FABP4 Dynamics in Obesity: Discrepancies in Adipose Tissue and Liver Expression Regarding Circulating Plasma Levels.

BACKGROUND FABP4 is predominantly expressed in adipose tissue, and its circulating levels are linked with obesity and a poor atherogenic profile. OBJECTIVE In patients with a wide BMI range, we analyze FABP4 expression in adipose and hepatic tissues in the settings of obesity and insulin resistance. Associations between FABP4 expression in adipose tissue and the FABP4 plasma level as well as the main adipogenic and lipolytic genes expressed in adipose tissue were also analyzed. METHODS The expression of several lipogenic, lipolytic, PPAR family and FABP family genes was analyzed by real time PCR. FABP4 protein expression in total adipose tissues and its fractions were determined by western blot. RESULTS In obesity FABP4 expression was down-regulated (at both mRNA and protein levels), with its levels mainly predicted by ATGL and inversely by the HOMA-IR index. The BMI appeared as the only determinant of the FABP4 variation in both adipose tissue depots. FABP4 plasma levels showed a significant progressive increase according to BMI but no association was detected between FABP4 circulating levels and SAT or VAT FABP4 gene expression. The gene expression of FABP1, FABP4 and FABP5 in hepatic tissue was significantly higher in tissue from the obese IR patients compared to the non-IR group. CONCLUSION The inverse pattern in FABP4 expression between adipose and hepatic tissue observed in morbid obese patients, regarding the IR context, suggests that both tissues may act in a balanced manner. These differences may help us to understand the discrepancies between circulating plasma levels and adipose tissue expression in obesity.

Journal Article;

This work was supported by Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria (FIS) 07/1024, 08/1195, CB06/03/0018, CP07/0095 and PI081655, 10/00967, 11/00085 from the Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; with the participation of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) SAF-2009-10461 from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MICINN), the Servicio Andaluz de Salud (PI325/2008) and Fundación Mutua Madrileñaa, Spain (BP). LGS and VCM are supported by fellowships from the Juan de la Cierva programme (JdlC) (JCI200904086 and JCI-2010-06395). CIBERs are an ISCIII Project.