定植穴对局部土壤物理性质及苹果生长的影响

为了探索陕北黄土丘陵沟壑区苹果栽植成活率低、树体生长状况差的原因,对3种定植穴土壤物理性状及苹果生长状况进行了监测研究。结果表明定植沟、大定植穴降低了0～100cm土层土壤容重和开挖到雨季的土壤水分,其中开挖到定植是土壤水分散失的主要阶段。定植沟、大定植穴提高了0～100cm土层土壤总孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度和地面塌陷深度,相对提高了雨季期间的土壤水分,提高了枝条失水量和抽条指数,造成苗木成活率降低,树体生长量和产量降低。陕北丘陵沟壑区栽植苹果不宜采用雨季后开挖定植沟、大定植穴,翌年春季定植;春季定植时应以普通定植穴为主,并边挖边栽。

Apple seedlings in the loess hilly and gully regions of northern Shaanxi had low livability and poor growth.In order to explore the reasons,soil physical properties and apple growth were monitored by three treatments which were common planting hole,planting ditch and big planting hole.The results showed that soil bulk density and soil moisture in 0-100 cm layer were less in planting ditch and big planting hole treatments than in control treatment,and soil moisture lost mainly from digging to planting.For pl...