A etnoarqueologia no Brasil: ciência e sociedade no contexto da redemocratização

Dissertação mest., Arqueologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2008

Questions relative to the ethnicity have been very important for the construction of the identities of the Brazilian people, and constitutes focus of interest of many social and human sciences, amongst which the Ethnoarchaeology, as well as of some governmental and civil organizations. Thus, The aim of the present work is to investigate the theoretical and methodological perspectives used in scientific texts in Ethnoarchaeology, published in Brazil from the decade of 1980, period from which it is developed in national level two important sources of this science, the Processualism, developed internationally from the decade of 1960 and the contextualism that has beginning already in the decade of 1980. The focus of this study are MA thesis and PH dissertations from the above mentioned period and related to scientific field treated here, to obtain information on the employed methodologies and the theoretical field, as well as constructing a picture of penetration of this scientific field in Brazil. Another objective is to analyze texts divulged, during the period in question, from No- Governmental Organizations about ethnicity, in particular the work of the World Archaeological Congress, with the objective to perceive how the Archaeology and other sciences have provoked social questionings concerning this theme. Finally these data will be related to the social and political transformations of Brazil during the two last decades with the purpose to perceive how the historical context of the country has influencied this scientific field and its power of social influence.