Acute, subacute toxicity and mutagenic effects of anacardic acids from cashew (Anacardium occidentale Linn.) in mice


Autoria(s): CARVALHO, Ana Laura Nicoletti; ANNONI, Raquel; SILVA, Paula Regina Pereira; BORELLI, Primavera; FOCK, Ricardo Ambrosio; TREVISAN, Maria Teresa Salles; MAUAD, Thais
Contribuinte(s)

UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO

Data(s)

19/10/2012

19/10/2012

2011

Resumo

Aim of the study: Anacardium occidentale Linn. (cashew) is a Brazilian plant that is usually consumed in natura and is used in folk medicine. Anacardic acids (AAs) in the cashew nut shell liquid are biologically active as gastroprotectors, inhibitors of the activity of various deleterious enzymes, antitumor agents and antioxidants. Yet, there are no reports of toxicity testing to guarantee their use in vivo models. Materials and methods: We evaluated AAs biosafety by measuring the acute, subacute and mutagenic effects of AAs administration in BALB/c mice. In acute tests, BALB/c mice received a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg, whereas animals in subacute tests received 300, 600 and 1000 mg/kg for 30 days. Hematological, biochemical and histological analyses were performed in all animals. Mutagenicity was measured with the acute micronucleus test 24 h after oral administration of 250 mg/kg AAs. Results: Our results showed that the AAs acute minimum lethal dose in BALB/c mice is higher than 2000 mg/kg since this concentration did not produce any symptoms. In subacute tests, females which received the highest doses (600 or 1000 mg/kg) were more susceptible, which was seen by slightly decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin levels coupled with a moderate increase in urea. Anacardic acids did not produce any mutagenic effects. Conclusions: The data indicate that doses less than 300 mg/kg did not produce biochemical and hematological alterations in BALB/c mice. Additional studies must be conducted to investigate the pharmacological potential of this natural substance in order to ensure their safe use in vivo. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil)[2007/05033-3]

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq, Brasilia, Brazil)

Identificador

JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, v.135, n.3, p.730-736, 2011

0378-8741

http://producao.usp.br/handle/BDPI/19630

10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.002

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.002

Idioma(s)

eng

Publicador

ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD

Relação

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Direitos

restrictedAccess

Copyright ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD

Palavras-Chave #Anacardic acids #Anacardium occidentale #Acute toxicity #Subacute toxicity #Mutagenicity #RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS #6-NONADECYL SALICYLIC-ACID #NUT SHELL LIQUID #HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE #HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS #HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT #ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY #APPLE JUICE #INHIBITION #AGENTS #Plant Sciences #Chemistry, Medicinal #Integrative & Complementary Medicine #Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tipo

article

original article

publishedVersion