954 resultados para PRODUCCION AGROPECUARIA


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Este trabajo se enfoca en la diferencia entre el precio internacional y el que reciben los productores Argentinos, al cual se le suele llamar la paridad de exportación, y plantea una serie de interrogantes, a saber: • Existe una relación ente el precio internacional y el local? • La misma es estable en el tiempo? • A qué responde el diferencial? o Es un ruido blanco? o Existen componentes estacionales, estructurales o temporales. • Generaron alteraciones en este diferencial los cambios en el entorno macroeconómico de la convertibilidad, el de la postconvertibilidad, y las limitaciones a las exportaciones de granos introducidas por el mecanismo de ROE VERDE? • Tuvo el episodio popularmente conocido como “conflicto de la 125” un efecto sobre este indicador? En la medida en que se avance con el programa se irán planteando hipótesis alternativas, siendo la de partida que en el caso de la soja la relación de precios local e internacional es fuerte, estable en el tiempo, y que el diferencial responde a los costos de transacción de las operaciones de exportación. Por otro lado, si bien el diferencial de precios externo versus el local, se puede haber visto influido en momentos puntuales por las turbulencias en el contexto macroeconómico y por sucesos específicos del mercado de granos, los valores rápidamente tienden a normalizarse

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El objeto de esta investigación es proponer la implementación del mecanismo de denominaciones de origen para el banano y el café colombianos, como estrategia para mejorar su competitividad en los mercados internacionales, determinando cuáles son los beneficios que otorga la implementación de dicho mecanismo en Colombia y cuáles serían las medidas y reglamentos legales necesarios para su aplicación a nivel interno con el fin de lograr aumentar el posicionamiento de nuestros productos en los mercados internacionales.

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La monografía es un estudio de la organización campesina en algunos mercados especializados en el municipio de El Colegio (Cundinamarca), donde existe una red de cooperación entre organizaciones públicas y privadas que han desarrollado una experiencia valiosa de trabajo asociativo campesino. Se tomaron en cuenta los casos de organizaciones como la ANUC municipal y Aromacol (organización de base campesina que produce tomate y aromáticas orgánicas) que están vinculadas a la producción para mercados de exportación, mercados orgánicos ó para programas distritales como Bogotá Sin Hambre. En el contexto de estos nuevos mercados, indago por las estrategias que desarrollan los campesinos para vincularse y permanecer en estos escenarios que presentan situaciones económicas y políticas específicas. Presento un análisis crítico de las políticas públicas y privadas que promueven el modelo agroexportador, que condicionan el rol del campesinado y también doy cuenta de la forma como las organizaciones campesinas responden a este marco institucional.

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Incluye Bibliografía

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Analiza los efectos en el producto y otras variables economicas de la conmocion del petroleo en el decenio de 1970; la crisis financiera y las politicas de ajuste de la decada de 1980; y algunos cambios importantes en la estructura de la produccion agropecuaria en el periodo 1970-1985 en Ecuador.

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Incluye Bibliografía

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Analiza los efectos en el producto y otras variables economicas de la conmocion del petroleo en el decenio de 1970; la crisis financiera y las politicas de ajuste de la decada de 1980; y algunos cambios importantes en la estructura de la produccion agropecuaria en el periodo 1970-1985 en Ecuador.

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Includes bibliography

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Incluye Bibliografía

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Incluye Bibliografía

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There are clear signs that the agro-pastoralists in the Himalayan and Hindu-Kush mountain ranges will have less cropping opportunities due to reduced possibilities for irrigated agriculture as a result of climate change. The importance of extensive livestock production based on well adapted livestock species may once again increase. This calls for a better documentation and understanding of the adaptation capabilities of indigenous breeds considering a changing environment. The current study investigates the adaptive traits of the Azikheli buffalo to mountain environments through calculating mean, standard error and percentages for different variables. Results from this study suggest that the brown coat color, the small body size and the high fertility are adaptive traits of the Azikheli buffalo that may well suit harsh mountainous environment conditions with greater climate variability. Local farmers find it hard to sustain the Azikheli buffalo’s key adaptive traits because of a low bull to buffalo ratio, possibility of insemination with semen from imported breeds and a lack of institutional support to conserve the Azikheli breed. The breed is crucial for sustaining custodian communities in these mountains and thus needs to be conserved.

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The study that aimed at understanding the dynamics of forced livestock movements and pastoral livelihood and development options was conducted in Lindi and Ruvuma regions, using both formal and informal approaches. Data were collected from 60 randomly selected Agro-pastoralists/Pastoralists and native farmers using a structured questionnaire. Four villages were involved; two in Lindi region (Matandu and Mkwajuni) and the other two in Ruvuma region (Gumbiro and Muhuwesi). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of SPSS to generate means and frequencies. The results indicate that a large number of animals moved into the study area following the eviction order of the government in Ihefu wetlands in 2006/2007. Lindi region was earmarked by the government to receive all the evicted pastoralists. However, by 2008 only 30% of the total cattle that were expected to move into the region had been received. Deaths of many animals on transit, selling of the animals to pay for transportation and other costs while on transit and many pastoralists settling in Coastal and Ruvuma regions before reaching their destinations were reported to be the reasons for the discrepancy observed. To mitigate anticipated conflicts between farmers and pastoralists, Participatory Land Use Management (PLUM) plans were developed in all the study villages in order to demarcate village land area into different uses, including grazing, cropping, settlement and forests. Land units for grazing were supposed to be provided with all necessary livestock infrastructures (dips, charcoal dams, livestock markets and stock routes). However, the land use plans were not able to prevent the anticipated conflicts because most of the livestock infrastructures were lacking, the land use boundaries were not clearly demarcated and there was limited enforcement of village by-laws, since most had not been enacted by the respective district councils. Similarly, the areas allocated for grazing were inadequate for the number of livestock available and thus the carrying capacity exceeded. Thus, land resource-based conflicts between farmers and pastoralists were emerging in the study areas for the reason that most of the important components in the PLUM plans were not in place. Nevertheless, the arrival of pastoralists in the study areas had positive effects on food security and growth of social interactions between pastoralists and farmers including marriages between them. Environmental degradations due to the arrival of livestock were also not evident. Thus, there is a need for the government to purposely set aside enough grazing land with all necessary infrastructures in place for the agro-pastoral/pastoral communities in the country.

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A survey was conducted to generate holistic information on the production and utilization of local white lupin in two lupin growing districts, namely, Mecha and Sekela, representing mid and high altitude areas, respectively in North-western Ethiopia. During the survey, two types of participatory rural appraisal (PRA) techniques, namely, individual farmer interview (61 farmers from Mecha and 51 from Sekela) and group discussion (with 20 farmers from each district) were employed. There are significant differences (P<0.05) between the two study districts for the variables like total land holding, frequency of ploughing during lupin planting, days to maturity, lupin productivity, and number of days of soaking lupin in running water. However, there are no significant differences (P>0.05) between the two study districts for the variables like land allocated for lupin cultivation, lupin seed rate, lupin soaking at home, lupin consumption per family per week and proportion of lupin used for household consumption. The use of the crop as livestock feed is negligible due to its high alkaloid content. It is concluded that the local white lupin in Ethiopia is a valuable multipurpose crop which is being cultivated in the midst of very serious shortage of cropland. Its ability to maintain soil fertility and serve as a source of food in seasons of food scarcity makes it an important crop. However, its bitter taste due to its high alkaloid content remains to be a big challenge and any lupin improvement strategy has to focus on minimizing the alkaloid content of the crop.

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Resumen: Como punto de partida se realiza un trabajo de análisis de los recursos (suelo, clima, ubicación geográfica, capital humano, y material) del campo conjuntamente con su historia productiva y realidad económica, para poder determinar cuál es la “vocación de producción” del campo. Luego de esto se prosigue a determinar los puntos críticos, los cuales el autor piensa que según lo estudiado son en donde tiene que centrarse una mejora. Esto sin perder de vista los objetivos y visión que poseen los dueños de la empresa. Luego a partir de estos análisis se propone un modelo de producción con el fin de mejorar la rentabilidad del establecimiento en el transcurso del tiempo. Sin olvidar que un buen proyecto debe ser rentable, estable, flexible, sustentable, predecible y amigable con el medio ambiente y la sociedad. Se concluye exponiendo los resultados y conclusiones a las cual se arribo luego de realizado el trabajo.