Study of symmetrical and related components through the theory of linear vector spaces

The paper proposes a study of symmetrical and related components, based on the theory of linear vector spaces. Using the concept of equivalence, the transformation matrixes of Clarke, Kimbark, Concordia, Boyajian and Koga are shown to be column equivalent to Fortescue's symmetrical-component transformation matrix. With a constraint on power, criteria are presented for the choice of bases for voltage and current vector spaces. In particular, it is shown that, for power invariance, either the same orthonormal (self-reciprocal) basis must be chosen for both voltage and current vector spaces, or the basis of one must be chosen to be reciprocal to that of the other. The original �¿, ��, 0 components of Clarke are modified to achieve power invariance. For machine analysis, it is shown that invariant transformations lead to reciprocal mutual inductances between the equivalent circuits. The relative merits of the various components are discussed.