不同干扰条件下社会认知偏离者两半球协同功能研究

Previous studies have witnessed some psychological or behavioral deviation (such as aggressive behavior) might have an association with cerebral hemisphere cooperative dysfunction, however, it is still unclear whether there is an association between individuals with social cognitive bias and their hemispheric cooperative functions especially while the interhemisphere cooperative processing is under the conditions of emotional interferences. The purpose of this study is to explore the differences between the social cognitive bias group and the normal group’s interhemispheric cooperative functional activity under the conditions of with or without interferences. Methods: According to Dodge’s (1993) model of “social-cognitive mechanisms in the development of conduct disorder and depression”, a 51 items of “social cognitive bias scale” was created and was used to screen the high score group. 20 male subjects was composed of high score group and other 23 matched the control group. Stimulus tachistoscopically presented to the bilateral visual field and compared with the central. Both group’s interhemispheric cooperative functional activity were observed and compared under the conditions of without interference- i.e. base level and with the emotional interferences of white noise level and negative evaluative feedback speech level while finishing: experiment one: Chinese word-figure Stroop analogue task; experiment two: two single Chinese Characters combination task. Heart rate and respiratory rate were simultaneously recorded as index of emotional changes. Results: ① The high score group showed a decrease in processing accuracy compared with the normal group under the condition of white noise interference level in experiment one. ② Still under the condition of white noise interference level, there were more reaction time and more errors were observed in high score group than normal in experiment two. ③ Both groups showed speed up effect and the strategic processing tendency of speed-accuracy trade-off effect under the condition of white noise interference level in both experiments. ④ Between group differences of interhemipheric cooperative function were not observed under the conditions of base level and the negative evaluative feedback speech level within both experiments. Conclusion: The results suggested that interhemispheric cooperative functional differences exists between the two groups, characterized as ① differences existed in interhemispheric cooperative processing strategy between the two groups, with the high score group presented “hierarchic” deficiency strategy. ② the appearance of the differences between the two groups were condition specified , and in this research it was only under the white noise interference condition. ③ the features of the differences between the two groups were the differences on multidimensional performances and with a deficit orientation in high score group. ④ the varieties of the differences were changing with cooperative tasks, as in this research the high score group performed worse in complementary cooperative task. In addition, both group adjusted the processing strategy respectively under the condition of white noise evoked emotional interference implied that the interaction between the interhemisphere cooperative processing and emotion might exist.

有研究初步证明，心理与行为异常（如攻击行为）与大脑半球协同功能活动紊乱之间存在联系，但社会认知偏离与大脑半球协同功能之间的关系，特别是当协同处于情绪干扰时的关系有待阐明。该论文的研究目的：探讨社会认知偏离者与正常人之间，两半球协同功能活动性在无干扰和有干扰条件下是否存在差异。研究方法：根据Dodge（1993）“品行障碍和抑郁发展的社会认知机制”模型，编制了51题组成的《社会认知偏好问卷》，并筛选出具有认知偏离高分的被试组成高分组，20人，男性。匹配的对照组23人。采用双边与中视野速示刺激呈现比较方法，观察两组在无干扰条件下以及在白噪音和言语负反馈引起的情绪干扰条件下完成——研究一：图、字Stroop效应；研究二：真、假汉字组拼任务时，两半球协同功能状况。同时记录心率和呼吸的变化作为情绪变化指标。研究结果：①图、字Stroop效应实验中，在白噪音干扰条件下，观察到高分组较对照组加工精确度的降低；②真、假汉字组拼实验中，在白噪音干扰条件下，观察到高分组较对照组反应时的增加伴随错误率的增加；③两个研究中均观察到两组加工速度的加速效应以及加工策略的速度——准确度权衡效应倾向；④两个研究中，未观察到无干扰条件和言语负反馈条件下的组间差异。研究结论：该研究提示，社会认知偏离者与正常人之间两半球协同功能存在差异。主要表现为：①两组之间半球间协同加工策略的差异，高分组表现为“等级性”低效策略；②两组之间差异的存在是条件特定的，即在受到情绪干扰时；③两组之间的差异表现为高分组多维度绩效的差异和缺陷向量上的差异；④两组之间差异的多少，随协同任务不同而变化，在该研究中两半球完成协同互补任务时，高分组的协同活动性更差。另外，该研究还提示，在白噪音引起的情绪干扰条件下两组共同表现出两半球加工策略的调整，表明此时情绪与大脑两半球协同加工具有交互作用。