groups to develop preventive strategies based on knowledge of risk factors for its population.

Formato

application/pdf

Identificador

http://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/4161

Idioma(s)

spa

Publicador

Facultad de Medicina

Direitos

info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Fonte

reponame:Repositorio Institucional EdocUR

instname:Universidad del Rosario

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TEME 0122 2012

Palavras-Chave #CARDIOLOGÍA - INVESTIGACIONES #SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR - CIRUGÍA - COMPLICACIONES #MEDIASTINITIS - ETIOLOGÍA #Mediastinitis #coronary artery bypass graft #risk factors #, Coronary artery disease
Tipo

info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis

info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion