Photovoltaic and electroluminescence characters in hybrid ZnO and conjugated polymer bulk heterojunction devices

We report electroluminescence in hybrid ZnO and conjugated polymer poly[2-methoxy-5-(3', 7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] (MDMO-PPV) bulk heterojuriction photovoltaic cells. Photolummescence quenching experimental results indicate that the ultra,fast photoinduced electron transfer occurs from MDMO-PPV to ZnO under illumination. The ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer effect is induced because ZnO has an electron affinity about 1.2 eV greater than that of MDMO-PPV. Electron 'back transfer' can occur if the interfacial barrier between ZnO and MDMO-PPV can be overcome by applying a substantial electric field. Therefore, electroluminescence action due to the fact that the back transfer effect can be observed in the ZnO:MDMO-PPV devices since a forward bias is applied. The photovoltaic and electroluminescence actions in the same ZnO:MDMO-PPV device can be induced by different injection ways: photoinjection and electrical injection. The devices are expected to provide an opportunity for dual functionality devices with photovoltaic effect and electroluminescence character.