960 resultados para Hematology


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This is an editorial for Haematologica, 101(9).

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The competitiveness in the rural sector and the need to make viable and sustainable property, direct the farmer to seek new production strategies. In this sense, the book Techniques of sustainable agricultural management has as objective contributed information on concepts, management practices, technological innovations, which are applicable in the agricultural production. The same is composed of 13 chapters, topics covered in aquaculture production, management and dairy production, as general aspects of hematology fish; dynamics of decision-making and adaptive flow dairy production systems; importance of performance measures and body biometrics in small ruminants; milk production in beef cows; parasitism in beef cattle; performance of dairy cows in production; efficiency of cross beef cattle in finishing phase; development of Marchangus: five years; and, bovine growth efficiency. In vegetable production area are addressed matters relating on management and olive cultivation, species of great economic importance and diversification as alternative on the property; functional foods in fruit and vegetables; influence of environmental factors, harvesting and drying in the production and composition of essential oils of Mentha spp; and, implication of the contamination of corn grain by mycotoxins in livestock production. At the end of the book, the expectation of the authors is to have contributed with relevant themes of Brazilian agriculture, which could reflect positively on knowledge, values and quality of available material.

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O relatório de estágio curricular do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, aqui apresentado, encontra-se dividido em quatro partes distintas. A primeira corresponde à descrição do local de estágio, a segunda engloba a descrição das atividades desenvolvidas com a compilação da respetiva casuística e a terceira consiste numa revisão de literatura sobre as principais áreas laboratoriais acompanhadas: Bioquímica, Hematologia e Urianálise. Na quarta e última parte é abordado um caso clínico de Leishmaniose Canina, acompanhado durante o período de estágio. Este foi realizado no Laboratório Inno, Serviços Especializados em Veterinária, Lda., localizado em Braga, Portugal e abrangeu a área de Diagnóstico Laboratorial Veterinário. A escolha do tema prendeu-se com o grande interesse pela área da Patologia Clínica, associado à sua enorme importância em Medicina Veterinária. No decorrer do estágio, foram solicitadas 29967 análises: 19437 bioquímicas, 2964 hematológicas e 1031 urianálises. Neste relatório pretende-se destacar a importância destas áreas na formulação do diagnóstico médico-veterinário; Laboratory diagnosis in dogs and cats Abstract: This report of my curricular training integrated in the Veterinary Medicine Master Degree of Évora University is divided in three distinctive sections. The first one covers the description of the place where I develop my work - INNO, a specialized Veterinary Laboratory focused mainly on small animal diagnosis, placed in Braga, Portugal; the second one comprise the casuistic and the third is a systematic review of the main laboratory areas of actuation – Biochemistry, Hematology and Urinalysis. The fourth section describes one case of Canine Leishmaniosis accompanied during the period of training. In this period the lab received 29967 analysis, including the following specific exams by areas: biochemistry (n=19437), hematology (n=2964) and urinalysis (n=1031). The purpose of this report is enunciate and evolve about the main and crucial areas of medical diagnostic in small animal practice.

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Alterações hematológicas em peixes são consideradas uma importante ferramenta para avaliar processos patológicos decorrentes da exposição a poluentes ambientais. Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) (corvina) é comumente encontrada em regiões estuarinas e eventualmente está exposta a inúmeros contaminantes. No presente estudo foi avaliado o quadro hematológico de indivíduos de M. furnieri coletados na Baixada Santista: o Sistema Estuarino de Santos, considerado poluído, e o estuário do Rio Itanhaém (controle). Foram avaliados o número de Eritrócitos (Er), o Hematócrito (Ht), a taxa de Hemoglobina (Hb), o Volume Corpuscular Médio (VCM) e a Concentração de Hemoglobina Corpuscular Média (CHCM). Nos peixes coletados no Sistema Estuarino de Santos, os níveis de Ht foram significativamente menores, enquanto os níveis de CHCM e Hb foram significativamente mais altos, indicando que os prováveis efeitos estejam atribuídos aos diferentes níveis de contaminação encontrados nos estuários.

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This study describes the hematological alterations in Astyanax altiparanae associated with infestation with Lernaea cyprinacea. The study was carried out in a lagoon of the Mogi- Guaçu River, in the municipality of Pirassununga, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Of 46 fish examined, 45.6% had their integument infested by L. cyprinacea, with a mean intensity of 4.9 parasites per fish and a mean abundance of 2.2, giving a total of 139 recovered crustaceans. The abundance of L. cyprinacea correlated positively with the length and weight of the hosts, and the intensity of infestation was higher in female hosts. Macroscopic observation of lesions associated with the parasite showed a severe inflammatory reaction around the site of attachment of L. cyprinacea, associated with a lower relative condition factor and blood parameters. The hematocrit, number of red blood cells and thrombocytes were higher in non-parasitized than in parasitized fish. However, the hemoglobin concentration, hematimetric indices and the number of white blood cells were not influenced by infestation.

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Padua S.B. & Ishikawa M.M. [Metachromasia for blood basophils identification in hybrid surubim catfish: methodological contribution]. Metacromasia para identificacao de basofilos sanguineos em surubim hibrido: contribuicao metodologica. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 33(3):147-150, 2011. Centro de Aquicultura da Unesp/Jaboticabal Rod. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n Bairro Rural, Jaboticabal, 14884-900, SP. Brasil. E-mail: santiagopadua@live.comDifferent protocols of fixation and hydrolysis of blood smears of hybrid surubim catfish for metachromasia to marking blood basophils were evaluated. For this reason, methanol, acid-alcohol and formalin vapor were tested as fixatives. For hydrolysis of blood smears, HCl, citric acid and 2-Mercaptoethanol + Urea + NaCl solutions was evaluated. After procedures, the blood smears was stained with toluidine blue (0.025%) diluted in McIlvaine buffer (pH 4). The different protocols for fixation and hydrolysis of blood smears for metachromasia influenced the quality of the reaction. Hydrolysis with 2-Mercaptoethanol + Urea + NaCl solutions provided negative results when using methanol and acid-alcohol as fixatives. The fixation with acid-alcohol associated with citric acid hydrolysis provides highest quality reason.

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The effects of parasitic infections in condition factor, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and leucocytes and thrombocytes distribution in Piaractus mesopotamicus, Leporinus macrocephalus, hybrid tambacu (P. mesopotamicus x Colossoma macropomum and Brycon amazonicus collected in feefishing from Franca, São Paulo, Brazil were evaluated. Parasitized tambacu and L. macrocephalus had higher (p<0.05) condition factor than unparasitized fish. However, the contrary occurred in P. mesopotamicus and B. amazonicus. Changes in the hematocrit, hemoglobin and MCHC were not related to parasitism. Parasitic infections did not cause effect on leucocytes and thrombocytes percentage (p>0.05) of tambacu. In P. mesopotamicus parasitized by Monogenea Anacanthorus penilabiatus and dinoflagellate Piscinoodinium pillulare, increase in monocytes and decrease in thrombocytes percentage (p<0.05) were found. However, the same parasitic association in L. macrocephalus caused a decrease in lymphocytes percentage accompanied by increase in neutrophils percentage (p<0.05). In B. amazonicus, infection by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, P. pillulare and monogeneans caused increase in neutrophils percentage.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta fisiológica (cortisol, glicemia e parâmetros sanguineos) de girinos de rã-touro (Lithobates catesbeianus) em diferentes densidades e após exposição aérea. Os animais utilizados no experimento estavam entre os estágios 31 a 39, na fase de pró-metamorfose sendo testados 1 girino/L (Tratamento 1), 5 girinos/L (Tratamento 2) e 10 girinos/L (Tratamento 3), conduzidos em 3 réplicas simultâneas durante 12 dias. O sangue foi retirado por rompimento do vaso caudal na condição de Normóxia - N (tempo zero) e Hipóxia - H (tempo de 15 minutos de exposição ao ar). Foi observado um aumento nos valores de cortisol, aos 4 e 8 dias de exposição aérea retornando aos valores basais ao final do experimento, apesar de não haver diferenças significativas. A glicemia não apresentou diferenças significativas quanto aos estressores aplicados. Os parâmetros hematológicos da série branca, principalmente, o número de linfócitos, neutrófilos e eosinófilos mostraram diferença significativa aos 12 dias de experimentação quando comparados com o momento zero; concluindo-se que, em condições controladas, o adensamento de até 10 girinos/litro e a exposição aérea por 15 minutos não apresentou danos aos girinos de rã-touro durante o período experimental. O padrão de resposta a estes estímulos talvez seja expresso em outro nível hormonal (corticosterona).

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Na aquicultura são utilizados análises da ativação e incremento da migração de macrófagos, com intuito de verificar a capacidade imunológica inespecífica dos peixes frente a um desafio. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o tempo de migração de monócitos/macrófagos para a cavidade peritoneal em matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, por meio da técnica de inoculação de leveduras Saccharomyces cerevisiae, e verificar as possíveis alterações dos parâmetros hematológicos após o estímulo. Foram utilizados 30 matrinxãs com peso médio de 101,55 ± 24,50 g e comprimento médio de 19,75 ± 1,72 cm. Os tempos de inoculação utilizados foram 2, 4, 8 e 12 horas, sendo utilizados 6 animais por tempo. Após os períodos de incubação (2, 4, 8 e 12 horas), os exemplares foram anestesiados e alíquotas de sangue foram coletadas por punção do vaso caudal, para a análise: número total de células, contagem diferencial e total dos leucócitos e contagem total de trombócitos, hematócrito, taxa de hemoglobina e índices hematimétricos (VCM, HCM e CHCM). Os resultados mostram que a capacidade fagocítica do macrófago não apresentou diferenças significativas entre os tempos experimentais. Com relação ao índice fagocítico, o tempo de 2 horas representa o tempo em que os macrófagos fagocitaram maior número de leveduras com diferenças significativas em relação aos outros tempos experimentais, indicando que este tempo (2 horas) de incubação foi suficiente para a migração e ativação máxima dos macrófagos da cavidade peritoneal, da espécie estudada. Os valores do número de eritrócitos apresentaram diferenças entre os tempos de incubação. Entretanto, os valores dos outros parâmetros hematológicos não apresentaram diferenças significativas.

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Haematological changes in ascorbic acid deficient fishes, observed by some authors, awoked the interest in the haematological response of pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus. The present work studied the influence of different levels of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in the ration on the haematological parameters of pacu. Fishes at the beginning of the experiment, presented average body weight 8.64±1.62g and 6.15±0.33cm standard length, were fed with diets containing 0. 50, 100 and 200mg ascorbic acid/kg dry ration. The present work was developed for a period of 24 weeks at the Fish Nutrition Laboratory of Aquaculture Center of Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Jaboticabal (São Paulo). The fishes were distributed by the completely randomized design in 20 aquaria of 100 liters capacity with six animals in each and five fold treatment. Condutivity, alcalinity. pH and oxigen were measured weekly and temperature daily. The blood colect was done in 60 anesthetized fishes with 50mg MS-222/1. The results suggests that 50mg ascorbic acid/kg dry ration improved the mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and decreased haematocril in unsupplemented fishes, although not differing significantly (P>0.05). The erytrocyte diameter indicated the presence of macrocytic cells in unsupplemented fishes (P<0.05) and the regression analysis showed too reduced neutrophils in unsupplemenled ones, 50mg ascorbic acid/kg dry ration supplementation was enough to development and haematological responses. Furthtermore, the optimum level to the growth is 139mg vitamin C/kg dry ration (P<0.05).

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Le rôle de l'inflammation dans le développement et la progression des maladies rénales chroniques (MRC) chez le chat a été peu étudié. L'hepcidine est une protéine de la phase aigue (PPA) de l'inflammation qui contribue au développement des anémies lors de MRC chez l'homme. Les objectifs de cette étude sont de comparer les concentrations en PPAs, en erythropoietine (EPO) ainsi que le statut en fer entre un groupe de chats sains et en MRC. 18 chats sains et 38 chats en MRC ont été recrutés de façon prospective. Les examens réalisés incluaient hématologie, biochimie, analyse d'urine, Serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobine (HAP), EPO, hepcidine,fer, TIBC et ferritinne. Nous avons observé une augmentation significative des concentrations en SAA et en hepcidine ainsi qu'une diminution significative du fer et du TIBC dans le groupe MRC (P < .05). Une corrélation positive entre la créatinine et certaines PPAs (SAA and hepcidin; P < .05) était présente. L'augmentation de SAA et hepcidine était significativement associé avec une diminution du TIBC et de l'hématocrite dans le groupe MRC. Les 14 (37%) chats anémiques du groupe MRC avaient une concentration significativement plus basse en fer et en TIBC (P < .05), changements compatibles avec une déficience fonctionelle en fer. Aucun chat n'avait un panel de fer compatible avec une carence en fer absolue. En conclusion, les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que les MRC chez le chat sont des conditions pro-inflammatoires, ayant un impact sur le métabolisme du fer.

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Le rôle de l'inflammation dans le développement et la progression des maladies rénales chroniques (MRC) chez le chat a été peu étudié. L'hepcidine est une protéine de la phase aigue (PPA) de l'inflammation qui contribue au développement des anémies lors de MRC chez l'homme. Les objectifs de cette étude sont de comparer les concentrations en PPAs, en erythropoietine (EPO) ainsi que le statut en fer entre un groupe de chats sains et en MRC. 18 chats sains et 38 chats en MRC ont été recrutés de façon prospective. Les examens réalisés incluaient hématologie, biochimie, analyse d'urine, Serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobine (HAP), EPO, hepcidine,fer, TIBC et ferritinne. Nous avons observé une augmentation significative des concentrations en SAA et en hepcidine ainsi qu'une diminution significative du fer et du TIBC dans le groupe MRC (P < .05). Une corrélation positive entre la créatinine et certaines PPAs (SAA and hepcidin; P < .05) était présente. L'augmentation de SAA et hepcidine était significativement associé avec une diminution du TIBC et de l'hématocrite dans le groupe MRC. Les 14 (37%) chats anémiques du groupe MRC avaient une concentration significativement plus basse en fer et en TIBC (P < .05), changements compatibles avec une déficience fonctionelle en fer. Aucun chat n'avait un panel de fer compatible avec une carence en fer absolue. En conclusion, les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que les MRC chez le chat sont des conditions pro-inflammatoires, ayant un impact sur le métabolisme du fer.

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Insertion and/or deletion mutations of the CALR gene have recently been demonstrated to be the second most common driver mutations in the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) of essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). Given the diagnostic and emerging prognostic significance of these mutations, in addition to the geographical heterogeneity reported, the incidence of CALR mutations was determined in an Irish cohort of patients with MPNs with a view to incorporate this analysis into a prospective screening program. A series of 202 patients with known or suspected ET and PMF were screened for the presence of CALR mutations. CALR mutations were detected in 58 patients. Type 1 and Type 1-like deletion mutations were the most common (n = 40) followed by Type 2 and Type 2-like insertion mutations (n = 17). The CALR mutation profile in Irish ET and PMF patients appears similar to that in other European populations. Establishment of this mutational profile allows the introduction of a rational, molecular diagnostic algorithm in cases of suspected ET and PMF that will improve clinical management.