沃特和PAM施用方式对土壤水分及玉米生长的影响

为了鉴别沃特保水剂和PAM不同施用方式的施用效果,在陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区开展了撒施、沟施、穴施对土壤水含量和玉米生长影响的田间试验。结果表明不同施用方式提高了0～10cm土层土壤水含量,而30～40cm土层土壤水含量则随降水量的多少呈现出不同的规律性。随着玉米的生长,不同施用方式影响的土层深度逐渐加深,从三叶期0～50cm土层增加到成熟期的0～200cm土层,土壤水含量表现为沟施、穴施高于撒施,撒施高于对照。3种施用方式对玉米出苗无显著影响,但均提高了玉米生物量、籽粒产量、水分利用效率,降低了玉米的耗水量,其中沟施、穴施的效果强于撒施。沃特、PAM相同施用方式对土壤水含量和玉米生长无显著影响,且沟施和穴施之间无显著性差异,但沃特单位施用量单位面积的增产量高于PAM。玉米生产中,沃特、PAM应以沟施或穴施为主。

In order to determine the effects of Wote super absorbent and PAM with various application methods,field experiments were conducted to investigate their effects on soil moisture and maize growth in the loess hilly and gully areas of northern Shaanxi Province.Wote super absorbent and PAM were applied with three treatments of broadcasting,furrowing,and holing.The results showed that the three treatments could increase soil moisture within 10 cm deep below soil surface,while soil moisture in 30～40 cm layer sho...