基于DSP的视觉焊缝跟踪控制系统的设计

目前，随着科技水平的进步，人们对焊接质量的要求越来越高，为了保证焊接质量，通常配备焊缝自动跟踪系统。视觉传感方式由于其采集信息量大，避免了与工件直接接触，易于实现焊接跟踪智能化，在焊缝跟踪领域得到广泛的应用。由于主动光视觉与被动光视觉相比具有抗干扰能力强等诸多优点，所以本文采用基于主动光视觉的焊缝跟踪系统。 论文第一部分介绍了焊缝跟踪图像采集与处理系统。对本文中所使用的图像传感器、光路系统的结构及获取特征点的图像处理方法进行了说明。 第二部分对焊缝跟踪控制系统的硬件设计进行说明。硬件部分主要是以TMS320F2812数字信号处理器为核心进行外围电路的设计。包括电源模块、串口通信模块、CAN口通信模块、接口电路模块等。为了使跟踪系统达到所需要的精度和快速性，电机是系统组成中一个非常重要的环节，是很关键的组成部件。所以本部分最后对伺服电机的选型过程进行详细说明。 第三部分介绍控制系统的软件结构。控制器软件系统包括初始化模块、串行通信模块、CAN通信模块、指令处理模块、纠偏控制模块等。针对超前检测式跟踪机构的特点，推导出超前偏差公式，实现纠偏控制模块的功能。 最后对控制方法进行仿真研究。针对焊缝跟踪系统的特点，应用MATLAB的Simulink模块进行控制方法的仿真研究。设计了PID控制器和模糊控制器，分别进行仿真研究，并且对仿真结果进行对比分析。

基于DSP的烟支在线检测及调整系统

针对高速卷接机组检测电路结构复杂,检测和调整相对滞后的问题,基于烟支质量检测的基本原理,设计开发了基于DSP的烟支质量检测及智能调整系统。本文讨论了该系统硬件和软件的设计思想及系统的组成结构,对该系统的各个模块的功能及实现方法进行了详尽的描述。通过对高速卷接机组工作过程进行在线检测,实现对烟支质量的控制及不合格烟支的剔除,做到实时智能处理,保证了烟支的质量。

基于DSP的烟支重量控制系统的研究与开发

目前，烟草科技发展的一个重要方向是在改造进口烟机控制设备的基础上，实现烟机核心控制技术的自主知识产权，同时利用当前最新的软件技术和硬件技术不断提高烟机控制技术的发展，促进我国烟机的自动化水平。 本文依托于中科院沈阳自动化研究所自动化装备研究室的项目——PASSIM卷接机组改造。烟支的重量控制是卷接机组决定烟支质量的关键部分，鉴于旧式的PASSIM卷接机组的重量控制系统MAID-N存在着以下不足：没有紧头跟踪功能，体积很大，接口关系复杂，数据传输效率低，电路维修率高，精度较低。因此对重量控制系统的改造采用DSP芯片作为整个系统的核心处理器，缩小了系统体积，提高了系统运行速度和控制精度。基于DSP的烟支重量控制系统实时采集烟支重量信号、计算烟支重量、坏烟剔除，同时还增加了紧头跟踪控制功能。 本文首先介绍了烟支重量控制系统的原理，包括重量控制信号的产生，影响重量控制精度的因素和烟支重量信号的梳理分析。接着介绍了DSP技术，着重于其在烟支重量控制系统中的应用和系统设计中用到的DSP芯片TMS320F2812的结构和外设资源。然后介绍了系统设计流程，包括硬件和软件部分的设计。硬件电路主要是输入信号的滤波处理电路和电机执行部分的硬件设计。软件部分的设计包括基于F2812的AD模块实现过采样算法，烟支重量控制算法实现，紧头跟踪算法设计。软件部分还介绍了系统的通讯设计。最后对新系统在现场运行的情况进行了数据采集，分析表明系统控制精度满足要求。

烟支综合质量检测系统装置的开发应用

本文依托于中科院沈阳自动化研究所自动化装备研究室的项目——PASSIM卷接机组改造。PASSIM卷接机组是从英国MOLINS公司引进的设备，限于当时的硬件设计技术、芯片封装技术和通信技术，导致系统控制体积大，系统内部之间的连接也很复杂，同时旧的检测标准也不符合现在的要求。在消化吸收了国外设计思想的基础上，开发出了新型的烟支质量检测控制系统。在新的检测控制系统中采用了TI公司的DSP处理器，TMS320F2812完成系统中的数据采样、A/D转换和数据处理等功能，由于DSP处理器的A/D 采样精度高，运算速度快，满足了系统在速度和精度上的要求；同时，系统选用CYGNAL公司的单片机8051F020与上位机进行RS-485数据通讯，DSP与单片机之间采用双口RAM来共享数据。系统很好的完成了数据采集处理和数据交换的功能，对烟支质量做到了检测准确，剔除实时，取得了良好的使用效果。 本文首先对卷烟机的构成和控制系统作了简单的分析和介绍，剖析了烟支质量检测的原理，包括重量、稀释度和空头信号的产生，采集和处理。接着详细阐述了系统的具体方案设计，结合卷烟机工艺要求，按检测信号的分布将系统分为三个检测子站，对子站的设计进行了详细的分析。设计分为硬件和软件部分，硬件部分包括芯片的选择和接口电路的实现，软件则主要用来实现对重量、稀释度和空头信号的处理分析，及时剔除不合格烟支。最后介绍了系统在现场对传感器的校准和参数调整过程，并对运行结果进行了分析，实践证明系统是高效可靠的，满足了检测和控制的要求。

Implementation of fuzzy logic maximum power point tracking controller for photovoltaic system

In this study, simulation and hardware implementation of Fuzzy Logic (FL) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) used in photovoltaic system with a direct control method are presented. In this control system, no proportional or integral control loop exists and an adaptive FL controller generates the control signals. The designed and integrated system is a contribution of different aspects which includes simulation, design and programming and experimental setup. The resultant system is capable and satisfactory in terms of fastness and dynamic performance. The results also indicate that the control system works without steady-state error and has the ability of tracking MPPs rapid and accurate which is useful for the sudden changes in the atmospheric condition. MATLAB/Simulink software is utilized for simulation and also programming the TMS320F2812 Digital Signal Processor (DSP). The whole system designed and implemented to hardware was tested successfully on a laboratory PV array. The obtained experimental results show the functionality and feasibility of the proposed controller.

Implementação experimental de filtro ativo paralelo de potência com aplicação a gerador de indução trifásico

This work describes the experimental implementation of a shunt active power filter applied to a three-phase induction generator. The control strategy of active filter turned to the excitation control of the machine and to decrease the harmonics in the generator output current. Involved the implementation of a digital PWM switching, and was made a comparison of two techniques for obtaining the reference currents. The first technique is based on the synchronous dq reference method and the second on the theory of instantaneous power. The comparison is performed via simulation and experimental results. To obtain the experimental results, was mounted a bench trial and the control and communications needed were implemented using DSP - MS320F2812. The simulation results and experimental data proved the efficiency of the filter to apply, highlighting the technique of instantaneous power

Sensores e interfaces com aplicações em motor mancal

Relevant researches have been growing on electric machine without mancal or bearing and that is generally named bearingless motor or specifically, mancal motor. In this paper it is made an introductory presentation about bearingless motor and its peripherical devices with focus on the design and implementation of sensors and interfaces needed to control rotor radial positioning and rotation of the machine. The signals from the machine are conditioned in analogic inputs of DSP TMS320F2812 and used in the control program. This work has a purpose to elaborate and build a system with sensors and interfaces suitable to the input and output of DSP TMS320F2812 to control a mancal motor, bearing in mind the modularity, simplicity of circuits, low number of power used, good noise imunity and good response frequency over 10 kHz. The system is tested at a modified ordinary induction motor of 3,7 kVA to be used with a bearingless motor with divided coil

Analysis and Implementation of Multiphase-Multilevel Inverter for Open-Winding Loads

Research work carried out in focusing a novel multiphase-multilevel ac motor drive system much suitable for low-voltage high-current power applications. In specific, six-phase asymmetrical induction motor with open-end stator winding configuration, fed from four standard two-level three-phase voltage source inverters (VSIs). Proposed synchronous reference frame control algorithm shares the total dc source power among the 4 VSIs in each switching cycle with three degree of freedom. Precisely, first degree of freedom concerns with the current sharing between two three-phase stator windings. Based on modified multilevel space vector pulse width modulation shares the voltage between each single VSIs of two three-phase stator windings with second and third degree of freedom, having proper multilevel output waveforms. Complete model of whole ac motor drive based on three-phase space vector decomposition approach was developed in PLECS - numerical simulation software working in MATLAB environment. Proposed synchronous reference control algorithm was framed in MATLAB with modified multilevel space vector pulse width modulator. The effectiveness of the entire ac motor drives system was tested. Simulation results are given in detail to show symmetrical and asymmetrical, power sharing conditions. Furthermore, the three degree of freedom are exploited to investigate fault tolerant capabilities in post-fault conditions. Complete set of simulation results are provided when one, two and three VSIs are faulty. Hardware prototype model of quad-inverter was implemented with two passive three-phase open-winding loads using two TMS320F2812 DSP controllers. Developed McBSP (multi-channel buffered serial port) communication algorithm able to control the four VSIs for PWM communication and synchronization. Open-loop control scheme based on inverse three-phase decomposition approach was developed to control entire quad-inverter configuration and tested with balanced and unbalanced operating conditions with simplified PWM techniques. Both simulation and experimental results are always in good agreement with theoretical developments.

Regulador eletromagnético de frequência aplicado no controle de velocidade de geradores eólicos

The constant necessity for new sources of renewable energy is increasingly promoting the increase of investments in this area. Among other sources, the wind power has been becoming prominent. It is important to promote the search for the improvement of the technologies involved in the topologies of the wind turbines, seeking for alternatives which enhance the gotten performance, despite the irregularity of the wind speed. This study presents a new system for speed control, in this case applied to the wind turbines - the Electromagnetic Frequency Regulator (EFR). One of the most used devices in some topologies is the mechanical gearboxes which, along with a short service life, often represent sources of noise and defects. The EFR does not need these transmission boxes, representing a technological advancement, using for that an adapted induction machine, in which the stator becomes mobile, supportive to the axis of the turbine. In the topology used in this study, the EFR also allows us to leave out the usage of the eletronic converters to establish the coupling between the generator and the electrical grid. It also the reason why it provides the possibility of obtaining the generation in alternating current, with constant voltage and frequency, where there is no electrical grid. Responsable for the mechanical speed control of the generator, the EFR can be useful in other transmission systems in which the mechanical speed control output is the objective. In addition, the EFR operates through the combination of two inputs, a mechanical and other electrical. It multiplies the possibilities of application because it is able to synergistic coupling between different arrays of energy, and, for such reasons, it enables the various sources of energy involved to be uncoupled from the network, being the synchronous generator responsible for the system connection with the electrical grid, simplifying the control strategies on the power injected in it. Experimental and simulation results are presented through this study, about a wind turbine, validating the proposal related to the efficience in the speed control of the system for different wind conditions.