Time trends and predictors of mortality from ill-defined causes in old age: 9 year folllow-up of the Bambuí cohort study (Brazil)

The study objective was to examine differentials in time trends and predictors of deaths assigned to symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions in comparison with other ill-defined conditions (ill-defined cardiovascular diseases, cancer and injury) in a population-based cohort study. Of 1,606 baseline participants aged 60 years and over, 524 died during 9-year follow-up and were included in this study. Deaths coded to "symptoms" declined by 77% in the period from 1997-1999 to 2003-2005. Deaths coded to other ill-defined conditions remained unchanged. The calendar period 2003-2005 (RR = 0.25; 95%CI: 0.09-0.70) and in-hospital deaths (RR = 0.16; 95%CI: 0.08-0.34) were independently associated with "symptoms", but not with other ill-defined conditions. Baseline socio-demographic characteristics and chronic diseases were not predictors of these outcomes. International and national agencies have focused on the reduction of deaths assigned to "symptoms" to improve the registration of vital statistics, while other ill-defined conditions have received little attention. Our data provide evidence supporting the need to redress this situation.

As tendências e os determinantes dos óbitos codificados como sinais, sintomas e afecções mal definidas ("sintomas") foram comparados a outras causas mal definidas (algumas doenças cardiovasculares, neoplasias e causas externas). De 1.606 participantes da coorte de base populacional de idosos de Bambuí, Minas Gerais, Brasil, 524 faleceram em nove anos de seguimento e foram incluídos no estudo. As mortes por "sintomas" diminuíram 77% entre 1997-1999 e 2003-2005. Os óbitos por outras causas mal definidas permaneceram inalterados. O período de 2003-2005 (RR = 0,25; IC95%: 0,09-0,70) e os óbitos hospitalares (RR = 0,16; IC95%: 0,08-0,34) associaram-se independentemente com "sintomas", e não com as outras causas mal definidas. Características sócio-demográficas e doenças crônicas na linha de base não apresentaram associações com esses eventos. Estratégias para a redução dos óbitos por "sintomas" têm sido priorizadas por agências internacionais e nacionais, enquanto os óbitos por outras causas mal definidas têm recebido pouca atenção. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de estratégias para mudar essa situação.

Brazilian Ministry of Health - Health Surveillance Secretariat

(CNPq) Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development