How fast and how often: the pharmacokinetics of drug use are decisive in addiction


Autoria(s): Allain, Florence; Minogianis, Ellie-Anna; Roberts, David C.S.; Samaha, Anne-Noël
Contribuinte(s)

Faculté de médecine - Département de pharmacologie

Data(s)

27/07/2015

27/07/2015

01/09/2015

Resumo

How much, how often and how fast a drug reaches the brain determine the behavioural and neuroplastic changes associated with the addiction process. Despite the critical nature of these variables, the drug addiction field often ignores pharmacokinetic issues, which we argue can lead to false conclusions. First, we review the clinical data demonstrating the importance of the speed of drug onset and of intermittent patterns of drug intake in psychostimulant drug addiction. This is followed by a review of the preclinical literature demonstrating that pharmacokinetic variables play a decisive role in determining behavioural and neurobiological outcomes in animal models of addiction. This literature includes recent data highlighting the importance of intermittent, ‘spiking’ brain levels of drug in producing an increase in the motivation to take drug over time. Rapid drug onset and intermittent drug exposure both appear to push the addiction process forward most effectively. This has significant implications for refining animal models of addiction and for better understanding the neuroadaptations that are critical for the disorder.

Identificador

Allain, F., Minogianis, E. A., Roberts, D. C., Samaha, A. N.. How Fast and How Often : The Pharmacokinetics of Drug Use Are Decisive in Addiction (2015, September). Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 56, 166-179.

0149-7634

1873-7528

http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12218

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.06.012

Idioma(s)

en

Relação

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews;56

Palavras-Chave #Drug addiction #Pharmacokinetics #Cocaine #Route of drug intake #Speed of drug delivery #Intermittent drug exposure
Tipo

Article