Influence of fused interface on the optical and thermal characteristics of vertical cavity lasers

From the effective absorption coefficient of bonded interface and the relationship of interface to reflectivity at cavity mode for double bonded vertical cavity laser, it can be seen that bonded interfaces should be positioned at the null of standing wave distribution, and the thickness of interface should be less than 20 nm. Using the finite elements method, the temperature contour map of laser can be calculated. Results showed that the influence of thin interface to thermal characteristics of VCSELS is slight, while thick interface will lead to temperature increase of active region. SEM images demonstrate that hydrophobic bonding is suitable for the fabrication of the device, while hydrophilic bonding interface is unfavorable to optical and thermal properties of devices with interface thickness larger than 40 nm.