927 resultados para Programação (Computadores)


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Para muitos usuários, a programação visual é uma alternativa atrativa às linguagens de programação textuais. Uma das razões para esta atração é que a representação visual de um problema está muito mais próxima com a forma pela qual a solução é obtida ou entendida se comparada à representação textual. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo para a programação visual de matrizes baseado nos paradigmas de fluxo de dados e planilhas eletrônicas. O fluxo de dados e a planilha forma a base semântica da linguagem, enquanto as representações gráficas do grafo direcionado e de uma planilha fundamentam sua base sintática. Este modelo consiste em um conjunto de diagramas bidimensionais e de regras de transformação. Os processos são implementados como redes de fluxo de dados e os dados são representados por planilhas. As planilhas podem ser vistas como variáveis do tipo matriz que armazenam dados bidimensionais, ou como funções, que recebem e produzem valores utilizados por outros processos. Neste caso, as planilhas são programadas seguindo o paradigma de programação por demonstrações que incorporam um poderoso construtor de interação, reduzindo significativamente a utilização de recursos e repetições. O modelo proposto pode ser utilizado em diversos domínios de aplicação, principalmente para simplificar a construção de modelos matemáticos de simulação e análise estatística.

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Visibilidade de membros de classes. Funções. Funções amigas. Sobrecarga de operadores. Hierarquia de classes. Classes abstratas. Criação e destruição de objetos. Alocação e liberação dinâmica de objetos. Atribuição e iniciação de objetos. Modelos de classes (Templates).

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Este documento foi concebido com o intuito de ressaltar a importância do acompanhamento da disponibilidade dos recursos de uma rede de computadores. O presente trabalho consiste de um procedimento para a implementação da ferramenta CACTI, que é um software para monitoramento da disponibilidade de máquinas e serviços de uma rede de computadores, e também para a inserção dos ativos de rede que se deseja gerenciar por meio dessa ferramenta. Antes da apresentação da ferramenta CACTI, é feita uma breve explanação de alguns entre os muitos softwares de monitoramento existentes no mercado. Este trabalho destina-se a facilitar a tarefa de gerenciamento de uma rede de computadores a todos os usuários, que de alguma forma necessitem, de forma clara e objetiva, saber da disponibilidade de seus recursos, seja de forma imediata ou ao longo de um período de tempo.

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Network virtualisation is seen as a promising approach to overcome the so-called “Internet impasse” and bring innovation back into the Internet, by allowing easier migration towards novel networking approaches as well as the coexistence of complementary network architectures on a shared infrastructure in a commercial context. Recently, the interest from the operators and mainstream industry in network virtualisation has grown quite significantly, as the potential benefits of virtualisation became clearer, both from an economical and an operational point of view. In the beginning, the concept has been mainly a research topic and has been materialized in small-scale testbeds and research network environments. This PhD Thesis aims to provide the network operator with a set of mechanisms and algorithms capable of managing and controlling virtual networks. To this end, we propose a framework that aims to allocate, monitor and control virtual resources in a centralized and efficient manner. In order to analyse the performance of the framework, we performed the implementation and evaluation on a small-scale testbed. To enable the operator to make an efficient allocation, in real-time, and on-demand, of virtual networks onto the substrate network, it is proposed a heuristic algorithm to perform the virtual network mapping. For the network operator to obtain the highest profit of the physical network, it is also proposed a mathematical formulation that aims to maximize the number of allocated virtual networks onto the physical network. Since the power consumption of the physical network is very significant in the operating costs, it is important to make the allocation of virtual networks in fewer physical resources and onto physical resources already active. To address this challenge, we propose a mathematical formulation that aims to minimize the energy consumption of the physical network without affecting the efficiency of the allocation of virtual networks. To minimize fragmentation of the physical network while increasing the revenue of the operator, it is extended the initial formulation to contemplate the re-optimization of previously mapped virtual networks, so that the operator has a better use of its physical infrastructure. It is also necessary to address the migration of virtual networks, either for reasons of load balancing or for reasons of imminent failure of physical resources, without affecting the proper functioning of the virtual network. To this end, we propose a method based on cloning techniques to perform the migration of virtual networks across the physical infrastructure, transparently, and without affecting the virtual network. In order to assess the resilience of virtual networks to physical network failures, while obtaining the optimal solution for the migration of virtual networks in case of imminent failure of physical resources, the mathematical formulation is extended to minimize the number of nodes migrated and the relocation of virtual links. In comparison with our optimization proposals, we found out that existing heuristics for mapping virtual networks have a poor performance. We also found that it is possible to minimize the energy consumption without penalizing the efficient allocation. By applying the re-optimization on the virtual networks, it has been shown that it is possible to obtain more free resources as well as having the physical resources better balanced. Finally, it was shown that virtual networks are quite resilient to failures on the physical network.

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When developing software for autonomous mobile robots, one has to inevitably tackle some kind of perception. Moreover, when dealing with agents that possess some level of reasoning for executing their actions, there is the need to model the environment and the robot internal state in a way that it represents the scenario in which the robot operates. Inserted in the ATRI group, part of the IEETA research unit at Aveiro University, this work uses two of the projects of the group as test bed, particularly in the scenario of robotic soccer with real robots. With the main objective of developing algorithms for sensor and information fusion that could be used e ectively on these teams, several state of the art approaches were studied, implemented and adapted to each of the robot types. Within the MSL RoboCup team CAMBADA, the main focus was the perception of ball and obstacles, with the creation of models capable of providing extended information so that the reasoning of the robot can be ever more e ective. To achieve it, several methodologies were analyzed, implemented, compared and improved. Concerning the ball, an analysis of ltering methodologies for stabilization of its position and estimation of its velocity was performed. Also, with the goal keeper in mind, work has been done to provide it with information of aerial balls. As for obstacles, a new de nition of the way they are perceived by the vision and the type of information provided was created, as well as a methodology for identifying which of the obstacles are team mates. Also, a tracking algorithm was developed, which ultimately assigned each of the obstacles a unique identi er. Associated with the improvement of the obstacles perception, a new algorithm of estimating reactive obstacle avoidance was created. In the context of the SPL RoboCup team Portuguese Team, besides the inevitable adaptation of many of the algorithms already developed for sensor and information fusion and considering that it was recently created, the objective was to create a sustainable software architecture that could be the base for future modular development. The software architecture created is based on a series of di erent processes and the means of communication among them. All processes were created or adapted for the new architecture and a base set of roles and behaviors was de ned during this work to achieve a base functional framework. In terms of perception, the main focus was to de ne a projection model and camera pose extraction that could provide information in metric coordinates. The second main objective was to adapt the CAMBADA localization algorithm to work on the NAO robots, considering all the limitations it presents when comparing to the MSL team, especially in terms of computational resources. A set of support tools were developed or improved in order to support the test and development in both teams. In general, the work developed during this thesis improved the performance of the teams during play and also the e ectiveness of the developers team when in development and test phases.

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Dissertação de mestrado, Ensino de Informática no 3.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014

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Dissertação de mestrado, Ensino de Informática no 3.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2014

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Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Ensino de Informática, Universidade de Lisboa, 2013

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Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de Informática, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2014

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Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino da Matemática, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2014

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Relatório da prática de ensino supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de Informática, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014

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Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino da Matemática, Universidade de Lisboa, 2015

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção de grau de mestre em Educação Artística, na especialização de Teatro na Educação