Neurotransmitter signaling in the pathophysiology of microglia
Data(s) |
24/01/2014
24/01/2014
2013
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Resumo |
Erratun publicado en Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 7 : (2013) // Article ID 107 Microglial cells are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system. In the resting state, microglia are highly dynamic and control the environment by rapidly extending and retracting motile processes. Microglia are closely associated with astrocytes and neurons, particularly at the synapses, and more recent data indicate that neurotransmission plays a role in regulating the morphology and function of surveying/resting microglia, as they are endowed with receptors for most known neurotransmitters. In particular, microglia express receptors for ATP and glutamate, which regulate microglial motility. After local damage, the release of ATP induces microgliosis and activated microglial cells migrate to the site of injury, proliferate, and phagocytose cells, and cellular compartments. However, excessive activation of microglia could contribute to the progression of chronic neurodegenerative diseases, though the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Microglia have the capacity to release a large number of substances that can be detrimental to the surrounding neurons, including glutamate, ATP, and reactive oxygen species. However, how altered neurotransmission following acute insults or chronic neurodegenerative conditions modulates microglial functions is still poorly understood. This review summarizes the relevant data regarding the role of neurotransmitter receptors in microglial physiology and pathology. |
Identificador |
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 7 : (2013) // Article ID 49 1662-5102 http://hdl.handle.net/10810/11275 10.3389/fncel.2013.00049 |
Idioma(s) |
eng |
Publicador |
Frontiers Research Foundation |
Relação |
http://www.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2013.00049/full http://www.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2013.00107/full |
Direitos |
©2013 Domercq, Vázquez-Villoldo and Matute.This is an open-access article distributed under the termsof the CreativeCommonsAttribution License, whichpermitsuse,distribution and reproduction in other forums,provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc.. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
Palavras-Chave | #microglia #ATP #glutamate #purinergic and glutamatergic receptors |
Tipo |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |