水库集水区水土保持与流域产水量——以密云水库上游潮白河流域为例

针对密云水库上游承德"21世纪水资源可持续利用项目"中水土流失治理后来水减少,加剧下游城市(北京)水资源供需矛盾的问题,探讨集水区减少水土保持用水,增加流域产水量,从而水资源在下游(首都圈)发挥最大效益的思路。在将流域分成3种类型区的基础上,提出了流域分区治理方案及其标准:1)生态产水功能区,以增加产水供给下游为主要目的,提出以需水量最低的低覆盖度草地配置为主的水土流失坡面治理模式和减少蓄水、增大拦沙的弱化与强化相结合的沟道治理模式;2)生产生活功能区,以满足流域基本粮食生产为主要目的,提出以黄土丘陵区坝地为主的水土流失治理模式及其标准;3)生态产水与生产生活复合功能区,兼顾二者功能,提出以需水量中等的灌木林和疏林配置为主的水土流失治理模式及标准。

Focusing on the problems of the decrease of the supplying water to the lower reaches caused by the soil and water conservation in Chengde area and the increasing conflict between water demand and supply of the lower reaches(Beijing),a guideline to increase of water yield by decreasing of water use of soil and water conservation was discussed.The watershed was divided into three zones and the soil and water conservation patterns was brought out according to zone division.1)Ecological water-yielding zone,the ...