Cómo analizar los tipos de discurso : (estudio teórico y aplicación práctica: selección de textos para el comentario).

Resumen tomado de la publicación

[¿Existen en la actualidad representaciones genuinas de las razas y tipos primitivos?] : discurso leído en la Universidad Central por el Licenciado D. Enrique de Frau y de Mesa en el acto de recibir la investidura de Doctor en Medicina.

Tesis doctoral Univ. Central, 1861.

[¿Existen en la actualidad representaciones genuinas de las razas y tipos primitivos?] : discurso leido en el Paraninfo de la Universidad Central... en el acto solemne de recibir la investidura de Doctor en Medicina /

Tesis, Univ. Central (Madrid), 1862.

[¿Existen en la actualidad genuinas representaciones de las razas y tipos primitivos?] : discurso pronunciado ante el claustro de la Universidad Central, por Jesús Novoa y López en el solemne acto de recibir la investidura de Doctor en la referida Facultad.

Tesis Universidad Central, 1865.

Análisis del contenido del discurso cooperativo de los profesores de ciencias en contextos de innovación didáctica.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación

Escravo moderno em discurso: figuras de ação e ação em discurso nas representações do agir humano

This work has as object of study a social practice: modern slavery of workers in the sugar cane, and aims to present a reflection on maintenance, eradication or modification of this practice. This reflection bases itself upon the concepts of discourse advocated by Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough, 2001, 2003, 2006 and Chouliaraki; Fairclough, 1999) associated with Sociodiscursive Interactionism (Bronckart, 1999, 2006, 2008), and the concept of action figures, proposed by Bulea (2010). We follow the five steps outlined in Chouliaraki and Fairclough (1999): a) emphasis on a social problem, b) introduction and discussion of obstacles to tackle the problem, c) considerations concern the problem in practice d) identifying possible ways to past the obstacles, and e) reflection about the analyst role within the problem. In order to achieve step (b) in its discourse materiality axis, it has been identified the thematic content, discourse types, enunciative mechanisms and action figures of testimonials of sugar cane workers and other subjects involved with the problem in the documentaries Bagaço (2006, and Tabuleiro de Cana, Xadrez de Cativeiro (2006). These documentaries bring to the screen a little of sugar cane workers reality within an overexploitation, human rights disrespects and forced work. The analysis of textual/discursive aspects of testimonials has shown the ways in which the (de)construction of the representation of sugar cane action allows understanding of how the problem emerges and how it is rooted in the organization of social life. The general result of this reflection point to the internalization of social practices deep-rooted in evaluations of the sugar cane worker subjective world and from social world values, opinions and rules. The results also show that, in their discourse, workers assume their slavery sometimes consciously, sometimes unconsciously, but only suggest a reaction against the oppression imposed on them because they have internalized and naturalized their enslavement.

Escravo moderno em discurso: figuras de ação e ação em discurso nas representações do agir humano

This work has as object of study a social practice: modern slavery of workers in the sugar cane, and aims to present a reflection on maintenance, eradication or modification of this practice. This reflection bases itself upon the concepts of discourse advocated by Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough, 2001, 2003, 2006 and Chouliaraki; Fairclough, 1999) associated with Sociodiscursive Interactionism (Bronckart, 1999, 2006, 2008), and the concept of action figures, proposed by Bulea (2010). We follow the five steps outlined in Chouliaraki and Fairclough (1999): a) emphasis on a social problem, b) introduction and discussion of obstacles to tackle the problem, c) considerations concern the problem in practice d) identifying possible ways to past the obstacles, and e) reflection about the analyst role within the problem. In order to achieve step (b) in its discourse materiality axis, it has been identified the thematic content, discourse types, enunciative mechanisms and action figures of testimonials of sugar cane workers and other subjects involved with the problem in the documentaries Bagaço (2006, and Tabuleiro de Cana, Xadrez de Cativeiro (2006). These documentaries bring to the screen a little of sugar cane workers reality within an overexploitation, human rights disrespects and forced work. The analysis of textual/discursive aspects of testimonials has shown the ways in which the (de)construction of the representation of sugar cane action allows understanding of how the problem emerges and how it is rooted in the organization of social life. The general result of this reflection point to the internalization of social practices deep-rooted in evaluations of the sugar cane worker subjective world and from social world values, opinions and rules. The results also show that, in their discourse, workers assume their slavery sometimes consciously, sometimes unconsciously, but only suggest a reaction against the oppression imposed on them because they have internalized and naturalized their enslavement.

O género memórias. Análise linguística e perspetiva didática

Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em Linguística

Proposta Interacionista para a Prática de Revisão de Texto: o padrão discursivo dos textos académicos

Nesta dissertação, apresenta-se uma proposta interacionista para a prática de revisão de texto, através de um instrumento de recurso que integra os pressupostos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (ISD), bem como contributos dos principais modelos de revisão da escrita que têm sido desenvolvidos a partir da perspetiva da Psicologia Cognitiva. Além disso, propõe-se, a partir das noções de géneros de texto e de tipos de discurso, centrais no quadro teórico do ISD, a integração neste instrumento da noção de padrão discursivo – noção por nós desenvolvida. Para discutir a aplicabilidade desta proposta, analisa-se um corpus constituído por textos de dois géneros académicos – o artigo científico e a recensão crítica – de duas áreas científicas – a área da Linguística e a área da Sociologia. A partir desta aplicação e análise, defende-se, por um lado, a transposição dos pressupostos do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo para a prática de revisão de texto e, por outro, a aplicação da noção de padrão discursivo no âmbito dessa mesma prática, bem como o seu contributo para novas perspetivas de análise dos textos e dos géneros textuais, sobretudo no que respeita à sua operacionalidade na identificação e distinção dos segundos.

Creación de textos en Educación Infantil y primer ciclo de Primaria : érase una vez un texto.

Resumen tomado de la revista

Els mestres i les compet??ncies

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Língua estrangeira moderna no vestibular : que conhecimento lingüístico é exigido nas provas de língua espanhola?

Este trabalho desenvolve-se na área da Lingüística Aplicada ao Ensino do Espanhol como Língua Estrangeira. O propósito é o de examinar as provas de espanhol dos vestibulares de três Instituições de Ensino Superior de Porto Alegre e Grande Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, no período compreendido entre os anos de 1996 a 2000, para depreender delas o tipo de conhecimento lingüístico exigido do candidato. Empregamos como base metodológica a avaliação formativa, com enfoque qualitativo na interpretação das informações e quantitativo na coleta e exposição dos dados, resultando em um quadro descritivo da realidade das provas examinadas. O estudo caracteriza-se como exploratório, sem levantamento de hipóteses. A falta de pesquisas sobre as provas de espanhol nos vestibulares, e de literatura específica sobre o assunto resultou na busca de uma base teórica que desse suporte a uma análise clara e ajustada ao objetivo. Teóricos clássicos como Saussure (1974), Bloom (1983) até autores contemporâneos como Ortega Olivares (1990), Orlandi (1987) e Wiggins e McThige (1998) constituíram o referencial teórico do trabalho. A análise das provas de espanhol foi organizada tendo em vista os conceitos de Orlandi sobre tipos de discurso, o de Wiggins e MacThige sobre os tipos de perguntas de compreensão e de Ortega Olivares sobre o conceito de gramática. Os resultados apontam para a presença dos discursos autoritário, lúdico e polêmico com a predominância desse último. As perguntas de unidade preponderam sobre as do tipo essencial e o conhecimento gramatical, em grande parte, ainda de base estruturalista indicam que uma nova postura deva ser adotada em relação à elaboração das provas de vestibular e à abordagem do conteúdo.

O gênero crônica na sala de aula do ensino médio

In this work we present the results of a research that aims to study the chronicle gender produced in a class of native language. The texts were written by students of a high-school class, under the orientation of the teacher who conducted a didactic sequence in order to explore this gender. In our analysis we observed aspect such as the structure of the general structure of the texts, types of speech and linguistic sequences, some mechanisms of textualization and the characteristics of the gender. In order to attain that, we adopted the theoretical presuppositions of Textual Linguistics and of the Socio-discursive Interactionism, grounding the study of texts and gender in Bronckart (2003; 2006) and Koch (2002; 2004). As a background of the Chronicle Gender we used the studies of Coutinho (1987); Moisés (2003); Sá (2005); Bender; Laurito (1993); Melo (1994); Cândido et al. (1992) among others. The corpus, made up of 15 texts, showed that the narrative is the most used linguistic sequence in the producing of the texts, the discursive world prevailing in the narrative and some instances of the world of exposing. As for the gender characteristics, the daily life was used in order to amuse the reader and make him to reflect upon the daily life. Humor, irony, social criticism and colloquial language were also observed in the texts produced by the students. Although some texts presented the characteristics of the gender, explored in the classroom, some were typically school narratives. That make us believe that a work with textual production under the approach of a text gender is viable, but it is not consolidated yet in many schools as the main object of the central teaching of the Portuguese language. This make us defend a better systematization of the teaching contents having as the main point the reading practice and text production in order to contribute for the growing of the students´ discursive potentialities and, therefore, their effective participation in the language social practices

O sertão virou verso, o verso virou sertão:sertão e sertanejos representados e ressignificados pela Literatura de Cordel (1900-1940)

Backland¹ are not only geographic spaces limited by physically established borders. It is a space composed by events, experiences, behavior, symbology, manners related to how to live and see the world. It is developed from historical processes and layers of discourses that contact each other, compete among themselves, establish agreement, promote consensus which define, resignify and update them over time. The present paper seeks to analyze and discuss the forms in which discourses produced by cordel literature² sold and consumed in popular locations, from backlands to coast cities, during the first four decades of 20th century, represented the environment, habits, moral codes, cultural traits, social types, rites and beliefs, related to northeastern backlands. The paper also aims to investigate the forms on how discourses produced by representations contributed to the constitution of backlands as a space culturally constructed. Poems from the poet and editor João Martins de Athayde will be used to establish dialogues between discourses produced by cordel and others discursive modalities, such as, newspapers, prose literature, painting, texts of memoirists and historiography, about backlands, analyzing how those representations circulated, were consumed and absorbed by backlands and other spaces inhabitants, contacted and agreed with other types of discourse, supporting the establishment of backlands as a space and countryside people as a social type