983 resultados para Intestinos -- Doenças inflamatórias Teses


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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A Doença Inflamatória Intestinal atinge uma grande parcela da população mundial e é uma doença com causa multifatorial, duas formas clínicas são reconhecidas atualmente: A Doença de Crohn e a Retocolite Ulcerativa. Muitos estudos relacionam o diagnóstico de DII com um aumento na quantidade da bactéria Escherichia coli, mas ainda não é possível dizer certamente se esse aumento na população de E. coli é causa ou consequência da doença. As Escherichia coli com o padrão de adesão agregativo são encontradas em pacientes com a Doença de Crohn e Retocolite Ulcerativa e o presente estudo irá investigar esse comportamento através do teste de adesão com incubação de 3 horas. A distribuição média dos índices de aderência não apresentam uma diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os pacientes com Doença de Crohn (60%), Retocolite Ulcerativa (40%) e o grupo controle (60%). Assim, obtivemos resultados conflitantes com o esperado pela literatura, não foi observado um aumento na prevalência de testes positivos de aderência nos pacientes diagnosticados com Doença de Crohn e Retocolite Ulcerativa em relação ao grupo controle

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Radiopharmaceuticals are substances marked with radionuclides that can be used for detection and treatment of cancer, infections and inflammatory diseases. They emit several types of radiation through different decay routes, each radioisotope with its specific properties and uses. They can usually be produced from several different materials, by bombardment with particle beams in a nuclear research reactor or cyclotron, depending on their characteristics. Brazil has four public institutions which produce - or import - and distribute radiopharmaceuticals to hospitals and clinics throughout its territory. The largest such institution, Ipen, distributes 97% of radiopharmaceuticals used in the country. Some radiopharmaceuticals decay very quickly, meaning they must be produced and quickly administered to the patient in the same location, presenting a logistical challenge. Nuclear medicine in Brazil is a promising field and has been steadily growing, although rigid laws and a lack of qualified work force hinder Research and Development efforts for new radiopharmaceuticals. The construction of a new nuclear research reactor, in 2016, should generate self-sufficiency and economy in radiopharmaceutical production and avoid a future crisis in the supply of technetium-99m, the most important radioisotope, used in over 80% of procedures with radiopharmaceuticals.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Ocular inflammation is one of the leading causes of blindness and loss of vision. Human uveitis is a complex and heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by inflammation of intraocular tissues. The eye may be the only organ involved, or uveitis may be part of a systemic disease. A significant number of cases are of unknown etiology and are labeled idiopathic. Animal models have been developed to the study of the physiopathogenesis of autoimmune uveitis due to the difficulty in obtaining human eye inflamed tissues for experiments. Most of those models are induced by injection of specific photoreceptors proteins (e.g., S-antigen, interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, rhodopsin, recoverin, phosducin). Non-retinal antigens, including melanin-associated proteins and myelin basic protein, are also good inducers of uveitis in animals. Understanding the basic mechanisms and pathogenesis of autoimmune ocular diseases are essential for the development of new treatment approaches and therapeutic agents. The present review describes the main experimental models of autoimmune ocular inflammatory diseases.

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Over the past few years, many studies on the association between celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease have been reported. The genetic origin of this association has prompted research that searches for a common link for the concomitant manifestation of these pathologies. Clinical studies aim not only to demonstrate this relation, but also to establish the epidemiological frequencies among affected individuals and their relatives as compared to the general population. The similar clinical symptoms, difficulties, diagnoses, and therapeutics are still a challenge, since this association is unknown to most coloproctologists, thereby culminating in treatments and surgical procedures with no benefits for the patient.