黄土区渭北旱塬苹果基地对区域水循环的影响

通过对苹果地、农田和其他塬面主要土地利用方式的比较研究 ,发现苹果地土壤入渗速率大、降雨产流率低和存在生物利用型土壤干层。这些水文学性质将增强土壤 -植物 -大气间垂直水分交换 ,削弱降雨转化为地表径流和地下水的比例 ,最终影响区域地表和地下水资源的数量。另外土壤干层的出现还削弱了土壤水库对年际和季节性干旱的调节作用 ,导致苹果产量随降雨量的自然变化呈现较大波动

Weibei Upland in southern part of Loess Plateau is a commercial apple base where the increase of apple planting area has seriously affected the regional water cycle. This paper studies the effects of different land use patterns on hydrological parameters. The main results are as following: (1) The initial and steady rates of infiltration in apple orchard were higher than those in grassland, naked land and farmland. Their initial rates of infiltration were 0 823 cm/min , 0 215 cm/min, 0 534 cm/min and...