Initial failure of mechanically fastened joints with offset loading

<p>In this preliminary study the initial failure of a bolted composite joint was investigated. The results of an experimental program using two simple beams bolted together with offset loading are presented. These test specimens were used to simulate a typical skin-spar attachment in a composite wing undergoing hydraulic shock. Initial failure was found to be due to a prying force induced at the outer sections of the joint leading to transverse shear failure.</p>