Innovation as a Meta-Attribute for Graduate Engineers

This paper reviews the attitudes, skills and knowledge that engineering innovators should possess. It critically analyses and compares sets of graduate attributes from the USA, Australia and Malaysia in terms of which of these relate to the ability to innovate. Innovation can be described as an integrative, meta attribute that overarches most of the other graduate attributes. Due to the “graduate attribute paradox”, it is shown how meeting the stated attributes of graduates by industry does not necessarily satisfy the requirements of industry. It is argued that the culture of the engineering school is an important influence on fostering innovation in engineers.