Adoção de práticas da produção enxuta na construção civil

The civil construction sector has been stimulated to industrialize itself by the adoption of lean production practices in its constructive process. Given this fact, this research verify and identify good practices and difficulties in implementing lean production in construction companies in the State of São Paulo, in order to be able to formulate recommendations to potentiate the performance of the lean concepts applied. The research method used was a multiple case study, where the companies analyzed are constructors that have already initiated the lean application in their systems. From the results, a case analysis was conducted in order to note the constructors' situation in relation to lean construction and, base on this analysis, recommendations were proposed for the companies reflect on lean principles and apply them along to your construction management

Melhoria do processo de reparo por meio da redução de Lead Time em uma empresa de som automotivo

The constant search for improvement and survival of the companies makes essential the utilization of cost reduction strategies and resources optimization. This study had as its objective the utilization of Lean Manufacturing tools for the repair process lead time reduction, in a car audio manufacturer. Performing an action research, the major problems were studied, such as the potential causes and the possible improvement activities, using the DMAIC methodology. An action plan was developed for all involved processes and, as a result, the objective was reached by making a direct impact on the customers’ satisfaction and adding a competitive differential for the company

Identificação de boas práticas e dificuldades do SMED aplicado em uma indústria do ramo de cosméticos

The cosmetic industry has presenting growth in Brazil and one way to support this demand is improving production and reducing waste. Wastes can be related to setup time, which is spent to support demand of product´s mix and volume. One of the methodologies used to reduce setup time is SMED (Single Minute Exchange of Die). This paper aims to describe and analyze the setup process in a production line in a cosmetic industrial branch, before and after the application of SMED methodology, highlighting good practices and difficulties in order to help other companies develop fast setup. The research method used was the case study. From the analysis of the implementation of the methodology on the company which is object from the case study was possible to summarize good practices, such as: the use of pillar E&T to store information about the training on the SMED methodology; creation of a multifunctional teamwork and involving different areas; creation of a “From-To” matrix. Difficulties were identified, such as: high and constant turnover of people who work on the shop floor; lack of discipline in filling the forms and by doing the setup activities that were standardized; lack of financial resources; lack of people´s availability in orer to conduct necessary meetings and trainings. Recommendations for other companies have also been proposed, such as: training of the team involved, before starting the project and a refresher training; standardization of training, forms and documentation of all steps of the project; create a multifunctional team; training after an employee, who is responsible for the setup, leaves the company

A obtenção de ganhos produtivos e diminuição dos desperdícios com a implementação de manufatura enxuta em uma indústria metalúrgica

This work was developed with the aim of explaining the real benefits of using the concept of Lean Manufacturing in a Metallurgical Industry. Through this will highlight the strategies and real gains from the use of this methodology and therefore, the tools of Production Engineering that were used in the implementation of Lean Manufacturing, in order to improve processes in various aspects such as reduced handling, standardization of production, reduced time used in machine setup. Practical methods applied for the purpose of reducing waste become apparent. Also highlighted will be the real difficulties encountered in the implementation of Lean Manufacturing

Redução do tempo de ciclo baseado na produção enxuta em uma rémontagem de tubos de freios e combustível

In today's competitive environment of automakers, it is essential to obtain the highest efficiency of the production process. This paper presents a study in a pre-assembly of brake pipes and fuel of a vehicle where the value stream maps and information (VSM – Value Stream Mapping) were designed in order to improve the process by reducing the Lead Time Production of a product, reducing waste and decrease time between processes. This work can be divided into three stages, the first building the VSM of the initial state, the second VSM of the proposed state and finally the VSM than was actually performed and to present the gains were achieved effectively. The proposed VSM would lead to a gain of 54% in lead time and 61% in processing time, since the VSM implemented had gains of 47% in lead time and 48% in processing time even without major investments as originally proposed. Concluding that even without big investment, using the techniques of lean manufacturing is possible to achieve high levels of process efficiency

Controle de velocidade e tração de rodas independentes para veículos elétricos

This work presents a proposal to replace thetraditional system of traction electric car that usesone electric motor and a mechanical differential, by two electric motors of lower power, controlled byelectronic control low cost. The proposed control isopen loop and uses the technique of Pulse WidthModulation (PWM), discrete and synchronizedaiming to reduce the generation of harmonics. The implementation of two smaller motor one on each wheel-drive distributes the weight of the vehicle, improving the heat exchange of the windings,beyond enable the power components supporting a current of 50% predicted for only one motor . The solution adopted for being open-loop, has a similar behavior to the mechanical differential, where theeffort imposed by the trajectory makes the velocity distribution between the wheels be appropriate tovehicle trajectory

Implementação de produção enxuta em uma empresa de manutenção de equipamentos rotativos

This graduation work presents the implementation of the key concepts of lean thinking in a maintenance workshop of rotating equipment, analyzing all the administrative and workshop processes. The pursuit of quality and client satisfaction at lower costs has generated a lot of competition between organizations, which use the practices of lean manufacturing as tools for processes improvement, aiming to eliminate wastes, being this, the work objective. And, unlike a manufacturing system, where the product goes through certain stages until its conclusion, the workshop does not have a default sequence that is repeated routinely on all machines. Thus, it demonstrates a possibility of application of lean tools in a different way of the common used in the lean manufacturing

Redução de tempo de setup de uma máquina de encartuchamento pela técnica SMED

Currently the market requires companies to adapt for they can have the lowest possible cost in their manufacturing, be it a good or service, thus obtaining a greater profit. For this profit the Toyota Production System applies lean manufacturing practices actions with reduced spending, smaller lots and stocks, generated by market demand. The technique allows SMED with few actions, changes and investments that time does not exceed one digit on your total time. This case study shows that only with standardization and use of inexpensive improvements, could reduce setup time on a machine for 70 minutes to time of approximately 48 minutes with little investment, demonstrating the viability of the tool presented

Aplicação de princípios do pensamento enxuto no processo de envio e devolução de correspondências em um banco privado

The success obtained by the Toyota Company in implementing the Toyota Production System was a global case of study that generated different new approaches, such as Lean Thinking. This approach was already successfully applied to various sectors, breeding methodologies as Lean Service, Lean Office or Lean IT. In this paper, the main concepts of Lean Thinking were applied in an information flow through an action research, more specifically in the sending and return of mailing process from a bank. The objectives were to create changes that led to the decrease of the mail returning indexes and ultimately to cost reduction and waste elimination. For this purpose the actual situation was mapped, and after data collection and analysis, a future proposed state was generated for the information flow. Alongside, indicators were conceived for managing process control and a set of implemented and proposed improvements were delivered. The applied Lean Thinking concepts were considered efficient for the application, and the proposed objectives were achieved

Resolução do problema de sequenciamento de múltiplas linhas de montagem de modelos mistos em ambiente de produção enxuta

This work deals with the sequencing of Multi-Mixed-Model Assembly Lines in a lean manufacturing environment, where an operational structure where several kanbans support several mixed-model assembly lines, so that all assembly lines can receive parts or sub-assemblies from all suppliers. To optimize this system, the sequencing seeks to minimize the distance between the real consumption and the constant ideal consumption of parts or subassemblies, thereby reducing the scaling of kanbans and intermediate stocks. To solve the sequencing problems, the method Clustering Search was applied along with the metaheuristics Variable Neighborhood Search, Simulation Annealing and Iterative Local Search. Instances from the literature and generated instances were tested, thus allowing comparing the methods to each other and with other methods presented in the literature. The performance of the Clustering Search with Iterated Local Search stands out by the quality and robustness of their solutions, and mainly for its efficiency, whereas it converges to better results at a lower computational cost

Decisão making or buying: uma aplicação em células de manufatura de uma indústria de produção mecânica

In order to maintain the competitiveness the companies seek for cost reduction and resource optimization. A product or service price is calculated considering direct and indirect costs involved in its fabrication, which means that if an intern indirect process is optimized, the final price of the product is also reduced and becomes more interesting to the final costumer. Considering this reasoning, the companies must evaluate each of their processes and optimize them. It is common to outsource intern products manufacturing as a cost reduction strategy, nevertheless when there are already resources and capability to produce the own goods, it becomes necessary to evaluate the economic gain that each strategy - make or buy - generates. This paper aims to evaluate the necessary support to take a decision regarding making or buying in a production cell of hoses based in the value of economic cost, system cost and decision process

Implantação do sistema kanban para elementos de fixação em maquinas de movimentação de terra

Always seeking the maximum profit under the reduced production time and lower number of failures, companies are increasingly evolving and going after continuous improvement in order to remain competitive in the market. Thus, increasingly there is investment in the management system Lean manufacturing. Lean system is very important, because through it, the maximum value is added in the final product. Being measured by the efficiency and reducing failures to zero. In the studied company, Lean manufacturing system came into effect through the kanban system for purchasing, control and distribution of bulk material used in the assembly of the final product, which are earth-moving machines. It is very important to check the great change made in the company with the implementation of kanban. All inventory management becomes visual, elements are arranged in an organized manner, with addresses in structures, calculated in special boxes and finally, assemblers have the guarantee of an item supply, with the distribution cars located on their assembly area. This study participates effectively assuring the supply. Avoiding any failure on the lack of material, non-compliance of delivery times to the customer and maintenance of over-stock or obsolete inventory, in which case both cause financial loss to the company

Uma análise das estratégias de manufatura adotadas por seis montadoras da indústria automobilística mundial

The Brazilian automotive industry has undergone profound changes during the 90’s decade, as a consequence of the market opening up through the liberation of automobile imports. The exposure of the Brazilian domestic market to competition with imported products of high quality and lower prices indicated the need for significant changes in those auto industries operating in this country, with the intention of making them competitive. To achieve these objectives management and production concepts were adopted, such as: the just-in-time philosophy; lean manufacturing; outsourcing; reengineering and increasing the rate of automation in both production and management systems. These changes helped to increase productivity and, in turn, reduced the level of employment in the sector, especially in activities where the required qualification levels were low. Despite this modernization, the Brazilian companies have committed themselves to meet the specific needs of the Brazilian market. The objective of this paper is to analyze and present manufacturing strategies from six manufacturers of automotive vehicles: Toyota in Japan, Fiat in Italy, Volkswagen in Brazil and Germany and General Motors in the U.S. and Brazil. The predominant method of research was from reviewing relevant literature, whereas the empirical data was analyzed qualitatively. The article seeks to identify the manufacturing strategies adopted by manufacturers located in the above countries, electing one automotive manufacturer to represent each country. The research demonstrated that the processes for production of automobiles in four plants located in, the U.S. (GM); Italy (Fiat); Japan (Toyota) and Germany (VW) are similar to those adopted in Brazilian industrial plants of the same companies (GM and VW), with differences of operations only in the business strategies adopted by each of them.

Fatores críticos de sucesso na implementação e gerenciamento do pensamento enxuto: um estudo na manufatura de fitas acrílicas

As a result of the industrial competitiveness increase in recent decades, concern about process improvements has been growing significantly. Lean Thinking principles are being more and more applied in the different sectors of the industry and aim to reduce costs, which can generate satisfactory results for an organization. Besides the application of lean tools on workstations, Lean Thinking seeks cultural change of the employees. Although the concepts of this management philosophy are widely disseminated, many organizations find barriers in their implementation and management. This study seeks to identify and evaluate the critical success factors in the implementation of Lean Thinking based on a qualitative research in the manufacturing environment of a multinational chemical company that produces acrylic tapes for the automotive market

Profissionalização da estrutura administrativa de empresas familiares: comércio varejista de materiais de construção

One of the existing business models is the family business. This paper deals with the structure of family businesses. With the purpose to analyzing the input and output processes of goods, and management behavior in decision-making, looking for the professionalization of the family business administration. This paper is a case study in a construction materials shop, with an applied research due to their nature, according to his purpose takes the characteristic of exploratory research, using interviews, observation and analysis of company data. During the analysis of processes in the company were noted some shortcomings. Given this fact, made the comparison with the theories found, proposals were generated improvements to be accomplished within the company structure