Influência do tratamento de material vegetativo de videira, por imersão em água quente, no seu desenvolvimento em viveiro e na eliminação da flavescência dourada

Dissertação de mestrado em Agricultura Sustentável, apresentada na Escola Superior Agrária de Santarém, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém.

Effect of micro-propagation on the health status of strawberry planting material for commercial production of strawberry runners for Queensland

Plant tissue culture has been used for a number of years to produce micropropagated strawberry plants for planting into runner growing beds in the Stanthorpe (Queensland) and Bothwell (Tasmania) regions. This process has allowed the rapid release of new cultivars from the LAWS (Late Autumn, Winter, Spring) breeding program into the current runner production system. Micro-propagation in vitro allows plants to be produced during the autumn and winter months, when mother plants would normally be in a fruit production phase in the field in Queensland. The plants produced are of a high health status when they are planted. The subsequent arrival and build up of various diseases in the runner fields are closely monitored. Using tissue culture for the first generation reduces the time the plants spend in the field by twelve months, reducing disease incidence. To date, any disease outbreak has been successfully managed using early detection and rapid response methods.

Micropropagation of vegetatively propagated crops: accelerating release of new cultivars and providing an important source of clean planting material

Micropropagation is unequalled for the rapid clonal propagation of improved cultivars from several Australian breeding programmes. This has been particularly true of the pineapple breeding programme, but it has also found an important role in the strawberry breeding programme where high-health mother stock is of paramount concern. In the banana and ginger industries, while access to new cultivars has been of importance, micropropagation has been adopted by the industry to ensure that planting materials are free from serious pests and diseases. Bananas can be used as planting material as early as the first generation ex vitro and is responsible for the establishment of laboratories and nurseries specializing in the production of pathogen-tested plants. The ginger industry, on the other hand, has used micropropagated plants as a source of disease and pest-free stock to establish a clean 'seed' scheme based on the production of conventional planting material.

ACIAR Producing virus-free sweetpotato planting material in Papua New Guinea

The aim of this small research activity (SRA) is to provide a foundation for establishing a national 'clean seed system' for sweetpotato in Papua New Guinea.

Growing healthy sweetpotato: best practices for producing planting material

Sweetpotato is a major food crop in Papua New Guinea, with about 2.9 million tonnes grown each year. But sweetpotato is prone to pests and diseases, particularly viruses, which can significantly reduce yields. Because there are no varieties known to be resistant to viruses, the next best solution is to produce planting material that is free from infection, and to make this readily available to growers. This manual is aimed at researchers and technicians, and describes how to test for sweetpotato viruses and to keep vines free from infection. The methods described should help locals in PNG and other Pacific nations produce disease-free planting material for sweetpotato and other root and tuber crops.

Planting plan of the court of the Avery Coonley School and Kindergarten; Downers Grove, Illinois

Ink on linen. Indicates location of walkways, pool and location and types of plantings. Unsigned. 63 cm. x 41 cm. Scale: 1"=10' [from photographic copy by Lance Burgharrdt]

A planting plan of the garden area. Estate of Mr. Edsel B. Ford; Gaukler Pointe, Michigan

Ink on linen; location, type of plantings; at lower right, "Sheet-p-6" unsigned. 133 x 63 cm. Scale: 1"=20' [from photographic copy by Lance Burgharrdt]

Planting schema of the Novai︠a︡ Zari︠a︡ settlement

Digital image

Polymer template-assisted microemulsion synthesis of large surface area, porous Li2MnO3 and its characterization as a positive electrode material of Li-ion cells

Lithium-rich manganese oxide (Li2MnO3) is prepared by reverse microemulsion method employing Pluronic acid (P123) as a soft template and studied as a positive electrode material. The as-prepared sample possesses good crystalline structure with a broadly distributed mesoporosity but low surface area. As expected, cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge data indicate poor electrochemical activity. However, the sample gains surface area with narrowly distributed mesoporosity and also electrochemical activity after treating in 4 M H2SO4. A discharge capacity of about 160 mAh g(-1) is obtained. When the acid-treated sample is heated at 300 A degrees C, the resulting porous sample with a large surface area and dual porosity provides a discharge capacity of 240 mAh g(-1). The rate capability study suggests that the sample provides about 150 mAh g(-1) at a specific discharge current of 1.25 A g(-1). Although the cycling stability is poor, the high rate capability is attributed to porous nature of the material.

Species-specific effects of four preservative treatments on oocytes and ovarian material of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), and American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides)

The lack of information concerning the preservation of ovarian material of fish species inhibits standardization of methods for determining fecundity and measuring oocytes. The effects of four preservatives (10% phosphate-buffered formalin, modified Gilson’s solution, 70% ethanol, and freezing) on ovarian material weight and oocyte size were quantified for prespawning Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus), and American plaice (Hippoglossoides platessoides). Effects of preservation were similar between Atlantic cod and haddock but different between Atlantic cod and American plaice for nearly all comparisons. Although all treatments affected the weight of ovarian material, freezing caused the most change and formalin caused the least. Such signif icant species-specific effects should be quantified in the calculation of life history characteristics, such as fecundity, to minimize error. This is one of few studies dedicated to evaluating the effects of preservation on oocytes and ovarian material and is the first to evaluate multiple preservatives on species.

Note on additional material of Neballa dahli Kazmi and Tirmizi, 1989 (Leptostraca: Crustacea) from Karachi (northern Arabian Sea)

The first leptostracans Nebalia dahli (Kazmi & Tirmizi, 1989) from the Arabian Sea in mangrove planktonic collection near Karachi were two males, the sex of the juvenile paratype could not be determined at that time. A brief description is given in this paper.

Synthesis of Co3O4 nano-octahedra enclosed by {111} facets and their excellent lithium storage properties as anode material of lithium ion batteries

Abstract
Nano-sized(nO-Co3O4, 387nm)andmicron-sized(mO-Co3O4, 6.65 mm) Co3O4 octahedraenclosedby
{111}facetshavebeenbothsynthesizedthroughawetchemicalmethodfollowedbythermal
treatment,andservedasanodematerialoflithium ionbatteries(LIBs).Electrochemicalresults
demonstratethatthenO-Co3O4 showsexcellentlongcyclabilityandratecapability.ThenO-Co3O4
candeliverastablechargecapacityashighas955.5mAhg1 upto200cycleswithoutnoticeable
capacityfadingatacharge/dischargecurrentdensityof0.1Ag1 (ca. 0.11C).Theexcellent
electrochemicalperformanceisascribedtothenano-sizeandthe{111}facetsthatenclosethe
octahedra. WhilethemO-Co3O4 could onlymaintain288.5mAhg1 after 200cycles,illustratingvery
poorcyclingperformance,whichisascribedtothelargeparticlesizethatmaycausehugevolume
changeduringrepeatedcharging/discharging process.TheresultsrevealthattheCo3O4 nano-
octahedrawouldbeapromisinganodematerialforthenext-generationofLIBs.

Influence of temperature on the production and infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes against larvae and pupae of vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus, (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Susceptibility of late instar vine weevil Otiorhynchus sulcatus larvae and pupae to four species entomopathogenic nematodes were tested. Bioassays on production and infectivity to larvae and pupae were compared for two steinernematids and two heterorhabditis such as Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae, Heterorhabditis indica and H. bacteriophora. Nematodes production of all species was determined by the number infective juveniles (IJs) established in vine weevil larvae and pupae O. sulcatus using sand and filter paper bioassay. S. feltiae produced the maximum number in larvae and pupae at 20°C as compared to other nematodes but production of H. indica, was better at 25°C in larvae and pupae followed by H. bacteriophora, S. carpocapsae and Infectivity test of larvae and pupae was also done in sand media. Infective juveniles recovered from larvae and pupae when infected with S. feltiae produced maximum infective juveniles at 20°C temperatures than all other isolates. H. bacteriophora produced higher number of IJs in larvae and pupae than all other nematode isolates at 25°C. This paper indicates the application of nematodes with the knowledge of insect pest biology represents a possible new strategy for O. sulcatus larvae and pupae.

A new species of Trypanosyllis (Polychaeta : Syllidae) from Brazil, with a redescription of Brazilian material of Trypanosyllis zebra

A new species of Trypanosyllis was found in a collection of polychaetes living on algae, sponges, ascidians and sabelariid reef; at the intertidal zone of a rocky shore, at Praia do Guarau, south-eastern Brazil. Trypanosyllis aurantiacus sp. nov., is characterized by having an orange body in life, with dark red antennae and cirri throughout, falcigers with short, sub-bidentate blades, and parapodia with thick, distally sharp, protruding aciculae, two to three aciculae on each anterior parapodium, two aciculae on midbody segments, single acicula per parapodium on posteriormost chaetigers. Trypanosyllis aurantiacus sp. nov., is compared with the most similar congeners and a redescription of Trypanosyllis zebra, based on Brazilian specimens collected from similar environments at nearby beaches, is given.