黄土高原长期施用磷肥效应研究

以黄土高原长期定位试验为基础,研究施一定量氮肥(90 kg/hm2)的前提下,长期施用磷肥对黄土高原旱作冬小麦的肥料效应。结果表明,长期施用磷肥的农田施磷仍能显著提高小麦的产量,增产量达1393.75~2121.00kg/hm2,增产率为48.41%~73.67%,本试验中施磷39.6 kg/hm2时小麦产量达最大值5000 kg/hm2,这与小麦成穗数最大时的施肥量结果一致;产量与施磷量关系用回归方程Y=-0.8667X2+82.641X+3008.4(R2=0.92)拟合效果良好;施磷主要是通过影响小麦成穗数来影响小麦产量,而对穗粒数和千粒重的促进作用不明显;施磷还可促进小麦对氮磷钾养分的吸收利用,提高肥料的肥效和利用率;施磷过少不能满足作物需求,小麦产量较低,施磷过多小麦产量不会随施肥量的增加继续提高,反而有一定幅度的下降。

Based on the long-term fertilization experiment of Loess Plateau,the effect of long-term P fertilization on winter wheat yield was sudied under certain amount of N fertilier(90 kg/ha).The results showed that the yield of wheat with P fertilization is still increased obviously in the field with long-term P fertilization.The wheat yield increased by1 393.75-2 121.00 kg/ha and 48.41%-73.67% higher compared to the control treatment.The wheat yield reached the highest value 5 000 kg/ha in the P treatment of 39.6...