The burnout syndrome among nurses in an urban acute care hospital

Three hundred fifty-four registered nurses from an urban acute care hospital were examined through self-report questionnaires. Nurses from trauma care, critical care and non-critical care nursing specialties participated in the study. The study focuses were (1) whether sociodemographic characteristics were significantly related to burnout; (2) what was the prevalence estimate of burnout among the population; (3) whether burnout levels differed depending upon nursing specialties and; (4) whether burnout as related to nursing stress, work environment, and work relations was mediated by sociodemographic characteristics.^ Race, age, marital status, education, seniority, rank, nursing education, and birthplace were significantly related to one or more aspects of burnout in the total population. With emotional exhaustion alone the prevalence of burnout was 62%. Using emotional exhaustion and depersonalization combined with reduced sense of personal accomplishment as a measure of burnout, thirty-four percent of the nurses were either in the pre-burnout phase or burned out. The relative importance of sociodemographic characteristics indicated that experience and race were highly significant risk factors.^ Burnout levels differed significantly depending upon nursing specialty. Specifically, levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization differed significantly between trauma care and critical care, and trauma care and non-critical care. Personal accomplishment did not differ depending upon nursing specialty. Critical care nurses did not differ significantly from non-critical care nurses on aspect of burnout.^ Race, marital status, education, seniority and rank were significant mediators of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. The study offers possible explanations for the mediating effect of sociodemographic characteristics on nursing stress, work environment, work relations, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. ^

Desenvolvimento de um programa de enfrentamento da Síndrome de Burnout e análise de seus efeitos em professores que atuam no processo de inclusão

Estudo de caso, com o objetivo de desenvolver um programa de enfrentamento da Síndrome de Burnout e avaliar os seus efeitos no comportamento de 7 participantes do sexo feminino, com idade variável entre 27 a 48 anos, que atuam como professores no processo de inclusão educacional e social de alunos da Rede Pública, em uma instituição de ensino localizada na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de modalidade de investigação que envolve procedimentos de pesquisa-ação. Para fins de coleta de dados foram utilizados instrumentos de medida psicométrica como o CBP-R, Questionário de Burnout para Professores ? Revisado (CBP-R; Moreno, Garrosa E González, 2000) como também o Inventário de Sintomas de Stress para Adultos de Lipp ? ISSL (LIPP, 2000), além de um inventário sóciodemográfico. Como complementação do trabalho de pesquisa, foi empregada a análise de relatos verbais para fins de levantamento de dados relativos aos processos privados dos participantes. A aplicação de um programa de enfrentamento da Síndrome de Burnout consistiu de técnicas e de procedimentos fundados na abordagem cognitivo-comportamental e da adoção de práticas de relaxamento e de manejo de tempo. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciaram um relativo decréscimo quanto a incidência de sintomas de stress e Burnout nas participantes. De posse desses resultados, poderão ser articuladas ações em políticas públicas com vistas à melhoria da saúde e das condições gerais de trabalho do professor da Rede Pública. O que se propõe como meta é humanizar o posto de trabalho docente, sob os aspectos de saúde, bem-estar físico e mental.

Prevalence of burnout syndrome in clinical nurses at a hospital of excellence

Background: Burnout syndrome can be defined as long-term work stress resulting from the interaction between constant emotional pressure associated with intense interpersonal involvement for long periods of time and personal characteristics. We investigated the prevalence/propensity of Burnout syndrome in clinical nurses, and the factors related to Burnout syndrome-associated such as socio-demographic characteristics, work load, social and family life, leisure activities, extra work activities, physical activities, and work-related health problems. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional, quantitative, prospective epidemiological study with 188 surgical clinic nurses. We used the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which is a socio-demographic questionnaire and the most widely used instrument to assess Burnout syndrome (three basic dimensions: emotional exhaustion, despersonalization and professional underachievement). The socio-demographic profile questionnaire wascomposed of questions regarding identification, training, time at work, work characteristics and personal circumstances. Results: The prevalence of Burnout syndrome was higher (10.1%) and 55, 4% of subjects had a propensity to develop this syndrome. The analysis of the socio-demographic profile of the nurse sample studied showed that most nurses were childless married women, over 35 years of age, working the day shift for 36 hours weekly on average, with 2-6 years of post-graduation experience, and without extra employments. Factors such as marital status, work load, emotion and work related stress aggravated the onset of the syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence and propensity of Burnout syndrome were high. Some factors identified can be useful for the adoption of preventive actions in order to decrease the prevalence of the clinical nurses Burnout syndrome.

Dentistry teachers and the burnout syndrome

The Burnout Syndrome is considered a psychosocial problem to which teachers are routinely exposed. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of burnout in Dentistry teachers and its relation to relevant socio-demographic variables. The participants were 70 teachers from the undergraduate Dentistry Course, Faculty of Dentistry of Araraquara – UNESP. Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was used. The prevalence of burnout was estimated. In order to compare performed. Mean age of participants was 46.0 ± 6.1 and teaching experience was 19.6±7.6 years. The prevalence of burnout was 17.1%. Low mean scores for Exhaustion (2.11±0.61) and Disengagement (1.73±0.50) were observed. There reported taking medication due to work (p=0.008) and for those who have thought about quit teaching (p=0.001). There scores according to the habit of taking medication, the experience as a teacher and gender

Predictors of Burnout Syndrome in Dentistry Students

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Burnout syndrome and Brazilian civil aviation: a short essay on the focus on prevention

Introduction: At the same time that there are increased demands we have become more sedentary, increasing risk factors for new diseases. All this reflects on our quality of life with special emphasis upon a particular syndrome called Burnout. Aviation is no exception and packed into its processes each day more expeditious, promotes a perfect environment for the development and spread of the syndrome. Aim: To evaluate the quality of life, organizational climate, and the level of physical activity among employees of a Brazilian airline. Methods: A cross-sectional design was conducted with 8 subjects. Results: Total score on the WHOQOL quality of life questionnaire was 64.7 (SD 10.8), and the environmental field showed the lowest score. Nevertheless, the sedentary risk factor was performed in 25% of the sample. About the organizational climate, it can be seen that 6.12% of the sample was framed in "Professional Exhaustive", 29.60% in the condition of "Warning", and 64.37% in the condition of "Professional Efficiency". Conclusion: the study found a low quality of life, especially in the environmental category, sedentary people and a large proportion of employees in this Brazilian airline with negative scores on the Organizational Climate.

Burnout syndrome and alcohol consumption in prison employees

Objective: The aims of this study were to estimate the association between an at‑risk drinking pattern and sociodemographic variables, and to compare the mean scores of the factors associated with the Burnout Syndrome, according to the alcohol consumption pattern in staff members from two Brazilian prisons. Methods: A cross‑sectional study was developed with 339 participants (response rate = 63.8%). The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory – General Survey (MBI‑GS). Results: The participants’ average age was 40.2 (SD = 8.8) years, and 81.0% were male. Among 78.5% of participants (95%CI 74.1 – 82.8) reported consuming alcoholic beverages. The prevalence of at‑risk drinking behavior in the sample was 22.4% (95%CI 18.0 – 26.9), and of the Burnout Syndrome was 14.6% (95%CI 10.8 – 18.4). We observed a significant association between at‑risk drinking behavior with gender, higher risk for men (OR = 7.32, p < 0.001), smoking, increased risk for smokers (OR = 2.77, p < 0.001), and religious practice, showing lower risks for religion practitioners (OR = 0.364, p < 0.001). We noticed significantly higher mean scores (p < 0.001) of emotional exhaustion and cynicism, and lower scores of professional achievement among individuals who reported consuming alcoholic beverages. Conclusion: Men who smoke were more likely to develop an at‑risk drinking pattern, while religion is presented as a protective factor. Individuals who consume alcohol were more affected by the different factors of the Burnout Syndrome.

Das Burnout-Syndrom: eine medizinische Perspektive

The burnout syndrome is a heterogeneous concept mostly understood as a complex of symptoms, primarily exhaustion, in response to prolonged emotional and interpersonal stress at work. The prevalence of burnout is considerably high in Swiss primary care physicians. In spite of its vague definition, burnout is a serious stress disease with many associated medical problems and high economic costs. Previous recommendations for the psychosomatic management of patients with functional somatic syndromes also apply to burnout treatment. These are complemented by more specific interventions targeting job stress related factors. Relapse prevention focuses on early recognition of warning signs and is an ongoing process.

A relação entre a inteligência emocional e o burnout em médicos e enfermeiros

Dissertação de Mestrado, Gestão de Recursos Humanos, Escola Superior de Gestão, Hotelaria e Turismo, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve, 2016

Síndrome de Burnout y calidad de vida laboral en el personal asistencial de una institución de salud en Bogotá Colombia

El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el Síndrome de Burnout y la Calidad de Vida Laboral en el personal asistencial en una institución de salud de segundo nivel ubicada en Bogotá, y observar si existe relación entre estos constructos. Se aplicó el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach [MBI] y el Cuestionario de Calidad de Vida Profesional [CVP-35] a 62 participantes, pertenecientes a distintos campos del área de la salud. Los resultados indicaron que el 38,7% de los participantes presentaron severidad alta y moderada del síndrome, no obstante, con un nivel de realización personal alto, que unido a la fuerte motivación intrínseca encontrada, constituye un factor protector ante la alta carga laboral y el escaso apoyo directivo. El cansancio emocional correlacionó directamente con la carga laboral e inversamente con la motivación intrínseca. Se resalta la importancia de una eficiente gestión en las organizaciones de salud y la necesidad de una dirección más centrada en las personas a fin de garantizar su bienestar, lo que redundará en su calidad de vida y en la atención ofrecida.

Process of burnout: structure, antecedents, and consequences

The major changes that have been witnessed in today's workplaces are challenging the mental well-being of employed people. Stress and burnout are considered to be modern epidemics, and their importance to physical health and work ability has been acknowledged world-wide. The aim of the thesis was to study the concept of burnout as a process proceeding from its antecedents, through the development of the syndrome, and to its outcomes. Several work-related factors considered antecedents of burnout were studied in different occupational groups. The syndrome of burnout is seen as consisting of three dimensions - exhaustion, cynicism and lack of professional efficacy - and different alternatives for the sequential development of these dimensions were tested. Furthermore, several indicators of the severely detrimental health and work ability outcomes of burnout were investigated in a longitudinal study design. The research questions were as follows. 1) Is burnout, as measured with the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS), a three-dimensional construct and how invariant is the factorial structure across occupations (Finnish) and national samples (Finnish, Swedish and Dutch)? How persistent is exhaustion over time? 2) What is the sequential process of burnout? Is it similar across occupations? How do work stressors relate to the process? 3) How does burnout relate to severe health consequences as well as temporary and chronic work disability according to hospitalization periods, sick-leave episodes and receiving disability pensions? The data were collected between 1986 and 2005. The population of the study consisted of respondents to a company-wide questionnaire survey carried out in 1996-1997 (N=9705, response rate 63%). The participants comprised 6025 blue-collar workers and 3680 white-collar workers. The majority were men (N=7494) and the average age was 43.7 years. In addition, a sample from the population had responded to a questionnaire survey in 1988, which was combined with the 1996 data to form panel data on 713 respondents. The register-based data were collected between 1986 and 2005 from 1) the company's occupational health services' records for a sample of respondents from the 1996 questionnaire survey (sick-leave data), 2) hospitalization records from the Hospital discharge register, and 3) disability pension records from the Finnish Centre for Pensions. These data were combined person by person with the 1996 questionnaire survey data with the help of personal identification numbers which were saved with the study numbers by the researchers. The results showed that burnout consists of three separate but correlating symptoms: exhaustion, cynicism and lack of professional efficacy. As a syndrome, burnout was strongly related to job stressors at work, and seemed to develop from exhaustion through cynicism to lack of professional efficacy in a similar manner among white-collar and blue-collar employees. The results also showed that exhaustion persisted even after eight years of follow-up but did not predict cynicism or lack of professional efficacy after that amount of time. Nor were job stressors longitudinally related to burnout. Longitudinal results were obtained for the severe health-related consequences of burnout. The investigated outcomes represented different phases of health deterioration ranging from sick-leaves and hospitalization periods to receiving work disability pensions. The results showed that burnout syndrome, and its elements of exhaustion and cynicism, were related to future mental and cardiovascular disorders as indicated by hospitalization periods. Burnout was also related to future sick-leave periods due to mental, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders. Of the separate elements, exhaustion was related to the same three categories of disorder, cynicism to mental, musculoskeletal and digestive disorders, and lack of professional efficacy to mental and musculoskeletal disorders. Burnout also predicted receiving disability pensions due to mental and musculoskeletal disorders among initially healthy subjects. Exhaustion was related to receiving disability pensions even when self-reported chronic illness was taken into account. The results suggest that burnout is a multidimensional, chronic, work-related syndrome, which may have serious consequences for health and work ability.

Satisfacción laboral y síndrome de burnout en docentes de nivel primario

Resumen: El trabajo docente no se reduce al dictado de clases, implica la ejecución de varias actividades como son el cuidado y mantenimiento de la escuela, la atención de los alumnos en su diversidad, la confección de materiales didácticos, la realización y presentación de trámites administrativos, la inserción en los programas de capacitación, y el contacto con los padres, con las autoridades y compañeros de trabajo; lo que implica un duro esfuerzo, una significativa carga psíquica en el trabajo. Cuando la motivación y la satisfacción por educar disminuyen, cuando el compromiso profesional y la vocación de enseñar no son suficientes para garantizar un desempeño satisfactorio y sobrellevar las diferentes situaciones de la labor cotidiana, aumenta la probabilidad de que el docente experimente malestar psicofísico y agotamiento. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el estado de satisfacción laboral de los docentes y su impacto en las dimensiones del Síndrome de Burnout. Se trabajó con una muestra de 229 profesores de nivel primario, de las provincias de Entre Ríos y Buenos Aires. Los resultados indicaron un efecto significativo de la satisfacción laboral sobre las diversas manifestaciones del síndrome. Los maestros más satisfechos con su trabajo mostraron puntuaciones más bajas de cansancio emocional y valores más elevados en ladimensión realización personal del Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).

A organização do trabalho na Unidade de Doenças Infecto-contagiosas e a ocorrência de Burnout nos trabalhadores de Enfermagem

Na organização do trabalho hospitalar há vários determinantes que acarretam no desgaste psicofísico do trabalhador de enfermagem, mesmo com o discurso de que gostam da profissão e se sentem realizados em cuidar de pessoas enfermas, especialmente, no cuidado de clientes adoecidos com o HIV/Aids. A Psicodinâmica do Trabalho é uma ciência que possibilita analisar a configuração da organização laboral, a qual comprovadamente incide na dimensão subjetiva do trabalhador, identificando o sofrimento psíquico, o que potencializa o desenvolvimento de doenças mentais, entre elas a Síndrome de Burnout. Nesta perspectiva, o objeto deste estudo trata da organização do trabalho na Unidade de Doença Infecto-Contagiosa, espaço de cuidado de clientes com HIV/Aids e a ocorrência de Burnout entre os trabalhadores de enfermagem que atuam neste espaço laboral. A fim de apreender o objeto traçaram-se três objetivos: a) identificar a percepção dos trabalhadores acerca das características do trabalho de enfermagem no contexto da Unidade de Doença Infecto-Contagiosa, local de assistência ao cliente portador do HIV/Aids; b) descrever as repercussões no processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores de enfermagem decorrente da assistência ao cliente com HIV/AIDS; e c) analisar as repercussões do processo saúde-doença dos trabalhadores de enfermagem com vistas à identificação de situações do aparecimento da Síndrome de Burnout. Para a realização desta pesquisa, optou-se pela abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e exploratório. Os dados foram obtidos nos meses de maio a agosto de 2010, utilizando as seguintes fontes de coleta de informações: a entrevista semi-estruturada e o formulário Maslach Burnout Inventory. Optou-se por analisar as informações através do Método de Análise Temática de Conteúdo. Os resultados indicaram que o perfil do profissional de enfermagem era composto por trabalhadores do sexo feminino, que estavam na faixa etária entre 44 e 54 anos de idade, na grande maioria técnicos de enfermagem com tempo médio de 2 a 10 anos de trabalho com clientes HIV/Aids. Verificou-se também que havia discrepâncias marcantes entre o trabalho prescrito e o real, o que acarretava sofrimento para o profissional de enfermagem. Constatou-se também que o sofrimento psíquico resultava da vivência cotidiana do processo de morte/morrer do cliente com HIV/Aids, pelo profissional de enfermagem. Além disso, este sofrimento era determinado também pela precarização das relações e das condições de trabalho. Concluiu-se que havia vários trabalhadores com fortes indícios de ocorrência de Burnout, tanto porque a organização do trabalho se configurava como incoerente e pouco racional como pelas características do processo de cuidar do cliente com HIV/Aids. Recomendam-se medidas que promovam a saúde dos trabalhadores de enfermagem e previnam os agravos em seus processos saúde-doença, tais como: a diminuição da carga emocional de trabalho, grupos de reflexão, ginástica laboral, entre outras. É preciso haver conscientização dos gestores, vontade política e estímulo da organização laboral para que os trabalhadores participem.